src/runtime/crash_cgo_test.go - go - Git at Google

 // Copyright 2012 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
 // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
 // license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

 // +build cgo

 package runtime_test

 import (
 	"bytes"
 	"fmt"
 	"internal/testenv"
 	"os"
 	"os/exec"
 	"runtime"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
 )

 func TestCgoCrashHandler(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	testCrashHandler(t, true)
 }

 func TestCgoSignalDeadlock(t *testing.T) {
 	// Don't call t.Parallel, since too much work going on at the
 	// same time can cause the testprogcgo code to overrun its
 	// timeouts (issue #18598).

 	if testing.Short() && runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
 		t.Skip("Skipping in short mode") // takes up to 64 seconds
 	}
 	got := runTestProg(t, "testprogcgo", "CgoSignalDeadlock")
 	want := "OK\n"
 	if got != want {
 		t.Fatalf("expected %q, but got:\n%s", want, got)
 	}
 }

 func TestCgoTraceback(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	got := runTestProg(t, "testprogcgo", "CgoTraceback")
 	want := "OK\n"
 	if got != want {
 		t.Fatalf("expected %q, but got:\n%s", want, got)
 	}
 }

 func TestCgoCallbackGC(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	switch runtime.GOOS {
 	case "plan9", "windows":
 		t.Skipf("no pthreads on %s", runtime.GOOS)
 	}
 	if testing.Short() {
 		switch {
 		case runtime.GOOS == "dragonfly":
 			t.Skip("see golang.org/issue/11990")
 		case runtime.GOOS == "linux" && runtime.GOARCH == "arm":
 			t.Skip("too slow for arm builders")
 		case runtime.GOOS == "linux" && (runtime.GOARCH == "mips64" || runtime.GOARCH == "mips64le"):
 			t.Skip("too slow for mips64x builders")
 		}
 	}
 	got := runTestProg(t, "testprogcgo", "CgoCallbackGC")
 	want := "OK\n"
 	if got != want {
 		t.Fatalf("expected %q, but got:\n%s", want, got)
 	}
 }

 func TestCgoExternalThreadPanic(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	if runtime.GOOS == "plan9" {
 		t.Skipf("no pthreads on %s", runtime.GOOS)
 	}
 	got := runTestProg(t, "testprogcgo", "CgoExternalThreadPanic")
 	want := "panic: BOOM"
 	if !strings.Contains(got, want) {
 		t.Fatalf("want failure containing %q. output:\n%s\n", want, got)
 	}
 }

 func TestCgoExternalThreadSIGPROF(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	// issue 9456.
 	switch runtime.GOOS {
 	case "plan9", "windows":
 		t.Skipf("no pthreads on %s", runtime.GOOS)
 	case "darwin":
 		if runtime.GOARCH != "arm" && runtime.GOARCH != "arm64" {
 			// static constructor needs external linking, but we don't support
 			// external linking on OS X 10.6.
 			out, err := exec.Command("uname", "-r").Output()
 			if err != nil {
 				t.Fatalf("uname -r failed: %v", err)
 			}
 			// OS X 10.6 == Darwin 10.x
 			if strings.HasPrefix(string(out), "10.") {
 				t.Skipf("no external linking on OS X 10.6")
 			}
 		}
 	}
 	if runtime.GOARCH == "ppc64" {
 		// TODO(austin) External linking not implemented on
 		// ppc64 (issue #8912)
 		t.Skipf("no external linking on ppc64")
 	}

 	exe, err := buildTestProg(t, "testprogcgo", "-tags=threadprof")
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}

 	got, err := testEnv(exec.Command(exe, "CgoExternalThreadSIGPROF")).CombinedOutput()
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("exit status: %v\n%s", err, got)
 	}

 	if want := "OK\n"; string(got) != want {
 		t.Fatalf("expected %q, but got:\n%s", want, got)
 	}
 }

 func TestCgoExternalThreadSignal(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	// issue 10139
 	switch runtime.GOOS {
 	case "plan9", "windows":
 		t.Skipf("no pthreads on %s", runtime.GOOS)
 	}

 	exe, err := buildTestProg(t, "testprogcgo", "-tags=threadprof")
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}

 	got, err := testEnv(exec.Command(exe, "CgoExternalThreadSIGPROF")).CombinedOutput()
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("exit status: %v\n%s", err, got)
 	}

 	want := []byte("OK\n")
 	if !bytes.Equal(got, want) {
 		t.Fatalf("expected %q, but got:\n%s", want, got)
 	}
 }

 func TestCgoDLLImports(t *testing.T) {
 	// test issue 9356
 	if runtime.GOOS != "windows" {
 		t.Skip("skipping windows specific test")
 	}
 	got := runTestProg(t, "testprogcgo", "CgoDLLImportsMain")
 	want := "OK\n"
 	if got != want {
 		t.Fatalf("expected %q, but got %v", want, got)
 	}
 }

 func TestCgoExecSignalMask(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	// Test issue 13164.
 	switch runtime.GOOS {
 	case "windows", "plan9":
 		t.Skipf("skipping signal mask test on %s", runtime.GOOS)
 	}
 	got := runTestProg(t, "testprogcgo", "CgoExecSignalMask")
 	want := "OK\n"
 	if got != want {
 		t.Errorf("expected %q, got %v", want, got)
 	}
 }

 func TestEnsureDropM(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	// Test for issue 13881.
 	switch runtime.GOOS {
 	case "windows", "plan9":
 		t.Skipf("skipping dropm test on %s", runtime.GOOS)
 	}
 	got := runTestProg(t, "testprogcgo", "EnsureDropM")
 	want := "OK\n"
 	if got != want {
 		t.Errorf("expected %q, got %v", want, got)
 	}
 }

 // Test for issue 14387.
 // Test that the program that doesn't need any cgo pointer checking
 // takes about the same amount of time with it as without it.
 func TestCgoCheckBytes(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	// Make sure we don't count the build time as part of the run time.
 	testenv.MustHaveGoBuild(t)
 	exe, err := buildTestProg(t, "testprogcgo")
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}

 	// Try it 10 times to avoid flakiness.
 	const tries = 10
 	var tot1, tot2 time.Duration
 	for i := 0; i < tries; i++ {
 		cmd := testEnv(exec.Command(exe, "CgoCheckBytes"))
 		cmd.Env = append(cmd.Env, "GODEBUG=cgocheck=0", fmt.Sprintf("GO_CGOCHECKBYTES_TRY=%d", i))

 		start := time.Now()
 		cmd.Run()
 		d1 := time.Since(start)

 		cmd = testEnv(exec.Command(exe, "CgoCheckBytes"))
 		cmd.Env = append(cmd.Env, fmt.Sprintf("GO_CGOCHECKBYTES_TRY=%d", i))

 		start = time.Now()
 		cmd.Run()
 		d2 := time.Since(start)

 		if d1*20 > d2 {
 			// The slow version (d2) was less than 20 times
 			// slower than the fast version (d1), so OK.
 			return
 		}

 		tot1 += d1
 		tot2 += d2
 	}

 	t.Errorf("cgo check too slow: got %v, expected at most %v", tot2/tries, (tot1/tries)*20)
 }

 func TestCgoPanicDeadlock(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	// test issue 14432
 	got := runTestProg(t, "testprogcgo", "CgoPanicDeadlock")
 	want := "panic: cgo error\n\n"
 	if !strings.HasPrefix(got, want) {
 		t.Fatalf("output does not start with %q:\n%s", want, got)
 	}
 }

 func TestCgoCCodeSIGPROF(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	got := runTestProg(t, "testprogcgo", "CgoCCodeSIGPROF")
 	want := "OK\n"
 	if got != want {
 		t.Errorf("expected %q got %v", want, got)
 	}
 }

 func TestCgoCrashTraceback(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	if runtime.GOOS != "linux" || runtime.GOARCH != "amd64" {
 		t.Skipf("not yet supported on %s/%s", runtime.GOOS, runtime.GOARCH)
 	}
 	got := runTestProg(t, "testprogcgo", "CrashTraceback")
 	for i := 1; i <= 3; i++ {
 		if !strings.Contains(got, fmt.Sprintf("cgo symbolizer:%d", i)) {
 			t.Errorf("missing cgo symbolizer:%d", i)
 		}
 	}
 }

 func TestCgoTracebackContext(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	got := runTestProg(t, "testprogcgo", "TracebackContext")
 	want := "OK\n"
 	if got != want {
 		t.Errorf("expected %q got %v", want, got)
 	}
 }

 func testCgoPprof(t *testing.T, buildArg, runArg string) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	if runtime.GOOS != "linux" || runtime.GOARCH != "amd64" {
 		t.Skipf("not yet supported on %s/%s", runtime.GOOS, runtime.GOARCH)
 	}
 	testenv.MustHaveGoRun(t)

 	exe, err := buildTestProg(t, "testprogcgo", buildArg)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}

 	got, err := testEnv(exec.Command(exe, runArg)).CombinedOutput()
 	if err != nil {
 		if testenv.Builder() == "linux-amd64-alpine" {
 			// See Issue 18243 and Issue 19938.
 			t.Skipf("Skipping failing test on Alpine (golang.org/issue/18243). Ignoring error: %v", err)
 		}
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	fn := strings.TrimSpace(string(got))
 	defer os.Remove(fn)

 	for try := 0; try < 2; try++ {
 		cmd := testEnv(exec.Command(testenv.GoToolPath(t), "tool", "pprof", "-top", "-nodecount=1"))
 		// Check that pprof works both with and without explicit executable on command line.
 		if try == 0 {
 			cmd.Args = append(cmd.Args, exe, fn)
 		} else {
 			cmd.Args = append(cmd.Args, fn)
 		}

 		found := false
 		for i, e := range cmd.Env {
 			if strings.HasPrefix(e, "PPROF_TMPDIR=") {
 				cmd.Env[i] = "PPROF_TMPDIR=" + os.TempDir()
 				found = true
 				break
 			}
 		}
 		if !found {
 			cmd.Env = append(cmd.Env, "PPROF_TMPDIR="+os.TempDir())
 		}

 		top, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
 		t.Logf("%s:\n%s", cmd.Args, top)
 		if err != nil {
 			t.Error(err)
 		} else if !bytes.Contains(top, []byte("cpuHog")) {
 			t.Error("missing cpuHog in pprof output")
 		}
 	}
 }

 func TestCgoPprof(t *testing.T) {
 	testCgoPprof(t, "", "CgoPprof")
 }

 func TestCgoPprofPIE(t *testing.T) {
 	testCgoPprof(t, "-ldflags=-extldflags=-pie", "CgoPprof")
 }

 func TestCgoPprofThread(t *testing.T) {
 	testCgoPprof(t, "", "CgoPprofThread")
 }

 func TestCgoPprofThreadNoTraceback(t *testing.T) {
 	testCgoPprof(t, "", "CgoPprofThreadNoTraceback")
 }

 func TestRaceProf(t *testing.T) {
 	if runtime.GOOS != "linux" || runtime.GOARCH != "amd64" {
 		t.Skipf("not yet supported on %s/%s", runtime.GOOS, runtime.GOARCH)
 	}

 	testenv.MustHaveGoRun(t)

 	// This test requires building various packages with -race, so
 	// it's somewhat slow.
 	if testing.Short() {
 		t.Skip("skipping test in -short mode")
 	}

 	exe, err := buildTestProg(t, "testprogcgo", "-race")
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}

 	got, err := testEnv(exec.Command(exe, "CgoRaceprof")).CombinedOutput()
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	want := "OK\n"
 	if string(got) != want {
 		t.Errorf("expected %q got %s", want, got)
 	}
 }

 func TestRaceSignal(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	if runtime.GOOS != "linux" || runtime.GOARCH != "amd64" {
 		t.Skipf("not yet supported on %s/%s", runtime.GOOS, runtime.GOARCH)
 	}

 	testenv.MustHaveGoRun(t)

 	// This test requires building various packages with -race, so
 	// it's somewhat slow.
 	if testing.Short() {
 		t.Skip("skipping test in -short mode")
 	}

 	exe, err := buildTestProg(t, "testprogcgo", "-race")
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}

 	got, err := testEnv(exec.Command(exe, "CgoRaceSignal")).CombinedOutput()
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Logf("%s\n", got)
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 	want := "OK\n"
 	if string(got) != want {
 		t.Errorf("expected %q got %s", want, got)
 	}
 }

 func TestCgoNumGoroutine(t *testing.T) {
 	switch runtime.GOOS {
 	case "windows", "plan9":
 		t.Skipf("skipping numgoroutine test on %s", runtime.GOOS)
 	}
 	t.Parallel()
 	got := runTestProg(t, "testprogcgo", "NumGoroutine")
 	want := "OK\n"
 	if got != want {
 		t.Errorf("expected %q got %v", want, got)
 	}
 }

 func TestCatchPanic(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Parallel()
 	switch runtime.GOOS {
 	case "plan9", "windows":
 		t.Skipf("no signals on %s", runtime.GOOS)
 	case "darwin":
 		if runtime.GOARCH == "amd64" {
 			t.Skipf("crash() on darwin/amd64 doesn't raise SIGABRT")
 		}
 	}

 	testenv.MustHaveGoRun(t)

 	exe, err := buildTestProg(t, "testprogcgo")
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}

 	cmd := testEnv(exec.Command(exe, "CgoCatchPanic"))
 	// Make sure a panic results in a crash.
 	cmd.Env = append(cmd.Env, "GOTRACEBACK=crash")
 	// Tell testprogcgo to install an early signal handler for SIGABRT
 	cmd.Env = append(cmd.Env, "CGOCATCHPANIC_INSTALL_HANDLER=1")
 	if out, err := cmd.CombinedOutput(); err != nil {
 		t.Errorf("testprogcgo CgoCatchPanic failed: %v\n%s", err, out)
 	}
 }
	// Copyright 2012 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
	// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
	// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

	// +build cgo

	package runtime_test

	import (
	"bytes"
	"fmt"
	"internal/testenv"
	"os"
	"os/exec"
	"runtime"
	"strings"
	"testing"
	"time"
	)

	func TestCgoCrashHandler(t *testing.T) {
	t.Parallel()
	testCrashHandler(t, true)
	}

	func TestCgoSignalDeadlock(t *testing.T) {
	// Don't call t.Parallel, since too much work going on at the
	// same time can cause the testprogcgo code to overrun its
	// timeouts (issue #18598).

	if testing.Short() && runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
	t.Skip("Skipping in short mode") // takes up to 64 seconds
	}
	got := runTestProg(t, "testprogcgo", "CgoSignalDeadlock")
	want := "OK\n"
	if got != want {
	t.Fatalf("expected %q, but got:\n%s", want, got)
	}
	}

	func TestCgoTraceback(t *testing.T) {
	t.Parallel()
	got := runTestProg(t, "testprogcgo", "CgoTraceback")
	want := "OK\n"
	if got != want {
	t.Fatalf("expected %q, but got:\n%s", want, got)
	}
	}

	func TestCgoCallbackGC(t *testing.T) {
	t.Parallel()
	switch runtime.GOOS {
	case "plan9", "windows":
	t.Skipf("no pthreads on %s", runtime.GOOS)
	}
	if testing.Short() {
	switch {
	case runtime.GOOS == "dragonfly":
	t.Skip("see golang.org/issue/11990")
	case runtime.GOOS == "linux" && runtime.GOARCH == "arm":
	t.Skip("too slow for arm builders")
	case runtime.GOOS == "linux" && (runtime.GOARCH == "mips64" \|\| runtime.GOARCH == "mips64le"):
	t.Skip("too slow for mips64x builders")
	}
	}
	got := runTestProg(t, "testprogcgo", "CgoCallbackGC")
	want := "OK\n"
	if got != want {
	t.Fatalf("expected %q, but got:\n%s", want, got)
	}
	}

	func TestCgoExternalThreadPanic(t *testing.T) {
	t.Parallel()
	if runtime.GOOS == "plan9" {
	t.Skipf("no pthreads on %s", runtime.GOOS)
	}
	got := runTestProg(t, "testprogcgo", "CgoExternalThreadPanic")
	want := "panic: BOOM"
	if !strings.Contains(got, want) {
	t.Fatalf("want failure containing %q. output:\n%s\n", want, got)
	}
	}

	func TestCgoExternalThreadSIGPROF(t *testing.T) {
	t.Parallel()
	// issue 9456.
	switch runtime.GOOS {
	case "plan9", "windows":
	t.Skipf("no pthreads on %s", runtime.GOOS)
	case "darwin":
	if runtime.GOARCH != "arm" && runtime.GOARCH != "arm64" {
	// static constructor needs external linking, but we don't support
	// external linking on OS X 10.6.
	out, err := exec.Command("uname", "-r").Output()
	if err != nil {
	t.Fatalf("uname -r failed: %v", err)
	}
	// OS X 10.6 == Darwin 10.x
	if strings.HasPrefix(string(out), "10.") {
	t.Skipf("no external linking on OS X 10.6")
	}
	}
	}
	if runtime.GOARCH == "ppc64" {
	// TODO(austin) External linking not implemented on
	// ppc64 (issue #8912)
	t.Skipf("no external linking on ppc64")
	}

	exe, err := buildTestProg(t, "testprogcgo", "-tags=threadprof")
	if err != nil {
	t.Fatal(err)
	}

	got, err := testEnv(exec.Command(exe, "CgoExternalThreadSIGPROF")).CombinedOutput()
	if err != nil {
	t.Fatalf("exit status: %v\n%s", err, got)
	}

	if want := "OK\n"; string(got) != want {
	t.Fatalf("expected %q, but got:\n%s", want, got)
	}
	}

	func TestCgoExternalThreadSignal(t *testing.T) {
	t.Parallel()
	// issue 10139
	switch runtime.GOOS {
	case "plan9", "windows":
	t.Skipf("no pthreads on %s", runtime.GOOS)
	}

	exe, err := buildTestProg(t, "testprogcgo", "-tags=threadprof")
	if err != nil {
	t.Fatal(err)
	}

	got, err := testEnv(exec.Command(exe, "CgoExternalThreadSIGPROF")).CombinedOutput()
	if err != nil {
	t.Fatalf("exit status: %v\n%s", err, got)
	}

	want := []byte("OK\n")
	if !bytes.Equal(got, want) {
	t.Fatalf("expected %q, but got:\n%s", want, got)
	}
	}

	func TestCgoDLLImports(t *testing.T) {
	// test issue 9356
	if runtime.GOOS != "windows" {
	t.Skip("skipping windows specific test")
	}
	got := runTestProg(t, "testprogcgo", "CgoDLLImportsMain")
	want := "OK\n"
	if got != want {
	t.Fatalf("expected %q, but got %v", want, got)
	}
	}

	func TestCgoExecSignalMask(t *testing.T) {
	t.Parallel()
	// Test issue 13164.
	switch runtime.GOOS {
	case "windows", "plan9":
	t.Skipf("skipping signal mask test on %s", runtime.GOOS)
	}
	got := runTestProg(t, "testprogcgo", "CgoExecSignalMask")
	want := "OK\n"
	if got != want {
	t.Errorf("expected %q, got %v", want, got)
	}
	}

	func TestEnsureDropM(t *testing.T) {
	t.Parallel()
	// Test for issue 13881.
	switch runtime.GOOS {
	case "windows", "plan9":
	t.Skipf("skipping dropm test on %s", runtime.GOOS)
	}
	got := runTestProg(t, "testprogcgo", "EnsureDropM")
	want := "OK\n"
	if got != want {
	t.Errorf("expected %q, got %v", want, got)
	}
	}

	// Test for issue 14387.
	// Test that the program that doesn't need any cgo pointer checking
	// takes about the same amount of time with it as without it.
	func TestCgoCheckBytes(t *testing.T) {
	t.Parallel()
	// Make sure we don't count the build time as part of the run time.
	testenv.MustHaveGoBuild(t)
	exe, err := buildTestProg(t, "testprogcgo")
	if err != nil {
	t.Fatal(err)
	}

	// Try it 10 times to avoid flakiness.
	const tries = 10
	var tot1, tot2 time.Duration
	for i := 0; i < tries; i++ {
	cmd := testEnv(exec.Command(exe, "CgoCheckBytes"))
	cmd.Env = append(cmd.Env, "GODEBUG=cgocheck=0", fmt.Sprintf("GO_CGOCHECKBYTES_TRY=%d", i))

	start := time.Now()
	cmd.Run()
	d1 := time.Since(start)

	cmd = testEnv(exec.Command(exe, "CgoCheckBytes"))
	cmd.Env = append(cmd.Env, fmt.Sprintf("GO_CGOCHECKBYTES_TRY=%d", i))

	start = time.Now()
	cmd.Run()
	d2 := time.Since(start)

	if d1*20 > d2 {
	// The slow version (d2) was less than 20 times
	// slower than the fast version (d1), so OK.
	return
	}

	tot1 += d1
	tot2 += d2
	}

	t.Errorf("cgo check too slow: got %v, expected at most %v", tot2/tries, (tot1/tries)*20)
	}

	func TestCgoPanicDeadlock(t *testing.T) {
	t.Parallel()
	// test issue 14432
	got := runTestProg(t, "testprogcgo", "CgoPanicDeadlock")
	want := "panic: cgo error\n\n"
	if !strings.HasPrefix(got, want) {
	t.Fatalf("output does not start with %q:\n%s", want, got)
	}
	}

	func TestCgoCCodeSIGPROF(t *testing.T) {
	t.Parallel()
	got := runTestProg(t, "testprogcgo", "CgoCCodeSIGPROF")
	want := "OK\n"
	if got != want {
	t.Errorf("expected %q got %v", want, got)
	}
	}

	func TestCgoCrashTraceback(t *testing.T) {
	t.Parallel()
	if runtime.GOOS != "linux" \|\| runtime.GOARCH != "amd64" {
	t.Skipf("not yet supported on %s/%s", runtime.GOOS, runtime.GOARCH)
	}
	got := runTestProg(t, "testprogcgo", "CrashTraceback")
	for i := 1; i <= 3; i++ {
	if !strings.Contains(got, fmt.Sprintf("cgo symbolizer:%d", i)) {
	t.Errorf("missing cgo symbolizer:%d", i)
	}
	}
	}

	func TestCgoTracebackContext(t *testing.T) {
	t.Parallel()
	got := runTestProg(t, "testprogcgo", "TracebackContext")
	want := "OK\n"
	if got != want {
	t.Errorf("expected %q got %v", want, got)
	}
	}

	func testCgoPprof(t *testing.T, buildArg, runArg string) {
	t.Parallel()
	if runtime.GOOS != "linux" \|\| runtime.GOARCH != "amd64" {
	t.Skipf("not yet supported on %s/%s", runtime.GOOS, runtime.GOARCH)
	}
	testenv.MustHaveGoRun(t)

	exe, err := buildTestProg(t, "testprogcgo", buildArg)
	if err != nil {
	t.Fatal(err)
	}

	got, err := testEnv(exec.Command(exe, runArg)).CombinedOutput()
	if err != nil {
	if testenv.Builder() == "linux-amd64-alpine" {
	// See Issue 18243 and Issue 19938.
	t.Skipf("Skipping failing test on Alpine (golang.org/issue/18243). Ignoring error: %v", err)
	}
	t.Fatal(err)
	}
	fn := strings.TrimSpace(string(got))
	defer os.Remove(fn)

	for try := 0; try < 2; try++ {
	cmd := testEnv(exec.Command(testenv.GoToolPath(t), "tool", "pprof", "-top", "-nodecount=1"))
	// Check that pprof works both with and without explicit executable on command line.
	if try == 0 {
	cmd.Args = append(cmd.Args, exe, fn)
	} else {
	cmd.Args = append(cmd.Args, fn)
	}

	found := false
	for i, e := range cmd.Env {
	if strings.HasPrefix(e, "PPROF_TMPDIR=") {
	cmd.Env[i] = "PPROF_TMPDIR=" + os.TempDir()
	found = true
	break
	}
	}
	if !found {
	cmd.Env = append(cmd.Env, "PPROF_TMPDIR="+os.TempDir())
	}

	top, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
	t.Logf("%s:\n%s", cmd.Args, top)
	if err != nil {
	t.Error(err)
	} else if !bytes.Contains(top, []byte("cpuHog")) {
	t.Error("missing cpuHog in pprof output")
	}
	}
	}

	func TestCgoPprof(t *testing.T) {
	testCgoPprof(t, "", "CgoPprof")
	}

	func TestCgoPprofPIE(t *testing.T) {
	testCgoPprof(t, "-ldflags=-extldflags=-pie", "CgoPprof")
	}

	func TestCgoPprofThread(t *testing.T) {
	testCgoPprof(t, "", "CgoPprofThread")
	}

	func TestCgoPprofThreadNoTraceback(t *testing.T) {
	testCgoPprof(t, "", "CgoPprofThreadNoTraceback")
	}

	func TestRaceProf(t *testing.T) {
	if runtime.GOOS != "linux" \|\| runtime.GOARCH != "amd64" {
	t.Skipf("not yet supported on %s/%s", runtime.GOOS, runtime.GOARCH)
	}

	testenv.MustHaveGoRun(t)

	// This test requires building various packages with -race, so
	// it's somewhat slow.
	if testing.Short() {
	t.Skip("skipping test in -short mode")
	}

	exe, err := buildTestProg(t, "testprogcgo", "-race")
	if err != nil {
	t.Fatal(err)
	}

	got, err := testEnv(exec.Command(exe, "CgoRaceprof")).CombinedOutput()
	if err != nil {
	t.Fatal(err)
	}
	want := "OK\n"
	if string(got) != want {
	t.Errorf("expected %q got %s", want, got)
	}
	}

	func TestRaceSignal(t *testing.T) {
	t.Parallel()
	if runtime.GOOS != "linux" \|\| runtime.GOARCH != "amd64" {
	t.Skipf("not yet supported on %s/%s", runtime.GOOS, runtime.GOARCH)
	}

	testenv.MustHaveGoRun(t)

	// This test requires building various packages with -race, so
	// it's somewhat slow.
	if testing.Short() {
	t.Skip("skipping test in -short mode")
	}

	exe, err := buildTestProg(t, "testprogcgo", "-race")
	if err != nil {
	t.Fatal(err)
	}

	got, err := testEnv(exec.Command(exe, "CgoRaceSignal")).CombinedOutput()
	if err != nil {
	t.Logf("%s\n", got)
	t.Fatal(err)
	}
	want := "OK\n"
	if string(got) != want {
	t.Errorf("expected %q got %s", want, got)
	}
	}

	func TestCgoNumGoroutine(t *testing.T) {
	switch runtime.GOOS {
	case "windows", "plan9":
	t.Skipf("skipping numgoroutine test on %s", runtime.GOOS)
	}
	t.Parallel()
	got := runTestProg(t, "testprogcgo", "NumGoroutine")
	want := "OK\n"
	if got != want {
	t.Errorf("expected %q got %v", want, got)
	}
	}

	func TestCatchPanic(t *testing.T) {
	t.Parallel()
	switch runtime.GOOS {
	case "plan9", "windows":
	t.Skipf("no signals on %s", runtime.GOOS)
	case "darwin":
	if runtime.GOARCH == "amd64" {
	t.Skipf("crash() on darwin/amd64 doesn't raise SIGABRT")
	}
	}

	testenv.MustHaveGoRun(t)

	exe, err := buildTestProg(t, "testprogcgo")
	if err != nil {
	t.Fatal(err)
	}

	cmd := testEnv(exec.Command(exe, "CgoCatchPanic"))
	// Make sure a panic results in a crash.
	cmd.Env = append(cmd.Env, "GOTRACEBACK=crash")
	// Tell testprogcgo to install an early signal handler for SIGABRT
	cmd.Env = append(cmd.Env, "CGOCATCHPANIC_INSTALL_HANDLER=1")
	if out, err := cmd.CombinedOutput(); err != nil {
	t.Errorf("testprogcgo CgoCatchPanic failed: %v\n%s", err, out)
	}
	}