src/math/tanh.go

// Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

package math

// The original C code, the long comment, and the constants
// below were from http://netlib.sandia.gov/cephes/cmath/sin.c,
// available from http://www.netlib.org/cephes/cmath.tgz.
// The go code is a simplified version of the original C.
//      tanh.c
//
//      Hyperbolic tangent
//
// SYNOPSIS:
//
// double x, y, tanh();
//
// y = tanh( x );
//
// DESCRIPTION:
//
// Returns hyperbolic tangent of argument in the range MINLOG to MAXLOG.
//      MAXLOG = 8.8029691931113054295988e+01 = log(2**127)
//      MINLOG = -8.872283911167299960540e+01 = log(2**-128)
//
// A rational function is used for |x| < 0.625.  The form
// x + x**3 P(x)/Q(x) of Cody & Waite is employed.
// Otherwise,
//      tanh(x) = sinh(x)/cosh(x) = 1  -  2/(exp(2x) + 1).
//
// ACCURACY:
//
//                      Relative error:
// arithmetic   domain     # trials      peak         rms
//    IEEE      -2,2        30000       2.5e-16     5.8e-17
//
// Cephes Math Library Release 2.8:  June, 2000
// Copyright 1984, 1987, 1989, 1992, 2000 by Stephen L. Moshier
//
// The readme file at http://netlib.sandia.gov/cephes/ says:
//    Some software in this archive may be from the book _Methods and
// Programs for Mathematical Functions_ (Prentice-Hall or Simon & Schuster
// International, 1989) or from the Cephes Mathematical Library, a
// commercial product. In either event, it is copyrighted by the author.
// What you see here may be used freely but it comes with no support or
// guarantee.
//
//   The two known misprints in the book are repaired here in the
// source listings for the gamma function and the incomplete beta
// integral.
//
//   Stephen L. Moshier
//   moshier@na-net.ornl.gov
//

var tanhP = [...]float64{
	-9.64399179425052238628E-1,
	-9.92877231001918586564E1,
	-1.61468768441708447952E3,
}
var tanhQ = [...]float64{
	1.12811678491632931402E2,
	2.23548839060100448583E3,
	4.84406305325125486048E3,
}

// Tanh returns the hyperbolic tangent of x.
//
// Special cases are:
//	Tanh(±0) = ±0
//	Tanh(±Inf) = ±1
//	Tanh(NaN) = NaN
func Tanh(x float64) float64 {
	const MAXLOG = 8.8029691931113054295988e+01 // log(2**127)
	z := Abs(x)
	switch {
	case z > 0.5*MAXLOG:
		if x < 0 {
			return -1
		}
		return 1
	case z >= 0.625:
		s := Exp(2 * z)
		z = 1 - 2/(s+1)
		if x < 0 {
			z = -z
		}
	default:
		if x == 0 {
			return x
		}
		s := x * x
		z = x + x*s*((tanhP[0]*s+tanhP[1])*s+tanhP[2])/(((s+tanhQ[0])*s+tanhQ[1])*s+tanhQ[2])
	}
	return z
}