vulncheck: introduce vulncheck module and core structures

Change-Id: I66c2153bb466db0122d71d4c772ba38496fc740f
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/exp/+/358634
Run-TryBot: Zvonimir Pavlinovic <zpavlinovic@google.com>
Trust: Zvonimir Pavlinovic <zpavlinovic@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Julie Qiu <julie@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Roland Shoemaker <roland@golang.org>
diff --git a/vulncheck/go.mod b/vulncheck/go.mod
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..de7dce9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vulncheck/go.mod
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+module golang.org/x/exp/vulncheck
+
+go 1.17
+
+require golang.org/x/vulndb v0.0.0-20211020161650-d192a0cd6149
+
+require (
+	golang.org/x/mod v0.4.1 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20191204190536-9bdfabe68543 // indirect
+)
diff --git a/vulncheck/go.sum b/vulncheck/go.sum
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4d817b1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vulncheck/go.sum
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
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diff --git a/vulncheck/vulncheck.go b/vulncheck/vulncheck.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4d8cc90
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vulncheck/vulncheck.go
@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+// Copyright 2021 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+// Package vulncheck detects uses of known vulnerabilities
+// in Go binaries and source code.
+package vulncheck
+
+import (
+	"go/token"
+
+	"golang.org/x/vulndb/client"
+	"golang.org/x/vulndb/osv"
+)
+
+// Config is used for configuring vulncheck algorithms.
+type Config struct {
+	// ImportsOnly flag, if true, signals vulncheck to analyze import chains only.
+	// Otherwise, call chains are analyzed too.
+	ImportsOnly bool
+	// Client is used for querying data from a vulnerability database.
+	Client client.Client
+}
+
+// Result contains information on which vulnerabilities are potentially affecting
+// user code and how are they affecting it via call graph, package imports graph,
+// and module requires graph.
+type Result struct {
+	// Calls is a call graph whose roots are program entry functions/methods and
+	// sinks are vulnerable functions/methods. Empty when Config.ImportsOnly=true
+	// or when no vulnerable symbols are reachable via program call graph.
+	Calls *CallGraph
+	// Imports is a package dependency graph whose roots are entry user packages
+	// and sinks are the packages with some vulnerable symbols. Empty when no
+	// packages with some vulnerabilities are imported in the program.
+	Imports *ImportGraph
+	// Requires is a module dependency graph whose roots are entry user modules
+	// and sinks are modules with some vulnerable packages. Empty when no modules
+	// with some vulnerabilities are required by the program.
+	Requires *RequireGraph
+
+	// Vulns contains information on detected vulnerabilities and their place in
+	// the above graphs. Only vulnerabilities whose symbols are reachable in Calls,
+	// or whose packages are imported in Imports, or whose modules are required in
+	// Requires, have an entry in Vulns.
+	Vulns []*Vuln
+}
+
+// Vuln provides information on how a vulnerability is affecting user code by
+// connecting it to the Result.{Calls,Imports,Requires} graphs. Vulnerabilities
+// detected in Go binaries do not have a place in the Result graphs.
+type Vuln struct {
+	// The next four fields identify a vulnerability. Note that *osv.Entry
+	// describes potentially multiple symbols from multiple packages.
+
+	// OSV contains information on detected vulnerability in the shared
+	// vulnerability format.
+	OSV *osv.Entry
+	// Symbol is the name of the detected vulnerable function or method.
+	Symbol string
+	// PkgPath is the package path of the detected Symbol.
+	PkgPath string
+	// ModPath is the module path corresponding to PkgPath.
+	ModPath string
+
+	// CallSink is the ID of the sink node in Calls graph corresponding to
+	// the use of Symbol. ID is not available (denoted with 0) in binary mode,
+	// or if Symbol is not reachable, or if Config.ImportsOnly=true.
+	CallSink int
+	// ImportSink is the ID of the sink node in the Imports graph corresponding
+	// to the import of PkgPath. ID is not available (denoted with 0) in binary
+	// mode or if PkgPath is not imported.
+	ImportSink int
+	// RequireSink is the ID of the sink node in Requires graph corresponding
+	// to the require statement of ModPath. ID is not available (denoted with 0)
+	// in binary mode.
+	RequireSink int
+}
+
+// CallGraph whose sinks are vulnerable functions and sources are entry points of user
+// packages. CallGraph is backwards directed, i.e., from a function node to the place
+// where the function is called.
+type CallGraph struct {
+	// Funcs contains all call graph nodes as a map: func node id -> func node.
+	Funcs map[int]*FuncNode
+	// Entries are a subset of Funcs representing vulncheck entry points.
+	Entries []*FuncNode
+}
+
+type FuncNode struct {
+	ID   int
+	Name string
+	// RecvType is the receiver object type of this function, if any.
+	RecvType string
+	PkgPath  string
+	Pos      *token.Position
+	// CallSites is a set of call sites where this function is called.
+	CallSites []*CallSite
+}
+
+type CallSite struct {
+	// Parent is ID of the enclosing function where the call is made.
+	Parent int
+	// Name stands for the name of the function (variable) being called.
+	Name string
+	// RecvType is the full path of the receiver object type, if any.
+	RecvType string
+	Pos      *token.Position
+	// Resolved indicates if the called function can be statically resolved.
+	Resolved bool
+}
+
+// RequireGraph models part of module requires graph where sinks are modules with
+// some known vulnerabilities and sources are modules of user entry packages.
+// RequireGraph is backwards directed, i.e., from a module to the set of modules
+// it is required by.
+type RequireGraph struct {
+	// Modules contains all module nodes as a map: module node id -> module node.
+	Modules map[int]*ModNode
+	// Entries are a subset of Modules representing modules of vulncheck entry points.
+	Entries []*ModNode
+}
+
+type ModNode struct {
+	Path    string
+	Version string
+	Replace *ModNode
+	// RequiredBy contains IDs of the modules requiring this module.
+	RequiredBy []int
+}
+
+// ImportGraph models part of package import graph where sinks are packages with
+// some known vulnerabilities and sources are user specified packages. The graph
+// is backwards directed, i.e., from a package to the set of packages importing it.
+type ImportGraph struct {
+	// Packages contains all package nodes as a map: package node id -> package node.
+	Packages map[int]*PkgNode
+	// Entries are a subset of Packages representing packages of vulncheck entry points.
+	Entries []*PkgNode
+}
+
+type PkgNode struct {
+	// Name is the package identifier as it appears in the source code.
+	Name string
+	Path string
+	// Module holds ID of the corresponding module (node) in Requires graph.
+	Module int
+	// ImportedBy contains IDs of packages directly importing this package.
+	ImportedBy []int
+}