|  | /* | 
|  | Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without | 
|  | modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: | 
|  |  | 
|  | * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright | 
|  | notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. | 
|  |  | 
|  | * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright | 
|  | notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the | 
|  | documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. | 
|  |  | 
|  | * Neither the name of "The Computer Language Benchmarks Game" nor the | 
|  | name of "The Computer Language Shootout Benchmarks" nor the names of | 
|  | its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived | 
|  | from this software without specific prior written permission. | 
|  |  | 
|  | THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" | 
|  | AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE | 
|  | IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE | 
|  | ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE | 
|  | LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR | 
|  | CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF | 
|  | SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS | 
|  | INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN | 
|  | CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) | 
|  | ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE | 
|  | POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. | 
|  | */ | 
|  |  | 
|  | /* The Computer Language Benchmarks Game | 
|  | http://shootout.alioth.debian.org/ | 
|  |  | 
|  | contributed by Paolo Bonzini & Sean Bartlett | 
|  | modified by Michael Mellor | 
|  | */ | 
|  |  | 
|  | #include <stdio.h> | 
|  | #include <stdlib.h> | 
|  | #include <gmp.h> | 
|  |  | 
|  | static mpz_t numer, accum, denom, tmp1, tmp2; | 
|  |  | 
|  | static int extract_digit() | 
|  | { | 
|  | if (mpz_cmp(numer, accum) > 0) | 
|  | return -1; | 
|  |  | 
|  | /* Compute (numer * 3 + accum) / denom */ | 
|  | mpz_mul_2exp(tmp1, numer, 1); | 
|  | mpz_add(tmp1, tmp1, numer); | 
|  | mpz_add(tmp1, tmp1, accum); | 
|  | mpz_fdiv_qr(tmp1, tmp2, tmp1, denom); | 
|  |  | 
|  | /* Now, if (numer * 4 + accum) % denom... */ | 
|  | mpz_add(tmp2, tmp2, numer); | 
|  |  | 
|  | /* ... is normalized, then the two divisions have the same result.  */ | 
|  | if (mpz_cmp(tmp2, denom) >= 0) | 
|  | return -1; | 
|  |  | 
|  | return mpz_get_ui(tmp1); | 
|  | } | 
|  |  | 
|  | static void next_term(unsigned int k) | 
|  | { | 
|  | unsigned int y2 = k*2 + 1; | 
|  |  | 
|  | mpz_mul_2exp(tmp1, numer, 1); | 
|  | mpz_add(accum, accum, tmp1); | 
|  | mpz_mul_ui(accum, accum, y2); | 
|  | mpz_mul_ui(numer, numer, k); | 
|  | mpz_mul_ui(denom, denom, y2); | 
|  | } | 
|  |  | 
|  | static void eliminate_digit(unsigned int d) | 
|  | { | 
|  | mpz_submul_ui(accum, denom, d); | 
|  | mpz_mul_ui(accum, accum, 10); | 
|  | mpz_mul_ui(numer, numer, 10); | 
|  | } | 
|  |  | 
|  | static void pidigits(unsigned int n) | 
|  | { | 
|  | int d; | 
|  | unsigned int i = 0, k = 0, m; | 
|  | mpz_init(tmp1); | 
|  | mpz_init(tmp2); | 
|  | mpz_init_set_ui(numer, 1); | 
|  | mpz_init_set_ui(accum, 0); | 
|  | mpz_init_set_ui(denom, 1); | 
|  |  | 
|  | for(;;) | 
|  | { | 
|  | do { | 
|  | k++; | 
|  | next_term(k); | 
|  | d = extract_digit(); | 
|  | } while(d == -1); | 
|  |  | 
|  | putchar(d + '0'); | 
|  |  | 
|  | i++; | 
|  | m = i%10; | 
|  | if(m == 0) | 
|  | printf("\t:%d\n", i); | 
|  | if(i >= n) | 
|  | break; | 
|  | eliminate_digit(d); | 
|  | } | 
|  |  | 
|  | if(m) { | 
|  | m = 10 - m; | 
|  | while(m--) | 
|  | putchar(' '); | 
|  | printf("\t:%d\n", n); | 
|  | } | 
|  | } | 
|  |  | 
|  | int main(int argc, char **argv) | 
|  | { | 
|  | pidigits(argc > 1 ? atoi(argv[1]) : 27); | 
|  | return 0; | 
|  | } |