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// Copyright 2015 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
package main
// APK is the archival format used for Android apps. It is a ZIP archive with
// three extra files:
//
// META-INF/MANIFEST.MF
// META-INF/CERT.SF
// META-INF/CERT.RSA
//
// The MANIFEST.MF comes from the Java JAR archive format. It is a list of
// files included in the archive along with a SHA1 hash, for example:
//
// Name: lib/armeabi/libbasic.so
// SHA1-Digest: ntLSc1eLCS2Tq1oB4Vw6jvkranw=
//
// For debugging, the equivalent SHA1-Digest can be generated with OpenSSL:
//
// cat lib/armeabi/libbasic.so | openssl sha1 -binary | openssl base64
//
// CERT.SF is a similar manifest. It begins with a SHA1 digest of the entire
// manifest file:
//
// Signature-Version: 1.0
// Created-By: 1.0 (Android)
// SHA1-Digest-Manifest: aJw+u+10C3Enbg8XRCN6jepluYA=
//
// Then for each entry in the manifest it has a SHA1 digest of the manfiest's
// hash combined with the file name:
//
// Name: lib/armeabi/libbasic.so
// SHA1-Digest: Q7NAS6uzrJr6WjePXSGT+vvmdiw=
//
// This can also be generated with openssl:
//
// echo -en "Name: lib/armeabi/libbasic.so\r\nSHA1-Digest: ntLSc1eLCS2Tq1oB4Vw6jvkranw=\r\n\r\n" | openssl sha1 -binary | openssl base64
//
// Note the \r\n line breaks.
//
// CERT.RSA is an RSA signature block made of CERT.SF. Verify it with:
//
// openssl smime -verify -in CERT.RSA -inform DER -content CERT.SF cert.pem
//
// The APK format imposes two extra restrictions on the ZIP format. First,
// it is uncompressed. Second, each contained file is 4-byte aligned. This
// allows the Android OS to mmap contents without unpacking the archive.
// Note: to make life a little harder, Android Studio stores the RSA key used
// for signing in an Oracle Java proprietary keystore format, JKS. For example,
// the generated debug key is in ~/.android/debug.keystore, and can be
// extracted using the JDK's keytool utility:
//
// keytool -importkeystore -srckeystore ~/.android/debug.keystore -destkeystore ~/.android/debug.p12 -deststoretype PKCS12
//
// Once in standard PKCS12, the key can be converted to PEM for use in the
// Go crypto packages:
//
// openssl pkcs12 -in ~/.android/debug.p12 -nocerts -nodes -out ~/.android/debug.pem
//
// Fortunately for debug builds, all that matters is that the APK is signed.
// The choice of key is unimportant, so we can generate one for normal builds.
// For production builds, we can ask users to provide a PEM file.
import (
"archive/zip"
"bytes"
"crypto/rand"
"crypto/rsa"
"crypto/sha1"
"encoding/base64"
"fmt"
"hash"
"io"
)
// NewWriter returns a new Writer writing an APK file to w.
// The APK will be signed with key.
func NewWriter(w io.Writer, priv *rsa.PrivateKey) *Writer {
apkw := &Writer{priv: priv}
apkw.w = zip.NewWriter(&countWriter{apkw: apkw, w: w})
return apkw
}
// Writer implements an APK file writer.
type Writer struct {
offset int
w *zip.Writer
priv *rsa.PrivateKey
manifest []manifestEntry
cur *fileWriter
}
// Create adds a file to the APK archive using the provided name.
//
// The name must be a relative path. The file's contents must be written to
// the returned io.Writer before the next call to Create or Close.
func (w *Writer) Create(name string) (io.Writer, error) {
if err := w.clearCur(); err != nil {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("apk: Create(%s): %v", name, err)
}
if name == "AndroidManifest.xml" {
w.cur = &fileWriter{
name: name,
w: new(bytes.Buffer),
sha1: sha1.New(),
}
return w.cur, nil
}
res, err := w.create(name)
if err != nil {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("apk: Create(%s): %v", name, err)
}
return res, nil
}
func (w *Writer) create(name string) (io.Writer, error) {
// Align start of file contents by using Extra as padding.
if err := w.w.Flush(); err != nil { // for exact offset
return nil, err
}
const fileHeaderLen = 30 // + filename + extra
start := w.offset + fileHeaderLen + len(name)
extra := start % 4
zipfw, err := w.w.CreateHeader(&zip.FileHeader{
Name: name,
Extra: make([]byte, extra),
})
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
w.cur = &fileWriter{
name: name,
w: zipfw,
sha1: sha1.New(),
}
return w.cur, nil
}
// Close finishes writing the APK. This includes writing the manifest and
// signing the archive, and writing the ZIP central directory.
//
// It does not close the underlying writer.
func (w *Writer) Close() error {
if err := w.clearCur(); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("apk: %v", err)
}
hasDex := false
for _, entry := range w.manifest {
if entry.name == "classes.dex" {
hasDex = true
break
}
}
manifest := new(bytes.Buffer)
if hasDex {
fmt.Fprint(manifest, manifestDexHeader)
} else {
fmt.Fprint(manifest, manifestHeader)
}
certBody := new(bytes.Buffer)
for _, entry := range w.manifest {
n := entry.name
h := base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(entry.sha1.Sum(nil))
fmt.Fprintf(manifest, "Name: %s\nSHA1-Digest: %s\n\n", n, h)
cHash := sha1.New()
fmt.Fprintf(cHash, "Name: %s\r\nSHA1-Digest: %s\r\n\r\n", n, h)
ch := base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(cHash.Sum(nil))
fmt.Fprintf(certBody, "Name: %s\nSHA1-Digest: %s\n\n", n, ch)
}
mHash := sha1.New()
mHash.Write(manifest.Bytes())
cert := new(bytes.Buffer)
fmt.Fprint(cert, certHeader)
fmt.Fprintf(cert, "SHA1-Digest-Manifest: %s\n\n", base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(mHash.Sum(nil)))
cert.Write(certBody.Bytes())
mw, err := w.Create("META-INF/MANIFEST.MF")
if err != nil {
return err
}
if _, err := mw.Write(manifest.Bytes()); err != nil {
return err
}
cw, err := w.Create("META-INF/CERT.SF")
if err != nil {
return err
}
if _, err := cw.Write(cert.Bytes()); err != nil {
return err
}
rsa, err := signPKCS7(rand.Reader, w.priv, cert.Bytes())
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("apk: %v", err)
}
rw, err := w.Create("META-INF/CERT.RSA")
if err != nil {
return err
}
if _, err := rw.Write(rsa); err != nil {
return err
}
return w.w.Close()
}
const manifestHeader = `Manifest-Version: 1.0
Created-By: 1.0 (Go)
`
const manifestDexHeader = `Manifest-Version: 1.0
Dex-Location: classes.dex
Created-By: 1.0 (Go)
`
const certHeader = `Signature-Version: 1.0
Created-By: 1.0 (Go)
`
func (w *Writer) clearCur() error {
if w.cur == nil {
return nil
}
if w.cur.name == "AndroidManifest.xml" {
buf := w.cur.w.(*bytes.Buffer)
b, err := binaryXML(buf)
if err != nil {
return err
}
f, err := w.create("AndroidManifest.xml")
if err != nil {
return err
}
if _, err := f.Write(b); err != nil {
return err
}
}
w.manifest = append(w.manifest, manifestEntry{
name: w.cur.name,
sha1: w.cur.sha1,
})
w.cur.closed = true
w.cur = nil
return nil
}
type manifestEntry struct {
name string
sha1 hash.Hash
}
type countWriter struct {
apkw *Writer
w io.Writer
}
func (c *countWriter) Write(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
n, err = c.w.Write(p)
c.apkw.offset += n
return n, err
}
type fileWriter struct {
name string
w io.Writer
sha1 hash.Hash
closed bool
}
func (w *fileWriter) Write(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
if w.closed {
return 0, fmt.Errorf("apk: write to closed file %q", w.name)
}
w.sha1.Write(p)
n, err = w.w.Write(p)
if err != nil {
err = fmt.Errorf("apk: %v", err)
}
return n, err
}