_content/talks/2014/state-of-go.slide - website - Git at Google

 The State of Go
 Where we are in June 2014

 Andrew Gerrand

 * Yesterday


 * Initial reception

 Looking back on the first months.


 * Complaints

 The complaints started right away…

 .image state-of-go/msg-wrong.png _ 600

 .image state-of-go/msg-lacks.png _ 600


 * Familiar complaints

 .image state-of-go/msg-generics.png _ 600

 .image state-of-go/msg-type.png _ 600

 .image state-of-go/msg-exceptions1b.png _ 600


 * Familiar complaints

 .image state-of-go/indent.png 500 _

 The first HN thread about Go was mostly an argument about braces and indentation.


 * Historic moments

 The first public language change (Dec 10, 2009):

 .image state-of-go/msg-semi.png _ 400


 * The gopher

 .image state-of-go/msg-logo1.png _ 800

 .image state-of-go/sadgopher.png _ 250


 * The gopher

 .image state-of-go/msg-logo2.png _ 800


 * The gopher

 .image state-of-go/msg-logo3.jpg _ 700


 * A keen observation

 .image state-of-go/msg-exceptions2.png _ 800


 * Signs of hope

 .image state-of-go/msg-nogenerics.png _ 600


 * Today


 * Growth

 .image state-of-go/redmonk.png _ 600

 .image state-of-go/oloh.png


 * User groups

 Today there are 48 active user groups in 15 countries across 5 continents.


 * GopherCon

 .image state-of-go/gophercon.png

 Community-driven. 3 days. 700 attendees. 24 talks. 1 panel. 4 hours of lightning talks!


 * The gopher

 .image state-of-go/gophers.jpg

 * The gopher

 .image state-of-go/bus.jpg

 * The gopher

 .image state-of-go/tattoo.jpg


 * Go 1.3

 Released last Wednesday, 18 June 2014.

 Highlights:

 - Native Client support (amd64, 386)
 - DragonFly BSD, Plan 9, and Solaris support
 - Improved performance (GC, contiguous stacks, race detector, regexp)
 - Faster incremental builds (linker overhaul)
 - Precise GC of stacks
 - Static analysis in godoc


 * Tomorrow


 * Upcoming conferences

 .image state-of-go/dotgo.png

 .image state-of-go/india.png


 * Go 1.4

 Due December 1st, 2014.

 What might be in it? (Speculative list follows.)


 * New language features

 Nope.


 * Canonical import paths

 A means for a repository to specify its canonical import path.

 Goal: stop people from checking out repos from the wrong path.

 Applications:

 - Stable vanity import paths.

 	"camlistore.org" -> "camlistore.googlesource.com/camlistore"

 - Make GitHub's fork model less painful.

 (Proposal forthcoming.)


 * Internal packages

 Current proposal:

 "An import of a path containing the element “internal” is disallowed if the importing code is outside the tree rooted at the parent of the “internal” directory."

 - Code in `/a/b/c/internal/d/e/f` can be imported only by code in the directory tree rooted at `/a/b/c`.
 - `$GOROOT/src/pkg/internal/xxx` can be imported only by other code in the standard library (`$GOROOT/src/`).

 And, later:

 - `$GOPATH/src/mypkg/internal/foo` can be imported only by code in `$GOPATH/src/mypkg`.

 .link http://golang.org/s/go14internal


 * src/pkg → src

 Move the standard library from `$GOROOT/src/pkg` to `$GOROOT/src`.

 Basically makes `$GOROOT` work just like `$GOPATH`.

 (Not a big deal for most, but a nice clean up for the core.)

 .link http://golang.org/s/go14nopkg


 * File system access throttling

 Throttling of access to the file system at the `os` package level.

 Goal:

 - Launch a million goroutines that do file system stuff.
 - Don't launch a million operating system threads to block on the syscalls.

 Make it work just as nicely as it does with the network.

 (Proposal forthcoming.)


 * "go generate"

 A convenience for generating Go source code. Example uses:

 - yacc: generating .go files from yacc grammar (.y) files
 - protobufs: generating .pb.go files from protocol buffer definition (.proto) files
 - HTML: embedding .html files into Go source code
 - Other ideas abound…

 Proposed mechanism:

 Add generator directive in Go source files:

 	//go:generate yacc -o gopher.go gopher.y

 Use the Go tool to execute the directives:

 	% go generate [packagepath]

 (Proposal forthcoming.)


 * More tool chain work

 - `cmd/go` support for `gccgo`
 - `cmd/go` support for embedded data files
 - Race detector improvements

 The transition from C to Go continues:

 - Linker rewritten in Go (`cmd/link`)
 - Assembler rewritten in Go (`cmd/asm`)
 - Possibly: `cmd/gc` translated to Go


 * Better GC and malloc

 - The existing allocator is based on TCMalloc (designed for C/C++). It can be re-designed to better suit Go.
 - Lighter representation and colocation of GC metadata.
 - Various strategies for reducing GC pause time (concurrent sweep, etc).

 Rough estimate: 10-20% overall speedup, 20-50% GC pause reduction, 5-10% RSS reduction.

 Details:

 .link http://golang.org/s/go14mallocgc

 * Other runtime changes

 Concurrency improvements:

 - Lock-free fast path for non-blocking receive from empty channel.
 - Rewrite select to hold only one channel lock at a time.

 C to Go:

 - G-stack runtime converted to Go.


 * Package changes

 - Easier structuring features in `text/template`
 - Bring `reflect.Value` back to 3 words
 - Fix embedded field visibility (`reflect`)
 - Safe version of `encoding/gob`
 - Unicode 7 support


 * Ports

 - Native Client `arm`
 - PowerPC 64
 - ARM64


 * Go support for Android

 Go support for the NDK. (Like C/C++ today, but better!)

 Goal: enough support for writing games.

 Based on the work of Elias Naur and others in the community.

 .link http://golang.org/s/go14android


 * More

 .link http://golang.org/s/go14todo


 * Questions?
	The State of Go
	Where we are in June 2014

	Andrew Gerrand

	* Yesterday


	* Initial reception

	Looking back on the first months.


	* Complaints

	The complaints started right away…

	.image state-of-go/msg-wrong.png _ 600

	.image state-of-go/msg-lacks.png _ 600


	* Familiar complaints

	.image state-of-go/msg-generics.png _ 600

	.image state-of-go/msg-type.png _ 600

	.image state-of-go/msg-exceptions1b.png _ 600


	* Familiar complaints

	.image state-of-go/indent.png 500 _

	The first HN thread about Go was mostly an argument about braces and indentation.


	* Historic moments

	The first public language change (Dec 10, 2009):

	.image state-of-go/msg-semi.png _ 400


	* The gopher

	.image state-of-go/msg-logo1.png _ 800

	.image state-of-go/sadgopher.png _ 250


	* The gopher

	.image state-of-go/msg-logo2.png _ 800


	* The gopher

	.image state-of-go/msg-logo3.jpg _ 700


	* A keen observation

	.image state-of-go/msg-exceptions2.png _ 800


	* Signs of hope

	.image state-of-go/msg-nogenerics.png _ 600


	* Today


	* Growth

	.image state-of-go/redmonk.png _ 600

	.image state-of-go/oloh.png


	* User groups

	Today there are 48 active user groups in 15 countries across 5 continents.


	* GopherCon

	.image state-of-go/gophercon.png

	Community-driven. 3 days. 700 attendees. 24 talks. 1 panel. 4 hours of lightning talks!


	* The gopher

	.image state-of-go/gophers.jpg

	* The gopher

	.image state-of-go/bus.jpg

	* The gopher

	.image state-of-go/tattoo.jpg


	* Go 1.3

	Released last Wednesday, 18 June 2014.

	Highlights:

	- Native Client support (amd64, 386)
	- DragonFly BSD, Plan 9, and Solaris support
	- Improved performance (GC, contiguous stacks, race detector, regexp)
	- Faster incremental builds (linker overhaul)
	- Precise GC of stacks
	- Static analysis in godoc


	* Tomorrow


	* Upcoming conferences

	.image state-of-go/dotgo.png

	.image state-of-go/india.png


	* Go 1.4

	Due December 1st, 2014.

	What might be in it? (Speculative list follows.)


	* New language features

	Nope.


	* Canonical import paths

	A means for a repository to specify its canonical import path.

	Goal: stop people from checking out repos from the wrong path.

	Applications:

	- Stable vanity import paths.

	"camlistore.org" -> "camlistore.googlesource.com/camlistore"

	- Make GitHub's fork model less painful.

	(Proposal forthcoming.)


	* Internal packages

	Current proposal:

	"An import of a path containing the element “internal” is disallowed if the importing code is outside the tree rooted at the parent of the “internal” directory."

	- Code in `/a/b/c/internal/d/e/f` can be imported only by code in the directory tree rooted at `/a/b/c`.
	- `$GOROOT/src/pkg/internal/xxx` can be imported only by other code in the standard library (`$GOROOT/src/`).

	And, later:

	- `$GOPATH/src/mypkg/internal/foo` can be imported only by code in `$GOPATH/src/mypkg`.

	.link http://golang.org/s/go14internal


	* src/pkg → src

	Move the standard library from `$GOROOT/src/pkg` to `$GOROOT/src`.

	Basically makes `$GOROOT` work just like `$GOPATH`.

	(Not a big deal for most, but a nice clean up for the core.)

	.link http://golang.org/s/go14nopkg


	* File system access throttling

	Throttling of access to the file system at the `os` package level.

	Goal:

	- Launch a million goroutines that do file system stuff.
	- Don't launch a million operating system threads to block on the syscalls.

	Make it work just as nicely as it does with the network.

	(Proposal forthcoming.)


	* "go generate"

	A convenience for generating Go source code. Example uses:

	- yacc: generating .go files from yacc grammar (.y) files
	- protobufs: generating .pb.go files from protocol buffer definition (.proto) files
	- HTML: embedding .html files into Go source code
	- Other ideas abound…

	Proposed mechanism:

	Add generator directive in Go source files:

	//go:generate yacc -o gopher.go gopher.y

	Use the Go tool to execute the directives:

	% go generate [packagepath]

	(Proposal forthcoming.)


	* More tool chain work

	- `cmd/go` support for `gccgo`
	- `cmd/go` support for embedded data files
	- Race detector improvements

	The transition from C to Go continues:

	- Linker rewritten in Go (`cmd/link`)
	- Assembler rewritten in Go (`cmd/asm`)
	- Possibly: `cmd/gc` translated to Go


	* Better GC and malloc

	- The existing allocator is based on TCMalloc (designed for C/C++). It can be re-designed to better suit Go.
	- Lighter representation and colocation of GC metadata.
	- Various strategies for reducing GC pause time (concurrent sweep, etc).

	Rough estimate: 10-20% overall speedup, 20-50% GC pause reduction, 5-10% RSS reduction.

	Details:

	.link http://golang.org/s/go14mallocgc

	* Other runtime changes

	Concurrency improvements:

	- Lock-free fast path for non-blocking receive from empty channel.
	- Rewrite select to hold only one channel lock at a time.

	C to Go:

	- G-stack runtime converted to Go.


	* Package changes

	- Easier structuring features in `text/template`
	- Bring `reflect.Value` back to 3 words
	- Fix embedded field visibility (`reflect`)
	- Safe version of `encoding/gob`
	- Unicode 7 support


	* Ports

	- Native Client `arm`
	- PowerPC 64
	- ARM64


	* Go support for Android

	Go support for the NDK. (Like C/C++ today, but better!)

	Goal: enough support for writing games.

	Based on the work of Elias Naur and others in the community.

	.link http://golang.org/s/go14android


	* More

	.link http://golang.org/s/go14todo


	* Questions?