cmd/compile: make a better bogus line for empty infinite loops

The old recipe for making an infinite loop not be infinite
in the debugger could create an instruction (Prog) with a
line number not tied to any file (index == 0).  This caused
downstream failures in DWARF processing.

So don't do that.  Also adds a test, also adds a check+panic
to ensure that the next time this happens the error is less
mystifying.

Fixes #35652

Change-Id: I04f30bc94fdc4aef20dd9130561303ff84fd945e
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/c/go/+/207613
Run-TryBot: David Chase <drchase@google.com>
TryBot-Result: Gobot Gobot <gobot@golang.org>
Reviewed-by: Cherry Zhang <cherryyz@google.com>
3 files changed
tree: 262cea6a84d3ac76352f52378440d134d13fa6fb
  1. .github/
  2. api/
  3. doc/
  4. lib/
  5. misc/
  6. src/
  7. test/
  8. .gitattributes
  9. .gitignore
  10. AUTHORS
  11. CONTRIBUTING.md
  12. CONTRIBUTORS
  13. favicon.ico
  14. LICENSE
  15. PATENTS
  16. README.md
  17. robots.txt
  18. SECURITY.md
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