| {{block "entirepage" . -}} |
| <!DOCTYPE html> |
| <html lang="en" data-theme="auto"> |
| <head> |
| <!-- Google Tag Manager --> |
| <link rel="preconnect" href="https://www.googletagmanager.com"> |
| <script >(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': |
| new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], |
| j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= |
| 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); |
| })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-W8MVQXG');</script> |
| <!-- End Google Tag Manager --> |
| <meta charset="utf-8"> |
| <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> |
| <meta name="theme-color" content="#00add8"> |
| <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Material+Icons"> |
| <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/styles.css"> |
| <link rel="icon" href="/images/favicon-gopher.png" sizes="any"> |
| <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/images/favicon-gopher-plain.png"/> |
| <link rel="icon" href="/images/favicon-gopher.svg" type="image/svg+xml"> |
| {{if strings.HasPrefix .URL "/blog/"}} |
| <link rel="alternate" title="The Go Blog" type="application/atom+xml" href="/blog/feed.atom"> |
| {{end}} |
| <!-- Google Tag Manager --> |
| <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': |
| new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], |
| j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= |
| 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); |
| })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-W8MVQXG');</script> |
| <!-- End Google Tag Manager --> |
| <script src="/js/site.js"></script> |
| <meta name="og:url" content="https://go.dev{{.URL}}"> |
| <meta name="og:title" content="{{.title}}{{if ne .URL "/"}} - The Go Programming Language{{end}}"> |
| <title>{{.title}}{{if ne .URL "/"}} - The Go Programming Language{{end}}</title> |
| {{if .summary}} |
| <meta name="og:description" content="{{.summary}}"> |
| <meta name="description" content="{{.summary}}"> |
| {{end}} |
| <meta name="og:image" content="https://go.dev/doc/gopher/gopher5logo.jpg"> |
| <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://go.dev/doc/gopher/{{if strings.HasPrefix .URL "/blog/"}}runningsquare.jpg{{else}}gopherbelly300.jpg{{end}}"> |
| <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary"> |
| <meta name="twitter:site" content="@golang"> |
| {{if .link -}} |
| <meta http-equiv="refresh" content="0; url={{.link}}"> |
| {{end -}} |
| </head> |
| <body class="Site"> |
| <!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> |
| <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-W8MVQXG" |
| height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> |
| <!-- End Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> |
| |
| {{$menus := data "/menus.yaml"}} |
| <header class="Site-header js-siteHeader"> |
| <div class="Header Header--dark"> |
| <nav class="Header-nav"> |
| <a href="/"> |
| <img |
| class="js-headerLogo Header-logo" |
| src="/images/go-logo-white.svg" |
| alt="Go"> |
| </a> |
| <div class="skip-navigation-wrapper"> |
| <a class="skip-to-content-link" aria-label="Skip to main content" href="#main-content"> Skip to Main Content </a> |
| </div> |
| <div class="Header-rightContent"> |
| <ul class="Header-menu"> |
| {{- $currentPage := .}} |
| {{- range $menus.main}} |
| <li class="Header-menuItem {{if strings.HasPrefix $currentPage.URL .url}} Header-menuItem--active{{end}}"> |
| <a href="{{if .children}}#{{else}}{{.url}}{{end}}" {{if .children}} class="js-desktop-menu-hover"{{end}} aria-label={{.name}} aria-describedby="dropdown-description"> |
| {{.name}} {{if .children}}<i class="material-icons" aria-hidden="true">arrow_drop_down</i>{{end}} |
| </a> |
| <div class="screen-reader-only" id="dropdown-description" hidden> |
| Press Enter to activate/deactivate dropdown |
| </div> |
| {{- if .children}} |
| <ul class="Header-submenu js-desktop-submenu-hover" aria-label="submenu"> |
| {{- range .children}} |
| <li class="Header-submenuItem"> |
| <div> |
| {{- if .url}} |
| <a href="{{.url}}"> |
| {{.name}} |
| {{ if .external}} <i class="material-icons">open_in_new</i>{{end}} |
| </a> |
| {{- else}} |
| {{.name}} |
| {{- end}} |
| </div> |
| <p>{{.explanation}}</p> |
| {{- if .socialIconsList}} |
| <div class="Header-socialIcons"> |
| {{ range .socialIconsList }} |
| <a class="Header-socialIcon" aria-label="Get connected with {{.name}} (Opens in new window)" href="{{.url}}"><img src="/images/logos/social/{{.img}}" /></a> |
| {{- end}} |
| </div> |
| {{- end}} |
| </li> |
| {{- end}} |
| </ul> |
| {{- end}} |
| </li> |
| {{- end}} |
| </ul> |
| <button class="Header-navOpen js-headerMenuButton Header-navOpen--white" aria-label="Open navigation."> |
| </button> |
| </div> |
| </nav> |
| {{ if (eq .series "Use Cases") }} |
| <div class="UseCaseSubNav js-useCaseSubnav"> |
| <button class="UseCaseSubNav-menuHeader js-useCaseSubnavHeader"> |
| Jump to |
| <img |
| class="UseCaseSubNav-menuIcon js-useCaseSubnavMenuIcon" |
| alt="Open menu icon" src="/images/icons/chevron-down.svg"> |
| </button> |
| <div class="UseCaseSubNav-menu js-useCaseSubnavMenu"> |
| <div class="UseCaseSubNav-anchorLinks js-useCaseSubnavLinks"> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| {{end}} |
| </div> |
| </header> |
| <aside class="NavigationDrawer js-header"> |
| <nav class="NavigationDrawer-nav"> |
| <div class="NavigationDrawer-header"> |
| <a href="/"> |
| <img class="NavigationDrawer-logo" src="/images/go-logo-blue.svg" alt="Go."> |
| </a> |
| </div> |
| <ul class="NavigationDrawer-list"> |
| {{- range $menus.main}} |
| {{ if .children }} |
| <li class="NavigationDrawer-listItem js-mobile-subnav-trigger {{if strings.HasPrefix $currentPage.URL .url}} NavigationDrawer-listItem--active{{end}} NavigationDrawer-hasSubnav"> |
| <a href="#"><span>{{.name}}</span> <i class="material-icons">navigate_next</i></a> |
| |
| <div class="NavigationDrawer NavigationDrawer-submenuItem"> |
| <nav class="NavigationDrawer-nav"> |
| <div class="NavigationDrawer-header"> |
| <a href="#"><i class="material-icons">navigate_before</i>{{.name}}</a> |
| </div> |
| <ul class="NavigationDrawer-list"> |
| {{- range .children}} |
| <li class="NavigationDrawer-listItem"> |
| {{- if .url}} |
| <a href="{{.url}}"> |
| {{.name}} |
| {{ if .external}} <i class="material-icons">open_in_new</i>{{end}} |
| </a> |
| {{ else }} |
| <div>{{.name}}</div> |
| {{- end}} |
| {{- if .socialIconsList}} |
| <div class="Header-socialIcons"> |
| {{ range .socialIconsList }} |
| <a class="Header-socialIcon" href="{{.url}}"><img src="/images/logos/social/{{.img}}" /></a> |
| {{- end}} |
| </div> |
| {{- end}} |
| </li> |
| {{- end}} |
| </ul> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </li> |
| |
| {{ else }} |
| <li class="NavigationDrawer-listItem {{if strings.HasPrefix $currentPage.URL .url}} NavigationDrawer-listItem--active{{end}}"> |
| <a href="{{.url}}">{{.name}}</a> |
| </li> |
| {{ end }} |
| {{- end}} |
| </ul> |
| </nav> |
| </aside> |
| <div class="NavigationDrawer-scrim js-scrim" role="presentation"></div> |
| <main class="SiteContent SiteContent--default" id="main-content"> |
| {{block "layout" .}}{{.Content}}{{end}} |
| </main> |
| <footer class="Site-footer"> |
| <div class="Footer"> |
| <div class="Container"> |
| <div class="Footer-links"> |
| {{- range $menus.footer}} |
| <div class="Footer-linkColumn"> |
| <a href="{{.url}}" class="Footer-link Footer-link--primary"> |
| {{.name}} |
| </a> |
| {{- range .children}} |
| <a href="{{.url}}" class="Footer-link"> |
| {{.name}} |
| </a> |
| {{- end}} |
| </div> |
| {{- end}} |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <div class="Footer"> |
| <div class="Container Container--fullBleed"> |
| <div class="Footer-bottom"> |
| <img class="Footer-gopher" src="/images/gophers/pilot-bust.svg" alt="The Go Gopher"> |
| <ul class="Footer-listRow"> |
| <li class="Footer-listItem"> |
| <a href="/copyright">Copyright</a> |
| </li> |
| <li class="Footer-listItem"> |
| <a href="/tos">Terms of Service</a> |
| </li> |
| <li class="Footer-listItem"> |
| <a href="http://www.google.com/intl/en/policies/privacy/" |
| target="_blank" |
| rel="noopener"> |
| Privacy Policy |
| </a> |
| </li> |
| <li class="Footer-listItem"> |
| <a |
| href="/s/website-issue" |
| target="_blank" |
| rel="noopener" |
| > |
| Report an Issue |
| </a> |
| </li> |
| <li class="Footer-listItem go-Footer-listItem"> |
| <button class="go-Button go-Button--text go-Footer-toggleTheme js-toggleTheme" aria-label="Toggle theme"> |
| <img |
| data-value="auto" |
| class="go-Icon go-Icon--inverted" |
| height="24" |
| width="24" |
| src="/images/icons/brightness_6_gm_grey_24dp.svg" |
| alt="System theme"> |
| <img |
| data-value="dark" |
| class="go-Icon go-Icon--inverted" |
| height="24" |
| width="24" |
| src="/images/icons/brightness_2_gm_grey_24dp.svg" |
| alt="Dark theme"> |
| <img |
| data-value="light" |
| class="go-Icon go-Icon--inverted" |
| height="24" |
| width="24" |
| src="/images/icons/light_mode_gm_grey_24dp.svg" |
| alt="Light theme"> |
| </button> |
| </li> |
| </ul> |
| <a class="Footer-googleLogo" target="_blank" href="https://google.com" rel="noopener"> |
| <img class="Footer-googleLogoImg" src="/images/google-white.png" alt="Google logo"> |
| </a> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| </div> |
| <script src="/js/jquery.js"></script> |
| <script src="/js/carousels.js"></script> |
| <script src="/js/searchBox.js"></script> |
| <script src="/js/misc.js"></script> |
| <script src="/js/hats.js"></script> |
| <script src="/js/playground.js"></script> |
| <script src="/js/godocs.js"></script> |
| <script async src="/js/copypaste.js"></script> |
| </footer> |
| <section class="Cookie-notice js-cookieNotice"> |
| <div>go.dev uses cookies from Google to deliver and enhance the quality of its services and to |
| analyze traffic. <a target=_blank href="https://policies.google.com/technologies/cookies">Learn more.</a></div> |
| <div><button class="go-Button">Okay</button></div> |
| </section> |
| </body> |
| </html> |
| {{end}} |
| |
| {{define "breadcrumbnav p1 p2"}} |
| {{- if ne .p1.URL "/"}} |
| {{- breadcrumbnav (page (path.Dir (strings.TrimRight .p1.URL "/"))) .p2}} |
| {{- end}} |
| {{- if not (eq .p1.title "The Go Programming Language")}} |
| <li class="BreadcrumbNav-li {{if eq .p1.URL .p2.URL}}active{{end}}"> |
| <a class="BreadcrumbNav-link" href="{{.p1.URL}}"> |
| {{or .p1.breadcrumbTitle .p1.title}} |
| </a> |
| </li> |
| {{- end}} |
| {{- end}} |
| |
| {{define "breadcrumbs"}} |
| <ol class="SiteBreadcrumb"> |
| {{breadcrumbnav . .}} |
| </ol> |
| {{- end}} |
| |
| {{define "gopher info" -}} |
| {{- with (yaml .info)}} |
| {{- $src := "/images/gophers/wrench.svg"}} |
| {{- $alt := "Go gophers with wrench"}} |
| {{- $size := "Large"}} |
| {{- $align := "Left"}} |
| {{- $gopher := .color}} |
| {{- $sizeIn := (or .size "")}} |
| {{- if eq (.align) "right" "Right"}} |
| {{- $align = "Right"}} |
| {{- end}} |
| {{- if eq $sizeIn "XLarge" "xl" "xlarge"}} |
| {{- $size = "XLarge"}} |
| {{- end}} |
| {{- if eq $gopher "plane"}} |
| {{- $src = "/images/gophers/biplane.svg"}} |
| {{- $alt = "Go gopher in a plane"}} |
| {{- end}} |
| {{- if eq $gopher "blue"}} |
| {{- $src = "/images/gophers/blue.svg"}} |
| {{- $alt = "Go gopher"}} |
| {{- end}} |
| {{- if eq $gopher "front" "sticker1"}} |
| {{- $src = "/images/gophers/front.svg"}} |
| {{- $alt = "Go gopher"}} |
| {{- end}} |
| {{- if eq $gopher "graduate"}} |
| {{- $src = "/images/gophers/graduate.svg"}} |
| {{- $alt = "Go gopher graduating"}} |
| {{- end}} |
| {{- if eq $gopher "graduate-colorized"}} |
| {{- $src = "/images/gophers/graduate-colorized.svg"}} |
| {{- $alt = "Go gopher graduating"}} |
| {{- end}} |
| {{- if eq $gopher "green"}} |
| {{- $src = "/images/gophers/green.svg"}} |
| {{- $alt = "Go gopher"}} |
| {{- end}} |
| {{- if eq $gopher "grey" "gray"}} |
| {{- $src = "/images/gophers/grey.svg"}} |
| {{- $alt = "Go gopher"}} |
| {{- end}} |
| {{- if eq $gopher "happy" "sticker2"}} |
| {{- $src = "/images/gophers/happy.svg"}} |
| {{- $alt = "Go gopher"}} |
| {{- end}} |
| {{- if eq $gopher "headlamp"}} |
| {{- $src = "/images/gophers/headlamp.svg"}} |
| {{- $alt = "Go gopher with headlamp"}} |
| {{- end}} |
| {{- if eq $gopher "headlamp-colorized"}} |
| {{- $src = "/images/gophers/headlamp-colorized.svg"}} |
| {{- $alt = "Go gopher with headlamp"}} |
| {{- end}} |
| {{- if eq $gopher "ladder"}} |
| {{- $src = "/images/gophers/ladder.svg"}} |
| {{- $alt = "Go gopher with ladder"}} |
| {{- end}} |
| {{- if eq $gopher "machine"}} |
| {{- $src = "/images/gophers/machine.svg"}} |
| {{- $alt = "Go gophers with a machine"}} |
| {{- end}} |
| {{- if eq $gopher "machine-colorized"}} |
| {{- $src = "/images/gophers/machine-colorized.svg"}} |
| {{- $alt = "Go gopher with a machine"}} |
| {{- end}} |
| {{- if eq $gopher "megaphone"}} |
| {{- $src = "/images/gophers/megaphone.svg"}} |
| {{- $alt = "Go gopher with a megaphone"}} |
| {{- end}} |
| {{- if eq $gopher "peach"}} |
| {{- $src = "/images/gophers/peach.svg"}} |
| {{- $alt = "Go gopher"}} |
| {{- end}} |
| {{- if eq $gopher "pilot-bust"}} |
| {{- $src = "/images/gophers/pilot-bust.svg"}} |
| {{- $alt = "Go gopher pilot"}} |
| {{- end}} |
| {{- if eq $gopher "pink"}} |
| {{- $src = "/images/gophers/pink.svg"}} |
| {{- $alt = "Go gopher"}} |
| {{- end}} |
| {{- if eq $gopher "running"}} |
| {{- $src = "/images/gophers/running.svg"}} |
| {{- $alt = "Go gopher running"}} |
| {{- end}} |
| {{- if eq $gopher "slate"}} |
| {{- $src = "/images/gophers/slate.svg"}} |
| {{- $alt = "Go gopher"}} |
| {{- end}} |
| {{- if eq $gopher "wrench"}} |
| {{- $src = "/images/gophers/wrench.svg"}} |
| {{- $alt = "gopher with a wrench"}} |
| {{- end}} |
| {{- if eq $gopher "yellow"}} |
| {{- $src = "/images/gophers/yellow.svg"}} |
| {{- $alt = "Go gopher"}} |
| {{- end}} |
| {{- if eq $gopher "violet"}} |
| {{- $src = "/images/gophers/violet.svg"}} |
| {{- $alt = "Go gopher"}} |
| {{- end}} |
| {{- if eq $gopher "factory"}} |
| {{- $src = "/images/gophers/factory.png"}} |
| {{- $alt = "Go gopher factory"}} |
| {{- end}} |
| <img |
| loading="lazy" |
| class="{{$size}}Media-image {{$align}}" |
| alt="{{$alt}}" |
| src="{{$src}}"> |
| {{- end}} |
| {{- end}} |
| |
| {{define "pkg path name?" -}} |
| <a href="https://pkg.go.dev/{{.path}}?tab=overview">{{or .name .path}}</a> |
| {{- end}} |
| |
| |
| {{define "breadcrumb"}} |
| {{$elems := strings.Split (strings.Trim . "/") "/"}} |
| {{$prefix := slice $elems 0 (sub (len $elems) 1)}} |
| {{range $i, $elem := $prefix -}} |
| <a href="/{{strings.Join (slice $prefix 0 (add $i 1)) "/"}}/">{{$elem}}</a>/ |
| {{- end -}} |
| <span class="text-muted">{{strings.Join (slice $elems (len $prefix) (len $elems)) "/"}}</span> |
| {{end}} |
| |
| {{define "doclayout"}} |
| {{/* used from various subdirectory default.tmpl */}} |
| <article class="Doc Article"> |
| {{if .sidebar }} |
| <div class="Article-columns"> |
| <div class="Article-content"> |
| {{end}} |
| |
| {{if .breadcrumb}} |
| {{ breadcrumbs . }} |
| {{end}} |
| |
| {{if .title}} |
| <h1>{{.title}}</h1> |
| {{else if eq .layout "error"}} |
| <h1>Error</h1> |
| {{else if eq .layout "dir"}} |
| <h1>Directory {{breadcrumb .URL}}</h1> |
| {{else if and (eq .layout "texthtml") (strings.HasSuffix .URL ".go")}} |
| <h1>Source file {{breadcrumb .URL}}</h1> |
| {{else if eq .layout "texthtml"}} |
| <h1>Text file {{breadcrumb .URL}}</h1> |
| {{end}} |
| |
| {{with .subtitle}} |
| <h2 class="subtitle">{{.}}</h2> |
| {{end}} |
| |
| {{/* The Table of Contents is automatically inserted in this <div>. |
| Do not delete this <div>. */}} |
| {{if not .hidetoc}} |
| <div id="nav" class="TOC"></div> |
| {{end}} |
| |
| |
| {{.Content}} |
| |
| {{if .sidebar }} |
| </div> |
| {{if eq .sidebar "faq"}} |
| {{ faqsidebar .}} |
| {{else if eq .sidebar "bug"}} |
| {{ bugsidebar .}} |
| {{end}} |
| </div> |
| {{end}} |
| </article> |
| |
| {{end}} |
| |
| {{define "bugsidebar"}} |
| <aside class="Sidebar"> |
| <h4>Report Issues</h4> |
| <p>If you spot bugs, mistakes, or inconsistencies in the Go project's code or documentation, please let us know by filing a ticket on our <a href="https://github.com/golang/go/issues">issue tracker.</a> Of course, you should check it's not an existing issue before creating a new one.</p> |
| <a class="btn" href="https://github.com/golang/go/issues">Filing a ticket</a> |
| </aside> |
| {{end}} |
| |
| {{define "faqsidebar"}} |
| <aside class="Sidebar Sidebar-faq"> |
| <h4>Release Notes</h4> |
| <p>Learn about what's new in each Go release.</p> |
| <a class="link" href="/doc/devel/release">View release notes</a> |
| |
| <h4>Code of Conduct</h4> |
| <p>Guidelines for participating in Go community spaces and reporting process for handing issues.</p> |
| <a class="link" href="/conduct">View more</a> |
| |
| <h4>Brand Guidelines</h4> |
| <p>Guidance about reusing the Go logo, gopher mascot, etc.</p> |
| <a class="link" href="/blog/go-brand">View guidelines</a> |
| |
| <h4>Contribute Guide</h4> |
| <p>Learn how to file bugs, pull requests, or otherwise contribute to the Go ecosystem.</p> |
| <a class="link" href="/doc/contribute">View guide</a> |
| |
| <h4>Get connected</h4> |
| <div class="Sidebar-socialLinks"> |
| <a href="https://twitter.com/golang" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"> |
| <img width="15" height="12" src="/images/icons/twitter.svg" aria-hidden="true" /> |
| </a> |
| <a href="https://www.reddit.com/r/golang/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"> |
| <img width="16" height="16" src="/images/icons/reddit.svg" aria-hidden="true" /> |
| </a> |
| <a href="https://github.com/golang" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"> |
| <img width="16" height="16" src="/images/icons/github.svg" aria-hidden="true" /> |
| </a> |
| <a href="https://gophers.slack.com/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"> |
| <img width="16" height="16" src="/images/icons/slack.svg" aria-hidden="true" /> |
| </a> |
| </div> |
| </aside> |
| {{end}} |
