src/io/ioutil/tempfile.go

// Copyright 2010 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

package ioutil

import (
	"errors"
	"os"
	"path/filepath"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	"sync"
	"time"
)

// Random number state.
// We generate random temporary file names so that there's a good
// chance the file doesn't exist yet - keeps the number of tries in
// TempFile to a minimum.
var rand uint32
var randmu sync.Mutex

func reseed() uint32 {
	return uint32(time.Now().UnixNano() + int64(os.Getpid()))
}

func nextRandom() string {
	randmu.Lock()
	r := rand
	if r == 0 {
		r = reseed()
	}
	r = r*1664525 + 1013904223 // constants from Numerical Recipes
	rand = r
	randmu.Unlock()
	return strconv.Itoa(int(1e9 + r%1e9))[1:]
}

// TempFile creates a new temporary file in the directory dir,
// opens the file for reading and writing, and returns the resulting *os.File.
// The filename is generated by taking pattern and adding a random
// string to the end. If pattern includes a "*", the random string
// replaces the last "*".
// If dir is the empty string, TempFile uses the default directory
// for temporary files (see os.TempDir).
// Multiple programs calling TempFile simultaneously
// will not choose the same file. The caller can use f.Name()
// to find the pathname of the file. It is the caller's responsibility
// to remove the file when no longer needed.
func TempFile(dir, pattern string) (f *os.File, err error) {
	if dir == "" {
		dir = os.TempDir()
	}

	prefix, suffix, err := prefixAndSuffix(pattern)
	if err != nil {
		return
	}

	nconflict := 0
	for i := 0; i < 10000; i++ {
		name := filepath.Join(dir, prefix+nextRandom()+suffix)
		f, err = os.OpenFile(name, os.O_RDWR|os.O_CREATE|os.O_EXCL, 0600)
		if os.IsExist(err) {
			if nconflict++; nconflict > 10 {
				randmu.Lock()
				rand = reseed()
				randmu.Unlock()
			}
			continue
		}
		break
	}
	return
}

var errPatternHasSeparator = errors.New("pattern contains path separator")

// prefixAndSuffix splits pattern by the last wildcard "*", if applicable,
// returning prefix as the part before "*" and suffix as the part after "*".
func prefixAndSuffix(pattern string) (prefix, suffix string, err error) {
	if strings.ContainsRune(pattern, os.PathSeparator) {
		err = errPatternHasSeparator
		return
	}
	if pos := strings.LastIndex(pattern, "*"); pos != -1 {
		prefix, suffix = pattern[:pos], pattern[pos+1:]
	} else {
		prefix = pattern
	}
	return
}

// TempDir creates a new temporary directory in the directory dir.
// The directory name is generated by taking pattern and applying a
// random string to the end. If pattern includes a "*", the random string
// replaces the last "*". TempDir returns the name of the new directory.
// If dir is the empty string, TempDir uses the
// default directory for temporary files (see os.TempDir).
// Multiple programs calling TempDir simultaneously
// will not choose the same directory. It is the caller's responsibility
// to remove the directory when no longer needed.
func TempDir(dir, pattern string) (name string, err error) {
	if dir == "" {
		dir = os.TempDir()
	}

	prefix, suffix, err := prefixAndSuffix(pattern)
	if err != nil {
		return
	}

	nconflict := 0
	for i := 0; i < 10000; i++ {
		try := filepath.Join(dir, prefix+nextRandom()+suffix)
		err = os.Mkdir(try, 0700)
		if os.IsExist(err) {
			if nconflict++; nconflict > 10 {
				randmu.Lock()
				rand = reseed()
				randmu.Unlock()
			}
			continue
		}
		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
			if _, err := os.Stat(dir); os.IsNotExist(err) {
				return "", err
			}
		}
		if err == nil {
			name = try
		}
		break
	}
	return
}