src/cmd/internal/gc/closure.go - go - Git at Google

 // Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
 // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
 // license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

 package gc

 import (
 	"cmd/internal/obj"
 	"fmt"
 )

 /*
  * function literals aka closures
  */
 func closurehdr(ntype *Node) {
 	var name *Node
 	var a *Node

 	n := Nod(OCLOSURE, nil, nil)
 	n.Ntype = ntype
 	n.Funcdepth = Funcdepth
 	n.Func.Outerfunc = Curfn

 	funchdr(n)

 	// steal ntype's argument names and
 	// leave a fresh copy in their place.
 	// references to these variables need to
 	// refer to the variables in the external
 	// function declared below; see walkclosure.
 	n.List = ntype.List

 	n.Rlist = ntype.Rlist
 	ntype.List = nil
 	ntype.Rlist = nil
 	for l := n.List; l != nil; l = l.Next {
 		name = l.N.Left
 		if name != nil {
 			name = newname(name.Sym)
 		}
 		a = Nod(ODCLFIELD, name, l.N.Right)
 		a.Isddd = l.N.Isddd
 		if name != nil {
 			name.Isddd = a.Isddd
 		}
 		ntype.List = list(ntype.List, a)
 	}

 	for l := n.Rlist; l != nil; l = l.Next {
 		name = l.N.Left
 		if name != nil {
 			name = newname(name.Sym)
 		}
 		ntype.Rlist = list(ntype.Rlist, Nod(ODCLFIELD, name, l.N.Right))
 	}
 }

 func closurebody(body *NodeList) *Node {
 	if body == nil {
 		body = list1(Nod(OEMPTY, nil, nil))
 	}

 	func_ := Curfn
 	func_.Nbody = body
 	func_.Func.Endlineno = lineno
 	funcbody(func_)

 	// closure-specific variables are hanging off the
 	// ordinary ones in the symbol table; see oldname.
 	// unhook them.
 	// make the list of pointers for the closure call.
 	var v *Node
 	for l := func_.Func.Cvars; l != nil; l = l.Next {
 		v = l.N
 		v.Closure.Closure = v.Outer
 		v.Outerexpr = oldname(v.Sym)
 	}

 	return func_
 }

 func typecheckclosure(func_ *Node, top int) {
 	var n *Node

 	for l := func_.Func.Cvars; l != nil; l = l.Next {
 		n = l.N.Closure
 		if !n.Captured {
 			n.Captured = true
 			if n.Decldepth == 0 {
 				Fatal("typecheckclosure: var %v does not have decldepth assigned", Nconv(n, obj.FmtShort))
 			}

 			// Ignore assignments to the variable in straightline code
 			// preceding the first capturing by a closure.
 			if n.Decldepth == decldepth {
 				n.Assigned = false
 			}
 		}
 	}

 	for l := func_.Func.Dcl; l != nil; l = l.Next {
 		if l.N.Op == ONAME && (l.N.Class == PPARAM || l.N.Class == PPARAMOUT) {
 			l.N.Decldepth = 1
 		}
 	}

 	oldfn := Curfn
 	typecheck(&func_.Ntype, Etype)
 	func_.Type = func_.Ntype.Type
 	func_.Top = top

 	// Type check the body now, but only if we're inside a function.
 	// At top level (in a variable initialization: curfn==nil) we're not
 	// ready to type check code yet; we'll check it later, because the
 	// underlying closure function we create is added to xtop.
 	if Curfn != nil && func_.Type != nil {
 		Curfn = func_
 		olddd := decldepth
 		decldepth = 1
 		typechecklist(func_.Nbody, Etop)
 		decldepth = olddd
 		Curfn = oldfn
 	}

 	// Create top-level function
 	xtop = list(xtop, makeclosure(func_))
 }

 // closurename returns name for OCLOSURE n.
 // It is not as simple as it ought to be, because we typecheck nested closures
 // starting from the innermost one. So when we check the inner closure,
 // we don't yet have name for the outer closure. This function uses recursion
 // to generate names all the way up if necessary.

 var closurename_closgen int

 func closurename(n *Node) *Sym {
 	if n.Sym != nil {
 		return n.Sym
 	}
 	gen := 0
 	outer := ""
 	prefix := ""
 	if n.Func.Outerfunc == nil {
 		// Global closure.
 		outer = "glob"

 		prefix = "func"
 		closurename_closgen++
 		gen = closurename_closgen
 	} else if n.Func.Outerfunc.Op == ODCLFUNC {
 		// The outermost closure inside of a named function.
 		outer = n.Func.Outerfunc.Nname.Sym.Name

 		prefix = "func"

 		// Yes, functions can be named _.
 		// Can't use function closgen in such case,
 		// because it would lead to name clashes.
 		if !isblank(n.Func.Outerfunc.Nname) {
 			n.Func.Outerfunc.Func.Closgen++
 			gen = n.Func.Outerfunc.Func.Closgen
 		} else {
 			closurename_closgen++
 			gen = closurename_closgen
 		}
 	} else if n.Func.Outerfunc.Op == OCLOSURE {
 		// Nested closure, recurse.
 		outer = closurename(n.Func.Outerfunc).Name

 		prefix = ""
 		n.Func.Outerfunc.Func.Closgen++
 		gen = n.Func.Outerfunc.Func.Closgen
 	} else {
 		Fatal("closurename called for %v", Nconv(n, obj.FmtShort))
 	}
 	n.Sym = Lookupf("%s.%s%d", outer, prefix, gen)
 	return n.Sym
 }

 func makeclosure(func_ *Node) *Node {
 	/*
 	 * wrap body in external function
 	 * that begins by reading closure parameters.
 	 */
 	xtype := Nod(OTFUNC, nil, nil)

 	xtype.List = func_.List
 	xtype.Rlist = func_.Rlist

 	// create the function
 	xfunc := Nod(ODCLFUNC, nil, nil)

 	xfunc.Nname = newfuncname(closurename(func_))
 	xfunc.Nname.Sym.Flags |= SymExported // disable export
 	xfunc.Nname.Ntype = xtype
 	xfunc.Nname.Defn = xfunc
 	declare(xfunc.Nname, PFUNC)
 	xfunc.Nname.Funcdepth = func_.Funcdepth
 	xfunc.Funcdepth = func_.Funcdepth
 	xfunc.Func.Endlineno = func_.Func.Endlineno

 	xfunc.Nbody = func_.Nbody
 	xfunc.Func.Dcl = concat(func_.Func.Dcl, xfunc.Func.Dcl)
 	if xfunc.Nbody == nil {
 		Fatal("empty body - won't generate any code")
 	}
 	typecheck(&xfunc, Etop)

 	xfunc.Closure = func_
 	func_.Closure = xfunc

 	func_.Nbody = nil
 	func_.List = nil
 	func_.Rlist = nil

 	return xfunc
 }

 // capturevars is called in a separate phase after all typechecking is done.
 // It decides whether each variable captured by a closure should be captured
 // by value or by reference.
 // We use value capturing for values <= 128 bytes that are never reassigned
 // after capturing (effectively constant).
 func capturevars(xfunc *Node) {
 	var v *Node
 	var outer *Node

 	lno := int(lineno)
 	lineno = xfunc.Lineno

 	func_ := xfunc.Closure
 	func_.Func.Enter = nil
 	for l := func_.Func.Cvars; l != nil; l = l.Next {
 		v = l.N
 		if v.Type == nil {
 			// if v->type is nil, it means v looked like it was
 			// going to be used in the closure but wasn't.
 			// this happens because when parsing a, b, c := f()
 			// the a, b, c gets parsed as references to older
 			// a, b, c before the parser figures out this is a
 			// declaration.
 			v.Op = OXXX

 			continue
 		}

 		// type check the & of closed variables outside the closure,
 		// so that the outer frame also grabs them and knows they escape.
 		dowidth(v.Type)

 		outer = v.Outerexpr
 		v.Outerexpr = nil

 		// out parameters will be assigned to implicitly upon return.
 		if outer.Class != PPARAMOUT && !v.Closure.Addrtaken && !v.Closure.Assigned && v.Type.Width <= 128 {
 			v.Byval = true
 		} else {
 			v.Closure.Addrtaken = true
 			outer = Nod(OADDR, outer, nil)
 		}

 		if Debug['m'] > 1 {
 			var name *Sym
 			if v.Curfn != nil && v.Curfn.Nname != nil {
 				name = v.Curfn.Nname.Sym
 			}
 			how := "ref"
 			if v.Byval {
 				how = "value"
 			}
 			Warnl(int(v.Lineno), "%v capturing by %s: %v (addr=%v assign=%v width=%d)", Sconv(name, 0), how, Sconv(v.Sym, 0), v.Closure.Addrtaken, v.Closure.Assigned, int32(v.Type.Width))
 		}

 		typecheck(&outer, Erv)
 		func_.Func.Enter = list(func_.Func.Enter, outer)
 	}

 	lineno = int32(lno)
 }

 // transformclosure is called in a separate phase after escape analysis.
 // It transform closure bodies to properly reference captured variables.
 func transformclosure(xfunc *Node) {
 	lno := int(lineno)
 	lineno = xfunc.Lineno
 	func_ := xfunc.Closure

 	if func_.Top&Ecall != 0 {
 		// If the closure is directly called, we transform it to a plain function call
 		// with variables passed as args. This avoids allocation of a closure object.
 		// Here we do only a part of the transformation. Walk of OCALLFUNC(OCLOSURE)
 		// will complete the transformation later.
 		// For illustration, the following closure:
 		//	func(a int) {
 		//		println(byval)
 		//		byref++
 		//	}(42)
 		// becomes:
 		//	func(a int, byval int, &byref *int) {
 		//		println(byval)
 		//		(*&byref)++
 		//	}(42, byval, &byref)

 		// f is ONAME of the actual function.
 		f := xfunc.Nname

 		// Get pointer to input arguments and rewind to the end.
 		// We are going to append captured variables to input args.
 		param := &getinargx(f.Type).Type

 		for ; *param != nil; param = &(*param).Down {
 		}
 		var v *Node
 		var addr *Node
 		var fld *Type
 		for l := func_.Func.Cvars; l != nil; l = l.Next {
 			v = l.N
 			if v.Op == OXXX {
 				continue
 			}
 			fld = typ(TFIELD)
 			fld.Funarg = 1
 			if v.Byval {
 				// If v is captured by value, we merely downgrade it to PPARAM.
 				v.Class = PPARAM

 				v.Ullman = 1
 				fld.Nname = v
 			} else {
 				// If v of type T is captured by reference,
 				// we introduce function param &v *T
 				// and v remains PPARAMREF with &v heapaddr
 				// (accesses will implicitly deref &v).
 				addr = newname(Lookupf("&%s", v.Sym.Name))
 				addr.Type = Ptrto(v.Type)
 				addr.Class = PPARAM
 				v.Heapaddr = addr
 				fld.Nname = addr
 			}

 			fld.Type = fld.Nname.Type
 			fld.Sym = fld.Nname.Sym

 			// Declare the new param and append it to input arguments.
 			xfunc.Func.Dcl = list(xfunc.Func.Dcl, fld.Nname)

 			*param = fld
 			param = &fld.Down
 		}

 		// Recalculate param offsets.
 		if f.Type.Width > 0 {
 			Fatal("transformclosure: width is already calculated")
 		}
 		dowidth(f.Type)
 		xfunc.Type = f.Type // update type of ODCLFUNC
 	} else {
 		// The closure is not called, so it is going to stay as closure.
 		nvar := 0

 		var body *NodeList
 		offset := int64(Widthptr)
 		var addr *Node
 		var v *Node
 		var cv *Node
 		for l := func_.Func.Cvars; l != nil; l = l.Next {
 			v = l.N
 			if v.Op == OXXX {
 				continue
 			}
 			nvar++

 			// cv refers to the field inside of closure OSTRUCTLIT.
 			cv = Nod(OCLOSUREVAR, nil, nil)

 			cv.Type = v.Type
 			if !v.Byval {
 				cv.Type = Ptrto(v.Type)
 			}
 			offset = Rnd(offset, int64(cv.Type.Align))
 			cv.Xoffset = offset
 			offset += cv.Type.Width

 			if v.Byval && v.Type.Width <= int64(2*Widthptr) && Thearch.Thechar == '6' {
 				//  If it is a small variable captured by value, downgrade it to PAUTO.
 				// This optimization is currently enabled only for amd64, see:
 				// https://github.com/golang/go/issues/9865
 				v.Class = PAUTO

 				v.Ullman = 1
 				xfunc.Func.Dcl = list(xfunc.Func.Dcl, v)
 				body = list(body, Nod(OAS, v, cv))
 			} else {
 				// Declare variable holding addresses taken from closure
 				// and initialize in entry prologue.
 				addr = newname(Lookupf("&%s", v.Sym.Name))
 				addr.Ntype = Nod(OIND, typenod(v.Type), nil)
 				addr.Class = PAUTO
 				addr.Used = true
 				addr.Curfn = xfunc
 				xfunc.Func.Dcl = list(xfunc.Func.Dcl, addr)
 				v.Heapaddr = addr
 				if v.Byval {
 					cv = Nod(OADDR, cv, nil)
 				}
 				body = list(body, Nod(OAS, addr, cv))
 			}
 		}

 		typechecklist(body, Etop)
 		walkstmtlist(body)
 		xfunc.Func.Enter = body
 		xfunc.Func.Needctxt = nvar > 0
 	}

 	lineno = int32(lno)
 }

 func walkclosure(func_ *Node, init **NodeList) *Node {
 	// If no closure vars, don't bother wrapping.
 	if func_.Func.Cvars == nil {
 		return func_.Closure.Nname
 	}

 	// Create closure in the form of a composite literal.
 	// supposing the closure captures an int i and a string s
 	// and has one float64 argument and no results,
 	// the generated code looks like:
 	//
 	//	clos = &struct{.F uintptr; i *int; s *string}{func.1, &i, &s}
 	//
 	// The use of the struct provides type information to the garbage
 	// collector so that it can walk the closure. We could use (in this case)
 	// [3]unsafe.Pointer instead, but that would leave the gc in the dark.
 	// The information appears in the binary in the form of type descriptors;
 	// the struct is unnamed so that closures in multiple packages with the
 	// same struct type can share the descriptor.

 	typ := Nod(OTSTRUCT, nil, nil)

 	typ.List = list1(Nod(ODCLFIELD, newname(Lookup(".F")), typenod(Types[TUINTPTR])))
 	var typ1 *Node
 	var v *Node
 	for l := func_.Func.Cvars; l != nil; l = l.Next {
 		v = l.N
 		if v.Op == OXXX {
 			continue
 		}
 		typ1 = typenod(v.Type)
 		if !v.Byval {
 			typ1 = Nod(OIND, typ1, nil)
 		}
 		typ.List = list(typ.List, Nod(ODCLFIELD, newname(v.Sym), typ1))
 	}

 	clos := Nod(OCOMPLIT, nil, Nod(OIND, typ, nil))
 	clos.Esc = func_.Esc
 	clos.Right.Implicit = true
 	clos.List = concat(list1(Nod(OCFUNC, func_.Closure.Nname, nil)), func_.Func.Enter)

 	// Force type conversion from *struct to the func type.
 	clos = Nod(OCONVNOP, clos, nil)

 	clos.Type = func_.Type

 	typecheck(&clos, Erv)

 	// typecheck will insert a PTRLIT node under CONVNOP,
 	// tag it with escape analysis result.
 	clos.Left.Esc = func_.Esc

 	// non-escaping temp to use, if any.
 	// orderexpr did not compute the type; fill it in now.
 	if func_.Alloc != nil {
 		func_.Alloc.Type = clos.Left.Left.Type
 		func_.Alloc.Orig.Type = func_.Alloc.Type
 		clos.Left.Right = func_.Alloc
 		func_.Alloc = nil
 	}

 	walkexpr(&clos, init)

 	return clos
 }

 func typecheckpartialcall(fn *Node, sym *Node) {
 	switch fn.Op {
 	case ODOTINTER, ODOTMETH:
 		break

 	default:
 		Fatal("invalid typecheckpartialcall")
 	}

 	// Create top-level function.
 	fn.Nname = makepartialcall(fn, fn.Type, sym)

 	fn.Right = sym
 	fn.Op = OCALLPART
 	fn.Type = fn.Nname.Type
 }

 var makepartialcall_gopkg *Pkg

 func makepartialcall(fn *Node, t0 *Type, meth *Node) *Node {
 	var p string

 	rcvrtype := fn.Left.Type
 	if exportname(meth.Sym.Name) {
 		p = fmt.Sprintf("(%v).%s-fm", Tconv(rcvrtype, obj.FmtLeft|obj.FmtShort), meth.Sym.Name)
 	} else {
 		p = fmt.Sprintf("(%v).(%v)-fm", Tconv(rcvrtype, obj.FmtLeft|obj.FmtShort), Sconv(meth.Sym, obj.FmtLeft))
 	}
 	basetype := rcvrtype
 	if Isptr[rcvrtype.Etype] {
 		basetype = basetype.Type
 	}
 	if basetype.Etype != TINTER && basetype.Sym == nil {
 		Fatal("missing base type for %v", Tconv(rcvrtype, 0))
 	}

 	var spkg *Pkg
 	if basetype.Sym != nil {
 		spkg = basetype.Sym.Pkg
 	}
 	if spkg == nil {
 		if makepartialcall_gopkg == nil {
 			makepartialcall_gopkg = mkpkg("go")
 		}
 		spkg = makepartialcall_gopkg
 	}

 	sym := Pkglookup(p, spkg)

 	if sym.Flags&SymUniq != 0 {
 		return sym.Def
 	}
 	sym.Flags |= SymUniq

 	savecurfn := Curfn
 	Curfn = nil

 	xtype := Nod(OTFUNC, nil, nil)
 	i := 0
 	var l *NodeList
 	var callargs *NodeList
 	ddd := false
 	xfunc := Nod(ODCLFUNC, nil, nil)
 	Curfn = xfunc
 	var fld *Node
 	var n *Node
 	for t := getinargx(t0).Type; t != nil; t = t.Down {
 		n = newname(Lookupf("a%d", i))
 		i++
 		n.Class = PPARAM
 		xfunc.Func.Dcl = list(xfunc.Func.Dcl, n)
 		callargs = list(callargs, n)
 		fld = Nod(ODCLFIELD, n, typenod(t.Type))
 		if t.Isddd {
 			fld.Isddd = true
 			ddd = true
 		}

 		l = list(l, fld)
 	}

 	xtype.List = l
 	i = 0
 	l = nil
 	var retargs *NodeList
 	for t := getoutargx(t0).Type; t != nil; t = t.Down {
 		n = newname(Lookupf("r%d", i))
 		i++
 		n.Class = PPARAMOUT
 		xfunc.Func.Dcl = list(xfunc.Func.Dcl, n)
 		retargs = list(retargs, n)
 		l = list(l, Nod(ODCLFIELD, n, typenod(t.Type)))
 	}

 	xtype.Rlist = l

 	xfunc.Func.Dupok = true
 	xfunc.Nname = newfuncname(sym)
 	xfunc.Nname.Sym.Flags |= SymExported // disable export
 	xfunc.Nname.Ntype = xtype
 	xfunc.Nname.Defn = xfunc
 	declare(xfunc.Nname, PFUNC)

 	// Declare and initialize variable holding receiver.

 	xfunc.Func.Needctxt = true
 	cv := Nod(OCLOSUREVAR, nil, nil)
 	cv.Xoffset = int64(Widthptr)
 	cv.Type = rcvrtype
 	if int(cv.Type.Align) > Widthptr {
 		cv.Xoffset = int64(cv.Type.Align)
 	}
 	ptr := Nod(ONAME, nil, nil)
 	ptr.Sym = Lookup("rcvr")
 	ptr.Class = PAUTO
 	ptr.Addable = 1
 	ptr.Ullman = 1
 	ptr.Used = true
 	ptr.Curfn = xfunc
 	xfunc.Func.Dcl = list(xfunc.Func.Dcl, ptr)
 	var body *NodeList
 	if Isptr[rcvrtype.Etype] || Isinter(rcvrtype) {
 		ptr.Ntype = typenod(rcvrtype)
 		body = list(body, Nod(OAS, ptr, cv))
 	} else {
 		ptr.Ntype = typenod(Ptrto(rcvrtype))
 		body = list(body, Nod(OAS, ptr, Nod(OADDR, cv, nil)))
 	}

 	call := Nod(OCALL, Nod(OXDOT, ptr, meth), nil)
 	call.List = callargs
 	call.Isddd = ddd
 	if t0.Outtuple == 0 {
 		body = list(body, call)
 	} else {
 		n := Nod(OAS2, nil, nil)
 		n.List = retargs
 		n.Rlist = list1(call)
 		body = list(body, n)
 		n = Nod(ORETURN, nil, nil)
 		body = list(body, n)
 	}

 	xfunc.Nbody = body

 	typecheck(&xfunc, Etop)
 	sym.Def = xfunc
 	xtop = list(xtop, xfunc)
 	Curfn = savecurfn

 	return xfunc
 }

 func walkpartialcall(n *Node, init **NodeList) *Node {
 	// Create closure in the form of a composite literal.
 	// For x.M with receiver (x) type T, the generated code looks like:
 	//
 	//	clos = &struct{F uintptr; R T}{M.T·f, x}
 	//
 	// Like walkclosure above.

 	if Isinter(n.Left.Type) {
 		// Trigger panic for method on nil interface now.
 		// Otherwise it happens in the wrapper and is confusing.
 		n.Left = cheapexpr(n.Left, init)

 		checknil(n.Left, init)
 	}

 	typ := Nod(OTSTRUCT, nil, nil)
 	typ.List = list1(Nod(ODCLFIELD, newname(Lookup("F")), typenod(Types[TUINTPTR])))
 	typ.List = list(typ.List, Nod(ODCLFIELD, newname(Lookup("R")), typenod(n.Left.Type)))

 	clos := Nod(OCOMPLIT, nil, Nod(OIND, typ, nil))
 	clos.Esc = n.Esc
 	clos.Right.Implicit = true
 	clos.List = list1(Nod(OCFUNC, n.Nname.Nname, nil))
 	clos.List = list(clos.List, n.Left)

 	// Force type conversion from *struct to the func type.
 	clos = Nod(OCONVNOP, clos, nil)

 	clos.Type = n.Type

 	typecheck(&clos, Erv)

 	// typecheck will insert a PTRLIT node under CONVNOP,
 	// tag it with escape analysis result.
 	clos.Left.Esc = n.Esc

 	// non-escaping temp to use, if any.
 	// orderexpr did not compute the type; fill it in now.
 	if n.Alloc != nil {
 		n.Alloc.Type = clos.Left.Left.Type
 		n.Alloc.Orig.Type = n.Alloc.Type
 		clos.Left.Right = n.Alloc
 		n.Alloc = nil
 	}

 	walkexpr(&clos, init)

 	return clos
 }
	// Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
	// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
	// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

	package gc

	import (
	"cmd/internal/obj"
	"fmt"
	)

	/*
	* function literals aka closures
	*/
	func closurehdr(ntype *Node) {
	var name *Node
	var a *Node

	n := Nod(OCLOSURE, nil, nil)
	n.Ntype = ntype
	n.Funcdepth = Funcdepth
	n.Func.Outerfunc = Curfn

	funchdr(n)

	// steal ntype's argument names and
	// leave a fresh copy in their place.
	// references to these variables need to
	// refer to the variables in the external
	// function declared below; see walkclosure.
	n.List = ntype.List

	n.Rlist = ntype.Rlist
	ntype.List = nil
	ntype.Rlist = nil
	for l := n.List; l != nil; l = l.Next {
	name = l.N.Left
	if name != nil {
	name = newname(name.Sym)
	}
	a = Nod(ODCLFIELD, name, l.N.Right)
	a.Isddd = l.N.Isddd
	if name != nil {
	name.Isddd = a.Isddd
	}
	ntype.List = list(ntype.List, a)
	}

	for l := n.Rlist; l != nil; l = l.Next {
	name = l.N.Left
	if name != nil {
	name = newname(name.Sym)
	}
	ntype.Rlist = list(ntype.Rlist, Nod(ODCLFIELD, name, l.N.Right))
	}
	}

	func closurebody(body NodeList) Node {
	if body == nil {
	body = list1(Nod(OEMPTY, nil, nil))
	}

	func_ := Curfn
	func_.Nbody = body
	func_.Func.Endlineno = lineno
	funcbody(func_)

	// closure-specific variables are hanging off the
	// ordinary ones in the symbol table; see oldname.
	// unhook them.
	// make the list of pointers for the closure call.
	var v *Node
	for l := func_.Func.Cvars; l != nil; l = l.Next {
	v = l.N
	v.Closure.Closure = v.Outer
	v.Outerexpr = oldname(v.Sym)
	}

	return func_
	}

	func typecheckclosure(func_ *Node, top int) {
	var n *Node

	for l := func_.Func.Cvars; l != nil; l = l.Next {
	n = l.N.Closure
	if !n.Captured {
	n.Captured = true
	if n.Decldepth == 0 {
	Fatal("typecheckclosure: var %v does not have decldepth assigned", Nconv(n, obj.FmtShort))
	}

	// Ignore assignments to the variable in straightline code
	// preceding the first capturing by a closure.
	if n.Decldepth == decldepth {
	n.Assigned = false
	}
	}
	}

	for l := func_.Func.Dcl; l != nil; l = l.Next {
	if l.N.Op == ONAME && (l.N.Class == PPARAM \|\| l.N.Class == PPARAMOUT) {
	l.N.Decldepth = 1
	}
	}

	oldfn := Curfn
	typecheck(&func_.Ntype, Etype)
	func_.Type = func_.Ntype.Type
	func_.Top = top

	// Type check the body now, but only if we're inside a function.
	// At top level (in a variable initialization: curfn==nil) we're not
	// ready to type check code yet; we'll check it later, because the
	// underlying closure function we create is added to xtop.
	if Curfn != nil && func_.Type != nil {
	Curfn = func_
	olddd := decldepth
	decldepth = 1
	typechecklist(func_.Nbody, Etop)
	decldepth = olddd
	Curfn = oldfn
	}

	// Create top-level function
	xtop = list(xtop, makeclosure(func_))
	}

	// closurename returns name for OCLOSURE n.
	// It is not as simple as it ought to be, because we typecheck nested closures
	// starting from the innermost one. So when we check the inner closure,
	// we don't yet have name for the outer closure. This function uses recursion
	// to generate names all the way up if necessary.

	var closurename_closgen int

	func closurename(n Node) Sym {
	if n.Sym != nil {
	return n.Sym
	}
	gen := 0
	outer := ""
	prefix := ""
	if n.Func.Outerfunc == nil {
	// Global closure.
	outer = "glob"

	prefix = "func"
	closurename_closgen++
	gen = closurename_closgen
	} else if n.Func.Outerfunc.Op == ODCLFUNC {
	// The outermost closure inside of a named function.
	outer = n.Func.Outerfunc.Nname.Sym.Name

	prefix = "func"

	// Yes, functions can be named _.
	// Can't use function closgen in such case,
	// because it would lead to name clashes.
	if !isblank(n.Func.Outerfunc.Nname) {
	n.Func.Outerfunc.Func.Closgen++
	gen = n.Func.Outerfunc.Func.Closgen
	} else {
	closurename_closgen++
	gen = closurename_closgen
	}
	} else if n.Func.Outerfunc.Op == OCLOSURE {
	// Nested closure, recurse.
	outer = closurename(n.Func.Outerfunc).Name

	prefix = ""
	n.Func.Outerfunc.Func.Closgen++
	gen = n.Func.Outerfunc.Func.Closgen
	} else {
	Fatal("closurename called for %v", Nconv(n, obj.FmtShort))
	}
	n.Sym = Lookupf("%s.%s%d", outer, prefix, gen)
	return n.Sym
	}

	func makeclosure(func_ Node) Node {
	/*
	* wrap body in external function
	* that begins by reading closure parameters.
	*/
	xtype := Nod(OTFUNC, nil, nil)

	xtype.List = func_.List
	xtype.Rlist = func_.Rlist

	// create the function
	xfunc := Nod(ODCLFUNC, nil, nil)

	xfunc.Nname = newfuncname(closurename(func_))
	xfunc.Nname.Sym.Flags \|= SymExported // disable export
	xfunc.Nname.Ntype = xtype
	xfunc.Nname.Defn = xfunc
	declare(xfunc.Nname, PFUNC)
	xfunc.Nname.Funcdepth = func_.Funcdepth
	xfunc.Funcdepth = func_.Funcdepth
	xfunc.Func.Endlineno = func_.Func.Endlineno

	xfunc.Nbody = func_.Nbody
	xfunc.Func.Dcl = concat(func_.Func.Dcl, xfunc.Func.Dcl)
	if xfunc.Nbody == nil {
	Fatal("empty body - won't generate any code")
	}
	typecheck(&xfunc, Etop)

	xfunc.Closure = func_
	func_.Closure = xfunc

	func_.Nbody = nil
	func_.List = nil
	func_.Rlist = nil

	return xfunc
	}

	// capturevars is called in a separate phase after all typechecking is done.
	// It decides whether each variable captured by a closure should be captured
	// by value or by reference.
	// We use value capturing for values <= 128 bytes that are never reassigned
	// after capturing (effectively constant).
	func capturevars(xfunc *Node) {
	var v *Node
	var outer *Node

	lno := int(lineno)
	lineno = xfunc.Lineno

	func_ := xfunc.Closure
	func_.Func.Enter = nil
	for l := func_.Func.Cvars; l != nil; l = l.Next {
	v = l.N
	if v.Type == nil {
	// if v->type is nil, it means v looked like it was
	// going to be used in the closure but wasn't.
	// this happens because when parsing a, b, c := f()
	// the a, b, c gets parsed as references to older
	// a, b, c before the parser figures out this is a
	// declaration.
	v.Op = OXXX

	continue
	}

	// type check the & of closed variables outside the closure,
	// so that the outer frame also grabs them and knows they escape.
	dowidth(v.Type)

	outer = v.Outerexpr
	v.Outerexpr = nil

	// out parameters will be assigned to implicitly upon return.
	if outer.Class != PPARAMOUT && !v.Closure.Addrtaken && !v.Closure.Assigned && v.Type.Width <= 128 {
	v.Byval = true
	} else {
	v.Closure.Addrtaken = true
	outer = Nod(OADDR, outer, nil)
	}

	if Debug['m'] > 1 {
	var name *Sym
	if v.Curfn != nil && v.Curfn.Nname != nil {
	name = v.Curfn.Nname.Sym
	}
	how := "ref"
	if v.Byval {
	how = "value"
	}
	Warnl(int(v.Lineno), "%v capturing by %s: %v (addr=%v assign=%v width=%d)", Sconv(name, 0), how, Sconv(v.Sym, 0), v.Closure.Addrtaken, v.Closure.Assigned, int32(v.Type.Width))
	}

	typecheck(&outer, Erv)
	func_.Func.Enter = list(func_.Func.Enter, outer)
	}

	lineno = int32(lno)
	}

	// transformclosure is called in a separate phase after escape analysis.
	// It transform closure bodies to properly reference captured variables.
	func transformclosure(xfunc *Node) {
	lno := int(lineno)
	lineno = xfunc.Lineno
	func_ := xfunc.Closure

	if func_.Top&Ecall != 0 {
	// If the closure is directly called, we transform it to a plain function call
	// with variables passed as args. This avoids allocation of a closure object.
	// Here we do only a part of the transformation. Walk of OCALLFUNC(OCLOSURE)
	// will complete the transformation later.
	// For illustration, the following closure:
	// func(a int) {
	// println(byval)
	// byref++
	// }(42)
	// becomes:
	// func(a int, byval int, &byref *int) {
	// println(byval)
	// (*&byref)++
	// }(42, byval, &byref)

	// f is ONAME of the actual function.
	f := xfunc.Nname

	// Get pointer to input arguments and rewind to the end.
	// We are going to append captured variables to input args.
	param := &getinargx(f.Type).Type

	for ; param != nil; param = &(param).Down {
	}
	var v *Node
	var addr *Node
	var fld *Type
	for l := func_.Func.Cvars; l != nil; l = l.Next {
	v = l.N
	if v.Op == OXXX {
	continue
	}
	fld = typ(TFIELD)
	fld.Funarg = 1
	if v.Byval {
	// If v is captured by value, we merely downgrade it to PPARAM.
	v.Class = PPARAM

	v.Ullman = 1
	fld.Nname = v
	} else {
	// If v of type T is captured by reference,
	// we introduce function param &v *T
	// and v remains PPARAMREF with &v heapaddr
	// (accesses will implicitly deref &v).
	addr = newname(Lookupf("&%s", v.Sym.Name))
	addr.Type = Ptrto(v.Type)
	addr.Class = PPARAM
	v.Heapaddr = addr
	fld.Nname = addr
	}

	fld.Type = fld.Nname.Type
	fld.Sym = fld.Nname.Sym

	// Declare the new param and append it to input arguments.
	xfunc.Func.Dcl = list(xfunc.Func.Dcl, fld.Nname)

	*param = fld
	param = &fld.Down
	}

	// Recalculate param offsets.
	if f.Type.Width > 0 {
	Fatal("transformclosure: width is already calculated")
	}
	dowidth(f.Type)
	xfunc.Type = f.Type // update type of ODCLFUNC
	} else {
	// The closure is not called, so it is going to stay as closure.
	nvar := 0

	var body *NodeList
	offset := int64(Widthptr)
	var addr *Node
	var v *Node
	var cv *Node
	for l := func_.Func.Cvars; l != nil; l = l.Next {
	v = l.N
	if v.Op == OXXX {
	continue
	}
	nvar++

	// cv refers to the field inside of closure OSTRUCTLIT.
	cv = Nod(OCLOSUREVAR, nil, nil)

	cv.Type = v.Type
	if !v.Byval {
	cv.Type = Ptrto(v.Type)
	}
	offset = Rnd(offset, int64(cv.Type.Align))
	cv.Xoffset = offset
	offset += cv.Type.Width

	if v.Byval && v.Type.Width <= int64(2*Widthptr) && Thearch.Thechar == '6' {
	// If it is a small variable captured by value, downgrade it to PAUTO.
	// This optimization is currently enabled only for amd64, see:
	// https://github.com/golang/go/issues/9865
	v.Class = PAUTO

	v.Ullman = 1
	xfunc.Func.Dcl = list(xfunc.Func.Dcl, v)
	body = list(body, Nod(OAS, v, cv))
	} else {
	// Declare variable holding addresses taken from closure
	// and initialize in entry prologue.
	addr = newname(Lookupf("&%s", v.Sym.Name))
	addr.Ntype = Nod(OIND, typenod(v.Type), nil)
	addr.Class = PAUTO
	addr.Used = true
	addr.Curfn = xfunc
	xfunc.Func.Dcl = list(xfunc.Func.Dcl, addr)
	v.Heapaddr = addr
	if v.Byval {
	cv = Nod(OADDR, cv, nil)
	}
	body = list(body, Nod(OAS, addr, cv))
	}
	}

	typechecklist(body, Etop)
	walkstmtlist(body)
	xfunc.Func.Enter = body
	xfunc.Func.Needctxt = nvar > 0
	}

	lineno = int32(lno)
	}

	func walkclosure(func_ Node, init NodeList) Node {
	// If no closure vars, don't bother wrapping.
	if func_.Func.Cvars == nil {
	return func_.Closure.Nname
	}

	// Create closure in the form of a composite literal.
	// supposing the closure captures an int i and a string s
	// and has one float64 argument and no results,
	// the generated code looks like:
	//
	// clos = &struct{.F uintptr; i int; s string}{func.1, &i, &s}
	//
	// The use of the struct provides type information to the garbage
	// collector so that it can walk the closure. We could use (in this case)
	// [3]unsafe.Pointer instead, but that would leave the gc in the dark.
	// The information appears in the binary in the form of type descriptors;
	// the struct is unnamed so that closures in multiple packages with the
	// same struct type can share the descriptor.

	typ := Nod(OTSTRUCT, nil, nil)

	typ.List = list1(Nod(ODCLFIELD, newname(Lookup(".F")), typenod(Types[TUINTPTR])))
	var typ1 *Node
	var v *Node
	for l := func_.Func.Cvars; l != nil; l = l.Next {
	v = l.N
	if v.Op == OXXX {
	continue
	}
	typ1 = typenod(v.Type)
	if !v.Byval {
	typ1 = Nod(OIND, typ1, nil)
	}
	typ.List = list(typ.List, Nod(ODCLFIELD, newname(v.Sym), typ1))
	}

	clos := Nod(OCOMPLIT, nil, Nod(OIND, typ, nil))
	clos.Esc = func_.Esc
	clos.Right.Implicit = true
	clos.List = concat(list1(Nod(OCFUNC, func_.Closure.Nname, nil)), func_.Func.Enter)

	// Force type conversion from *struct to the func type.
	clos = Nod(OCONVNOP, clos, nil)

	clos.Type = func_.Type

	typecheck(&clos, Erv)

	// typecheck will insert a PTRLIT node under CONVNOP,
	// tag it with escape analysis result.
	clos.Left.Esc = func_.Esc

	// non-escaping temp to use, if any.
	// orderexpr did not compute the type; fill it in now.
	if func_.Alloc != nil {
	func_.Alloc.Type = clos.Left.Left.Type
	func_.Alloc.Orig.Type = func_.Alloc.Type
	clos.Left.Right = func_.Alloc
	func_.Alloc = nil
	}

	walkexpr(&clos, init)

	return clos
	}

	func typecheckpartialcall(fn Node, sym Node) {
	switch fn.Op {
	case ODOTINTER, ODOTMETH:
	break

	default:
	Fatal("invalid typecheckpartialcall")
	}

	// Create top-level function.
	fn.Nname = makepartialcall(fn, fn.Type, sym)

	fn.Right = sym
	fn.Op = OCALLPART
	fn.Type = fn.Nname.Type
	}

	var makepartialcall_gopkg *Pkg

	func makepartialcall(fn Node, t0 Type, meth Node) Node {
	var p string

	rcvrtype := fn.Left.Type
	if exportname(meth.Sym.Name) {
	p = fmt.Sprintf("(%v).%s-fm", Tconv(rcvrtype, obj.FmtLeft\|obj.FmtShort), meth.Sym.Name)
	} else {
	p = fmt.Sprintf("(%v).(%v)-fm", Tconv(rcvrtype, obj.FmtLeft\|obj.FmtShort), Sconv(meth.Sym, obj.FmtLeft))
	}
	basetype := rcvrtype
	if Isptr[rcvrtype.Etype] {
	basetype = basetype.Type
	}
	if basetype.Etype != TINTER && basetype.Sym == nil {
	Fatal("missing base type for %v", Tconv(rcvrtype, 0))
	}

	var spkg *Pkg
	if basetype.Sym != nil {
	spkg = basetype.Sym.Pkg
	}
	if spkg == nil {
	if makepartialcall_gopkg == nil {
	makepartialcall_gopkg = mkpkg("go")
	}
	spkg = makepartialcall_gopkg
	}

	sym := Pkglookup(p, spkg)

	if sym.Flags&SymUniq != 0 {
	return sym.Def
	}
	sym.Flags \|= SymUniq

	savecurfn := Curfn
	Curfn = nil

	xtype := Nod(OTFUNC, nil, nil)
	i := 0
	var l *NodeList
	var callargs *NodeList
	ddd := false
	xfunc := Nod(ODCLFUNC, nil, nil)
	Curfn = xfunc
	var fld *Node
	var n *Node
	for t := getinargx(t0).Type; t != nil; t = t.Down {
	n = newname(Lookupf("a%d", i))
	i++
	n.Class = PPARAM
	xfunc.Func.Dcl = list(xfunc.Func.Dcl, n)
	callargs = list(callargs, n)
	fld = Nod(ODCLFIELD, n, typenod(t.Type))
	if t.Isddd {
	fld.Isddd = true
	ddd = true
	}

	l = list(l, fld)
	}

	xtype.List = l
	i = 0
	l = nil
	var retargs *NodeList
	for t := getoutargx(t0).Type; t != nil; t = t.Down {
	n = newname(Lookupf("r%d", i))
	i++
	n.Class = PPARAMOUT
	xfunc.Func.Dcl = list(xfunc.Func.Dcl, n)
	retargs = list(retargs, n)
	l = list(l, Nod(ODCLFIELD, n, typenod(t.Type)))
	}

	xtype.Rlist = l

	xfunc.Func.Dupok = true
	xfunc.Nname = newfuncname(sym)
	xfunc.Nname.Sym.Flags \|= SymExported // disable export
	xfunc.Nname.Ntype = xtype
	xfunc.Nname.Defn = xfunc
	declare(xfunc.Nname, PFUNC)

	// Declare and initialize variable holding receiver.

	xfunc.Func.Needctxt = true
	cv := Nod(OCLOSUREVAR, nil, nil)
	cv.Xoffset = int64(Widthptr)
	cv.Type = rcvrtype
	if int(cv.Type.Align) > Widthptr {
	cv.Xoffset = int64(cv.Type.Align)
	}
	ptr := Nod(ONAME, nil, nil)
	ptr.Sym = Lookup("rcvr")
	ptr.Class = PAUTO
	ptr.Addable = 1
	ptr.Ullman = 1
	ptr.Used = true
	ptr.Curfn = xfunc
	xfunc.Func.Dcl = list(xfunc.Func.Dcl, ptr)
	var body *NodeList
	if Isptr[rcvrtype.Etype] \|\| Isinter(rcvrtype) {
	ptr.Ntype = typenod(rcvrtype)
	body = list(body, Nod(OAS, ptr, cv))
	} else {
	ptr.Ntype = typenod(Ptrto(rcvrtype))
	body = list(body, Nod(OAS, ptr, Nod(OADDR, cv, nil)))
	}

	call := Nod(OCALL, Nod(OXDOT, ptr, meth), nil)
	call.List = callargs
	call.Isddd = ddd
	if t0.Outtuple == 0 {
	body = list(body, call)
	} else {
	n := Nod(OAS2, nil, nil)
	n.List = retargs
	n.Rlist = list1(call)
	body = list(body, n)
	n = Nod(ORETURN, nil, nil)
	body = list(body, n)
	}

	xfunc.Nbody = body

	typecheck(&xfunc, Etop)
	sym.Def = xfunc
	xtop = list(xtop, xfunc)
	Curfn = savecurfn

	return xfunc
	}

	func walkpartialcall(n Node, init NodeList) Node {
	// Create closure in the form of a composite literal.
	// For x.M with receiver (x) type T, the generated code looks like:
	//
	// clos = &struct{F uintptr; R T}{M.T·f, x}
	//
	// Like walkclosure above.

	if Isinter(n.Left.Type) {
	// Trigger panic for method on nil interface now.
	// Otherwise it happens in the wrapper and is confusing.
	n.Left = cheapexpr(n.Left, init)

	checknil(n.Left, init)
	}

	typ := Nod(OTSTRUCT, nil, nil)
	typ.List = list1(Nod(ODCLFIELD, newname(Lookup("F")), typenod(Types[TUINTPTR])))
	typ.List = list(typ.List, Nod(ODCLFIELD, newname(Lookup("R")), typenod(n.Left.Type)))

	clos := Nod(OCOMPLIT, nil, Nod(OIND, typ, nil))
	clos.Esc = n.Esc
	clos.Right.Implicit = true
	clos.List = list1(Nod(OCFUNC, n.Nname.Nname, nil))
	clos.List = list(clos.List, n.Left)

	// Force type conversion from *struct to the func type.
	clos = Nod(OCONVNOP, clos, nil)

	clos.Type = n.Type

	typecheck(&clos, Erv)

	// typecheck will insert a PTRLIT node under CONVNOP,
	// tag it with escape analysis result.
	clos.Left.Esc = n.Esc

	// non-escaping temp to use, if any.
	// orderexpr did not compute the type; fill it in now.
	if n.Alloc != nil {
	n.Alloc.Type = clos.Left.Left.Type
	n.Alloc.Orig.Type = n.Alloc.Type
	clos.Left.Right = n.Alloc
	n.Alloc = nil
	}

	walkexpr(&clos, init)

	return clos
	}