cmd/cve/main.go - vulndb - Git at Google

 // Copyright 2022 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
 // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
 // license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

 // Command cve provides utilities for managing CVE IDs and CVE Records via the
 // MITRE CVE Services API.
 package main

 import (
 	"bufio"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
 	"flag"
 	"fmt"
 	"log"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"regexp"
 	"strings"
 	"time"

 	"github.com/google/go-cmp/cmp"
 	"golang.org/x/vulndb/internal/cveclient"
 	"golang.org/x/vulndb/internal/cveschema5"
 )

 var (
 	apiKey = flag.String("key",
 		os.Getenv("CVE_API_KEY"), "key for accessing the CVE API (can also be set via env var CVE_API_KEY)")
 	apiUser = flag.String("user",
 		os.Getenv("CVE_API_USER"), "username for accessing the CVE API (can also be set via env var CVE_API_USER)")
 	testApiKey = flag.String("test-key",
 		os.Getenv("TEST_CVE_API_KEY"), "key for accessing the CVE API in test env (can also be set via env var TEST_CVE_API_KEY)")
 	testApiUser = flag.String("test-user",
 		os.Getenv("TEST_CVE_API_USER"), "username for accessing the CVE API in test env (can also be set via env var TEST_CVE_API_USER)")
 	apiOrg = flag.String("org",
 		"Go", "organization name for accessing the CVE API")
 	// Note: the cve tool does not currently support the dev endpoint as there
 	// is no clear use case for us.
 	test = flag.Bool("test", false, "whether to access the CVE API in the test environment")

 	// flags for the reserve command
 	reserveN          = flag.Int("n", 1, "reserve: the number of new CVE IDs to reserve")
 	reserveSequential = flag.Bool("seq", true, "reserve: if true, reserve new CVE ID batches in sequence")

 	// flags for the list command
 	listState = flag.String("state", "", "list: filter by CVE state (RESERVED, PUBLISHED, or REJECTED)")

 	// flags that apply to multiple commands
 	year = flag.Int("year", 0, "reserve: the CVE ID year for newly reserved CVE IDs (default is current year)\nlist: filter by the year in the CVE ID")
 )

 func main() {
 	out := flag.CommandLine.Output()
 	flag.Usage = func() {
 		fmt.Fprintln(out, "Command cve provides utilities for managing CVE IDs and CVE Records via the MITRE CVE Services API")
 		formatCmd := "    %s: %s\n"
 		fmt.Fprintf(out, "usage: cve [-key] [-user] [-org] [-test] <cmd> ...\n  commands:\n")
 		fmt.Fprintf(out, formatCmd, "[-n] [-seq] [-year] reserve", "reserves new CVE IDs")
 		fmt.Fprintf(out, formatCmd, "quota", "outputs the CVE ID quota of the authenticated organization")
 		fmt.Fprintf(out, formatCmd, "id {cve-id}", "outputs details on an assigned CVE ID (CVE-YYYY-NNNN)")
 		fmt.Fprintf(out, formatCmd, "record {cve-id}", "outputs the record associated with a CVE ID (CVE-YYYY-NNNN)")
 		fmt.Fprintf(out, formatCmd, "publish [{filename} | {issue ID}]", "publishes or updates a CVE Record from a YAML/JSON file or issue ID")
 		fmt.Fprintf(out, formatCmd, "org", "outputs details on the authenticated organization")
 		fmt.Fprintf(out, formatCmd, "[-year] [-state] list", "lists all CVE IDs for an organization")
 		flag.PrintDefaults()
 	}

 	flag.Parse()
 	if flag.NArg() < 1 {
 		logFatalUsageErr("cve", fmt.Errorf("must provide subcommand"))
 	}

 	c := cveclient.New(*cfgFromFlags())

 	cmd := flag.Arg(0)
 	switch cmd {
 	case "help":
 		flag.Usage()
 	case "reserve":
 		year := *year
 		if year == 0 {
 			year = currentYear()
 		}
 		mode := cveclient.SequentialRequest
 		if !*reserveSequential {
 			mode = cveclient.NonsequentialRequest
 		}
 		if err := reserve(c, cveclient.ReserveOptions{
 			NumIDs: *reserveN,
 			Year:   year,
 			Mode:   mode,
 		}); err != nil {
 			log.Fatalf("cve reserve: could not reserve any new CVEs due to error:\n  %v", err)
 		}
 	case "quota":
 		if err := quota(c); err != nil {
 			log.Fatalf("cve quota: could not retrieve quota info due to error:\n  %v", err)
 		}
 	case "id":
 		id, err := validateID(flag.Arg(1))
 		if err != nil {
 			logFatalUsageErr("cve id", err)
 		}
 		if err := lookupID(c, id); err != nil {
 			log.Fatalf("cve id: could not retrieve CVE IDs due to error:\n  %v", err)
 		}
 	case "record":
 		id, err := validateID(flag.Arg(1))
 		if err != nil {
 			logFatalUsageErr("cve record", err)
 		}
 		if err := lookupRecord(c, id); err != nil {
 			log.Fatalf("cve record: could not retrieve CVE record due to error:\n  %v", err)
 		}
 	case "publish":
 		args := flag.Args()[1:]
 		if len(args) == 0 {
 			logFatalUsageErr("cve publish", errors.New("must provide filename or issue ID"))
 		}
 		for _, arg := range args {
 			filename, err := argToFilename(arg)
 			if err != nil {
 				logFatalUsageErr("cve publish", err)
 			}
 			if !strings.HasSuffix(filename, ".json") && !strings.HasSuffix(filename, ".yaml") {
 				logFatalUsageErr("cve publish", errors.New("filename must end in '.json' or '.yaml'"))
 			}
 			if err := publish(c, filename); err != nil {
 				log.Printf("cve publish: could not publish CVE record due to error:\n %v", err)
 			}
 		}
 	case "org":
 		if err := lookupOrg(c); err != nil {
 			log.Fatalf("cve org: could not retrieve org info due to error:\n  %v", err)
 		}
 	case "list":
 		// TODO(http://go.dev/issues/53258): allow time-based filters via flags.
 		var filters *cveclient.ListOptions
 		if *listState != "" || *year != 0 {
 			filters = new(cveclient.ListOptions)
 			state, err := validateState(*listState)
 			if err != nil {
 				logFatalUsageErr("cve list", err)
 			}
 			filters.State = state
 			filters.Year = *year
 		}
 		if err := list(c, filters); err != nil {
 			log.Fatalf("cve list: could not retrieve CVE IDs due to error:\n  %v", err)
 		}
 	default:
 		logFatalUsageErr("cve", fmt.Errorf("unsupported command: %q", cmd))
 	}
 }

 func logFatalUsageErr(context string, err error) {
 	flag.Usage()
 	log.Fatalf("%s: %s\n", context, err)
 }

 func currentYear() int {
 	year, _, _ := time.Now().Date()
 	return year
 }

 func cfgFromFlags() *cveclient.Config {
 	if *test {
 		if *testApiKey == "" {
 			logFatalUsageErr("cve", errors.New("the test CVE API key (flag -test-key or env var TEST_CVE_API_KEY) must be set in test env"))
 		}
 		if *testApiUser == "" {
 			logFatalUsageErr("cve", errors.New("the test CVE API user (flag -test-user or env var TEST_CVE_API_USER) must be set in test env"))
 		}
 		return &cveclient.Config{
 			Endpoint: cveclient.TestEndpoint,
 			Key:      *testApiKey,
 			Org:      *apiOrg,
 			User:     *testApiUser,
 		}
 	}

 	if *apiKey == "" {
 		logFatalUsageErr("cve", errors.New("the CVE API key (flag -key or env var CVE_API_KEY) must be set in prod env"))
 	}
 	if *apiUser == "" {
 		logFatalUsageErr("cve", errors.New("the CVE API user (flag -user or env var CVE_API_USER) must be set in prod env"))
 	}
 	return &cveclient.Config{
 		Endpoint: cveclient.ProdEndpoint,
 		Key:      *apiKey,
 		Org:      *apiOrg,
 		User:     *apiUser,
 	}
 }

 func validateID(id string) (string, error) {
 	if id == "" {
 		return "", errors.New("CVE ID must be provided")
 	}
 	if !cveschema5.IsCVE(id) {
 		return "", fmt.Errorf("%q is not a valid CVE ID", id)
 	}
 	return id, nil
 }

 var stateRegex = regexp.MustCompile(`^(RESERVED|PUBLISHED|REJECTED)$`)

 func validateState(state string) (string, error) {
 	if state != "" && !stateRegex.MatchString(state) {
 		return "", fmt.Errorf("state must match regex %v", stateRegex)
 	}
 	return state, nil
 }

 func reserve(c *cveclient.Client, opts cveclient.ReserveOptions) error {
 	cves, err := c.ReserveIDs(opts)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	cvesReserved := len(cves)
 	if cvesReserved < opts.NumIDs {
 		fmt.Printf("warning: only %d of %d requested CVE IDs were reserved\n",
 			len(cves), opts.NumIDs)
 	}
 	fmt.Println(cves.ShortString())
 	return nil
 }

 func quota(c *cveclient.Client) error {
 	quota, err := c.RetrieveQuota()
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	fmt.Printf("quota info for org %q:\n  quota: %d\n  total reserved: %d\n  available:  %d\n", c.Org, quota.Quota, quota.Reserved, quota.Available)
 	return nil
 }

 func lookupOrg(c *cveclient.Client) error {
 	org, err := c.RetrieveOrg()
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	fmt.Printf("org name: %q\nshort name: %q\nuuid: %s\n", org.Name, org.ShortName, org.UUID)
 	return nil
 }

 func lookupID(c *cveclient.Client, id string) error {
 	assigned, err := c.RetrieveID(id)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	// Display the retrieved CVE ID metadata.
 	fmt.Println(assigned)
 	return nil
 }

 // toJSON converts a struct into a JSON string.
 // If JSON marshal fails, it falls back to fmt.Sprint.
 func toJSON(v any) string {
 	s, err := json.Marshal(v)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Sprint(v)
 	}
 	return string(s)
 }

 func lookupRecord(c *cveclient.Client, id string) error {
 	record, err := c.RetrieveRecord(id)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	// Display the retrieved CVE record.
 	fmt.Println(toJSON(record))
 	return nil
 }

 func argToFilename(arg string) (string, error) {
 	if arg == "" {
 		return "", errors.New("filename or issue ID must be provided")
 	}
 	if _, err := os.Stat(arg); err != nil {
 		// If arg isn't a file, see if it might be an issue ID
 		// with an existing CVE record.
 		for _, padding := range []string{"", "0", "00", "000"} {
 			m, _ := filepath.Glob("data/cve/v5/GO-*-" + padding + arg + ".json")
 			if len(m) == 1 {
 				return m[0], nil
 			}
 		}
 		return "", fmt.Errorf("%s is not a valid filename or issue ID with existing record", arg)
 	}
 	return arg, nil
 }

 func publish(c *cveclient.Client, filename string) (err error) {
 	if !strings.HasSuffix(filename, ".json") {
 		return errors.New("filename must end in '.json'")
 	}

 	cveID, toPublish, err := cveschema5.ReadForPublish(filename)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}

 	// Determine if the record should be created or updated.
 	assigned, err := c.RetrieveID(cveID)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}

 	var (
 		publish func(string, *cveschema5.Containers) (*cveschema5.CVERecord, error)
 		action  string
 	)
 	switch state := assigned.State; state {
 	case cveschema5.StatePublished:
 		existing, err := c.RetrieveRecord(cveID)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 		fmt.Printf("%s is published at %s\n", cveID, c.WebURL(cveID))
 		if diff := cmp.Diff(existing.Containers, *toPublish); diff != "" {
 			fmt.Printf("publish would update record with diff (-existing, +new):\n%s\n", diff)
 			// The CVE program sometimes adds references to CVEs, so we need
 			// to make sure we don't accidentally delete them.
 			handleDeleted(existing, toPublish, filename)
 		} else {
 			fmt.Println("updating record would have no effect, skipping")
 			return nil
 		}
 		publish = c.UpdateRecord
 		action = "update"
 	case cveschema5.StateReserved:
 		fmt.Printf("publish would create new record for %s\n", cveID)
 		publish = c.CreateRecord
 		action = "create"
 	default:
 		return fmt.Errorf("publishing a %s record is not supported", state)
 	}

 	reader := bufio.NewReader(os.Stdin)
 	fmt.Printf("%s record for %s? (y/N)\n", action, cveID)
 	text, _ := reader.ReadString('\n')
 	if text != "y\n" {
 		fmt.Printf("exiting without %sing record\n", strings.TrimSuffix(action, "e"))
 		return nil
 	}

 	_, err = publish(cveID, toPublish)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}

 	fmt.Printf("successfully %sd record for %s at %s\n", action, cveID, c.WebURL(cveID))

 	return nil
 }

 func handleDeleted(existing *cveschema5.CVERecord, toPublish *cveschema5.Containers, filename string) {
 	deleted := findDeleted(existing.Containers.CNAContainer.References, toPublish.CNAContainer.References)
 	if len(deleted) > 0 {
 		goID := strings.TrimSuffix(filepath.Base(filename), filepath.Ext(filename))
 		yamlReportFile := fmt.Sprintf("data/reports/%s.yaml", goID)
 		// To preserve an externally-added reference, add it to
 		// cve_metadata.references. An example is GO-2022-0476.
 		// This warning may be spurious if a reference is deleted from
 		// a YAML report - in this case it should be ignored.
 		fmt.Printf(
 			`!! WARNING !!
 updating record would delete %[1]d reference(s) that may have been added by the CVE program;
 to preserve these references, add references to %[2]s and run "vulnreport fix %[2]s":

 cve_metadata:
     ...
     references:
         ...
         - %[3]s

 only update now if this warning is spurious (i.e., the records were deleted on purpose)
 `, len(deleted), yamlReportFile, strings.Join(deleted, "\n        - "))
 	}
 }

 // findDeleted returns a list of URLs in oldRefs that are not in newRefs.
 func findDeleted(oldRefs []cveschema5.Reference, newRefs []cveschema5.Reference) (deleted []string) {
 	m := make(map[string]bool)
 	for _, r := range newRefs {
 		m[r.URL] = true
 	}
 	for _, r := range oldRefs {
 		if !m[r.URL] {
 			deleted = append(deleted, r.URL)
 		}
 	}
 	return deleted
 }

 func list(c *cveclient.Client, lf *cveclient.ListOptions) error {
 	cves, err := c.ListOrgCVEs(lf)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	var filterString string
 	if lf != nil {
 		filterString = fmt.Sprintf(" with filters %s", lf)
 	}
 	if n := len(cves); n > 0 {
 		fmt.Printf("found %d CVE IDs for org %q%s:\n%v\n", n, c.Org, filterString, cves)
 	} else {
 		fmt.Printf("found no CVE IDs for org %q%s\n", c.Org, filterString)
 	}
 	return nil
 }
	// Copyright 2022 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
	// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
	// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

	// Command cve provides utilities for managing CVE IDs and CVE Records via the
	// MITRE CVE Services API.
	package main

	import (
	"bufio"
	"encoding/json"
	"errors"
	"flag"
	"fmt"
	"log"
	"os"
	"path/filepath"
	"regexp"
	"strings"
	"time"

	"github.com/google/go-cmp/cmp"
	"golang.org/x/vulndb/internal/cveclient"
	"golang.org/x/vulndb/internal/cveschema5"
	)

	var (
	apiKey = flag.String("key",
	os.Getenv("CVE_API_KEY"), "key for accessing the CVE API (can also be set via env var CVE_API_KEY)")
	apiUser = flag.String("user",
	os.Getenv("CVE_API_USER"), "username for accessing the CVE API (can also be set via env var CVE_API_USER)")
	testApiKey = flag.String("test-key",
	os.Getenv("TEST_CVE_API_KEY"), "key for accessing the CVE API in test env (can also be set via env var TEST_CVE_API_KEY)")
	testApiUser = flag.String("test-user",
	os.Getenv("TEST_CVE_API_USER"), "username for accessing the CVE API in test env (can also be set via env var TEST_CVE_API_USER)")
	apiOrg = flag.String("org",
	"Go", "organization name for accessing the CVE API")
	// Note: the cve tool does not currently support the dev endpoint as there
	// is no clear use case for us.
	test = flag.Bool("test", false, "whether to access the CVE API in the test environment")

	// flags for the reserve command
	reserveN = flag.Int("n", 1, "reserve: the number of new CVE IDs to reserve")
	reserveSequential = flag.Bool("seq", true, "reserve: if true, reserve new CVE ID batches in sequence")

	// flags for the list command
	listState = flag.String("state", "", "list: filter by CVE state (RESERVED, PUBLISHED, or REJECTED)")

	// flags that apply to multiple commands
	year = flag.Int("year", 0, "reserve: the CVE ID year for newly reserved CVE IDs (default is current year)\nlist: filter by the year in the CVE ID")
	)

	func main() {
	out := flag.CommandLine.Output()
	flag.Usage = func() {
	fmt.Fprintln(out, "Command cve provides utilities for managing CVE IDs and CVE Records via the MITRE CVE Services API")
	formatCmd := " %s: %s\n"
	fmt.Fprintf(out, "usage: cve [-key] [-user] [-org] [-test] <cmd> ...\n commands:\n")
	fmt.Fprintf(out, formatCmd, "[-n] [-seq] [-year] reserve", "reserves new CVE IDs")
	fmt.Fprintf(out, formatCmd, "quota", "outputs the CVE ID quota of the authenticated organization")
	fmt.Fprintf(out, formatCmd, "id {cve-id}", "outputs details on an assigned CVE ID (CVE-YYYY-NNNN)")
	fmt.Fprintf(out, formatCmd, "record {cve-id}", "outputs the record associated with a CVE ID (CVE-YYYY-NNNN)")
	fmt.Fprintf(out, formatCmd, "publish [{filename} \| {issue ID}]", "publishes or updates a CVE Record from a YAML/JSON file or issue ID")
	fmt.Fprintf(out, formatCmd, "org", "outputs details on the authenticated organization")
	fmt.Fprintf(out, formatCmd, "[-year] [-state] list", "lists all CVE IDs for an organization")
	flag.PrintDefaults()
	}

	flag.Parse()
	if flag.NArg() < 1 {
	logFatalUsageErr("cve", fmt.Errorf("must provide subcommand"))
	}

	c := cveclient.New(*cfgFromFlags())

	cmd := flag.Arg(0)
	switch cmd {
	case "help":
	flag.Usage()
	case "reserve":
	year := *year
	if year == 0 {
	year = currentYear()
	}
	mode := cveclient.SequentialRequest
	if !*reserveSequential {
	mode = cveclient.NonsequentialRequest
	}
	if err := reserve(c, cveclient.ReserveOptions{
	NumIDs: *reserveN,
	Year: year,
	Mode: mode,
	}); err != nil {
	log.Fatalf("cve reserve: could not reserve any new CVEs due to error:\n %v", err)
	}
	case "quota":
	if err := quota(c); err != nil {
	log.Fatalf("cve quota: could not retrieve quota info due to error:\n %v", err)
	}
	case "id":
	id, err := validateID(flag.Arg(1))
	if err != nil {
	logFatalUsageErr("cve id", err)
	}
	if err := lookupID(c, id); err != nil {
	log.Fatalf("cve id: could not retrieve CVE IDs due to error:\n %v", err)
	}
	case "record":
	id, err := validateID(flag.Arg(1))
	if err != nil {
	logFatalUsageErr("cve record", err)
	}
	if err := lookupRecord(c, id); err != nil {
	log.Fatalf("cve record: could not retrieve CVE record due to error:\n %v", err)
	}
	case "publish":
	args := flag.Args()[1:]
	if len(args) == 0 {
	logFatalUsageErr("cve publish", errors.New("must provide filename or issue ID"))
	}
	for _, arg := range args {
	filename, err := argToFilename(arg)
	if err != nil {
	logFatalUsageErr("cve publish", err)
	}
	if !strings.HasSuffix(filename, ".json") && !strings.HasSuffix(filename, ".yaml") {
	logFatalUsageErr("cve publish", errors.New("filename must end in '.json' or '.yaml'"))
	}
	if err := publish(c, filename); err != nil {
	log.Printf("cve publish: could not publish CVE record due to error:\n %v", err)
	}
	}
	case "org":
	if err := lookupOrg(c); err != nil {
	log.Fatalf("cve org: could not retrieve org info due to error:\n %v", err)
	}
	case "list":
	// TODO(http://go.dev/issues/53258): allow time-based filters via flags.
	var filters *cveclient.ListOptions
	if listState != "" \|\| year != 0 {
	filters = new(cveclient.ListOptions)
	state, err := validateState(*listState)
	if err != nil {
	logFatalUsageErr("cve list", err)
	}
	filters.State = state
	filters.Year = *year
	}
	if err := list(c, filters); err != nil {
	log.Fatalf("cve list: could not retrieve CVE IDs due to error:\n %v", err)
	}
	default:
	logFatalUsageErr("cve", fmt.Errorf("unsupported command: %q", cmd))
	}
	}

	func logFatalUsageErr(context string, err error) {
	flag.Usage()
	log.Fatalf("%s: %s\n", context, err)
	}

	func currentYear() int {
	year, _, _ := time.Now().Date()
	return year
	}

	func cfgFromFlags() *cveclient.Config {
	if *test {
	if *testApiKey == "" {
	logFatalUsageErr("cve", errors.New("the test CVE API key (flag -test-key or env var TEST_CVE_API_KEY) must be set in test env"))
	}
	if *testApiUser == "" {
	logFatalUsageErr("cve", errors.New("the test CVE API user (flag -test-user or env var TEST_CVE_API_USER) must be set in test env"))
	}
	return &cveclient.Config{
	Endpoint: cveclient.TestEndpoint,
	Key: *testApiKey,
	Org: *apiOrg,
	User: *testApiUser,
	}
	}

	if *apiKey == "" {
	logFatalUsageErr("cve", errors.New("the CVE API key (flag -key or env var CVE_API_KEY) must be set in prod env"))
	}
	if *apiUser == "" {
	logFatalUsageErr("cve", errors.New("the CVE API user (flag -user or env var CVE_API_USER) must be set in prod env"))
	}
	return &cveclient.Config{
	Endpoint: cveclient.ProdEndpoint,
	Key: *apiKey,
	Org: *apiOrg,
	User: *apiUser,
	}
	}

	func validateID(id string) (string, error) {
	if id == "" {
	return "", errors.New("CVE ID must be provided")
	}
	if !cveschema5.IsCVE(id) {
	return "", fmt.Errorf("%q is not a valid CVE ID", id)
	}
	return id, nil
	}

	var stateRegex = regexp.MustCompile(`^(RESERVED\|PUBLISHED\|REJECTED)$`)

	func validateState(state string) (string, error) {
	if state != "" && !stateRegex.MatchString(state) {
	return "", fmt.Errorf("state must match regex %v", stateRegex)
	}
	return state, nil
	}

	func reserve(c *cveclient.Client, opts cveclient.ReserveOptions) error {
	cves, err := c.ReserveIDs(opts)
	if err != nil {
	return err
	}
	cvesReserved := len(cves)
	if cvesReserved < opts.NumIDs {
	fmt.Printf("warning: only %d of %d requested CVE IDs were reserved\n",
	len(cves), opts.NumIDs)
	}
	fmt.Println(cves.ShortString())
	return nil
	}

	func quota(c *cveclient.Client) error {
	quota, err := c.RetrieveQuota()
	if err != nil {
	return err
	}
	fmt.Printf("quota info for org %q:\n quota: %d\n total reserved: %d\n available: %d\n", c.Org, quota.Quota, quota.Reserved, quota.Available)
	return nil
	}

	func lookupOrg(c *cveclient.Client) error {
	org, err := c.RetrieveOrg()
	if err != nil {
	return err
	}
	fmt.Printf("org name: %q\nshort name: %q\nuuid: %s\n", org.Name, org.ShortName, org.UUID)
	return nil
	}

	func lookupID(c *cveclient.Client, id string) error {
	assigned, err := c.RetrieveID(id)
	if err != nil {
	return err
	}
	// Display the retrieved CVE ID metadata.
	fmt.Println(assigned)
	return nil
	}

	// toJSON converts a struct into a JSON string.
	// If JSON marshal fails, it falls back to fmt.Sprint.
	func toJSON(v any) string {
	s, err := json.Marshal(v)
	if err != nil {
	return fmt.Sprint(v)
	}
	return string(s)
	}

	func lookupRecord(c *cveclient.Client, id string) error {
	record, err := c.RetrieveRecord(id)
	if err != nil {
	return err
	}
	// Display the retrieved CVE record.
	fmt.Println(toJSON(record))
	return nil
	}

	func argToFilename(arg string) (string, error) {
	if arg == "" {
	return "", errors.New("filename or issue ID must be provided")
	}
	if _, err := os.Stat(arg); err != nil {
	// If arg isn't a file, see if it might be an issue ID
	// with an existing CVE record.
	for _, padding := range []string{"", "0", "00", "000"} {
	m, _ := filepath.Glob("data/cve/v5/GO-*-" + padding + arg + ".json")
	if len(m) == 1 {
	return m[0], nil
	}
	}
	return "", fmt.Errorf("%s is not a valid filename or issue ID with existing record", arg)
	}
	return arg, nil
	}

	func publish(c *cveclient.Client, filename string) (err error) {
	if !strings.HasSuffix(filename, ".json") {
	return errors.New("filename must end in '.json'")
	}

	cveID, toPublish, err := cveschema5.ReadForPublish(filename)
	if err != nil {
	return err
	}

	// Determine if the record should be created or updated.
	assigned, err := c.RetrieveID(cveID)
	if err != nil {
	return err
	}

	var (
	publish func(string, cveschema5.Containers) (cveschema5.CVERecord, error)
	action string
	)
	switch state := assigned.State; state {
	case cveschema5.StatePublished:
	existing, err := c.RetrieveRecord(cveID)
	if err != nil {
	return err
	}
	fmt.Printf("%s is published at %s\n", cveID, c.WebURL(cveID))
	if diff := cmp.Diff(existing.Containers, *toPublish); diff != "" {
	fmt.Printf("publish would update record with diff (-existing, +new):\n%s\n", diff)
	// The CVE program sometimes adds references to CVEs, so we need
	// to make sure we don't accidentally delete them.
	handleDeleted(existing, toPublish, filename)
	} else {
	fmt.Println("updating record would have no effect, skipping")
	return nil
	}
	publish = c.UpdateRecord
	action = "update"
	case cveschema5.StateReserved:
	fmt.Printf("publish would create new record for %s\n", cveID)
	publish = c.CreateRecord
	action = "create"
	default:
	return fmt.Errorf("publishing a %s record is not supported", state)
	}

	reader := bufio.NewReader(os.Stdin)
	fmt.Printf("%s record for %s? (y/N)\n", action, cveID)
	text, _ := reader.ReadString('\n')
	if text != "y\n" {
	fmt.Printf("exiting without %sing record\n", strings.TrimSuffix(action, "e"))
	return nil
	}

	_, err = publish(cveID, toPublish)
	if err != nil {
	return err
	}

	fmt.Printf("successfully %sd record for %s at %s\n", action, cveID, c.WebURL(cveID))

	return nil
	}

	func handleDeleted(existing cveschema5.CVERecord, toPublish cveschema5.Containers, filename string) {
	deleted := findDeleted(existing.Containers.CNAContainer.References, toPublish.CNAContainer.References)
	if len(deleted) > 0 {
	goID := strings.TrimSuffix(filepath.Base(filename), filepath.Ext(filename))
	yamlReportFile := fmt.Sprintf("data/reports/%s.yaml", goID)
	// To preserve an externally-added reference, add it to
	// cve_metadata.references. An example is GO-2022-0476.
	// This warning may be spurious if a reference is deleted from
	// a YAML report - in this case it should be ignored.
	fmt.Printf(
	`!! WARNING !!
	updating record would delete %[1]d reference(s) that may have been added by the CVE program;
	to preserve these references, add references to %[2]s and run "vulnreport fix %[2]s":

	cve_metadata:
	...
	references:
	...
	- %[3]s

	only update now if this warning is spurious (i.e., the records were deleted on purpose)
	`, len(deleted), yamlReportFile, strings.Join(deleted, "\n - "))
	}
	}

	// findDeleted returns a list of URLs in oldRefs that are not in newRefs.
	func findDeleted(oldRefs []cveschema5.Reference, newRefs []cveschema5.Reference) (deleted []string) {
	m := make(map[string]bool)
	for _, r := range newRefs {
	m[r.URL] = true
	}
	for _, r := range oldRefs {
	if !m[r.URL] {
	deleted = append(deleted, r.URL)
	}
	}
	return deleted
	}

	func list(c cveclient.Client, lf cveclient.ListOptions) error {
	cves, err := c.ListOrgCVEs(lf)
	if err != nil {
	return err
	}
	var filterString string
	if lf != nil {
	filterString = fmt.Sprintf(" with filters %s", lf)
	}
	if n := len(cves); n > 0 {
	fmt.Printf("found %d CVE IDs for org %q%s:\n%v\n", n, c.Org, filterString, cves)
	} else {
	fmt.Printf("found no CVE IDs for org %q%s\n", c.Org, filterString)
	}
	return nil
	}