src/net/fd_unix.go - go - Git at Google

 // Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
 // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
 // license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

 // +build darwin dragonfly freebsd linux nacl netbsd openbsd solaris

 package net

 import (
 	"io"
 	"os"
 	"runtime"
 	"sync/atomic"
 	"syscall"
 	"time"
 )

 // Network file descriptor.
 type netFD struct {
 	// locking/lifetime of sysfd + serialize access to Read and Write methods
 	fdmu fdMutex

 	// immutable until Close
 	sysfd       int
 	family      int
 	sotype      int
 	isConnected bool
 	net         string
 	laddr       Addr
 	raddr       Addr

 	// wait server
 	pd pollDesc
 }

 func sysInit() {
 }

 func dial(network string, ra Addr, dialer func(time.Time) (Conn, error), deadline time.Time) (Conn, error) {
 	return dialer(deadline)
 }

 func newFD(sysfd, family, sotype int, net string) (*netFD, error) {
 	return &netFD{sysfd: sysfd, family: family, sotype: sotype, net: net}, nil
 }

 func (fd *netFD) init() error {
 	if err := fd.pd.Init(fd); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	return nil
 }

 func (fd *netFD) setAddr(laddr, raddr Addr) {
 	fd.laddr = laddr
 	fd.raddr = raddr
 	runtime.SetFinalizer(fd, (*netFD).Close)
 }

 func (fd *netFD) name() string {
 	var ls, rs string
 	if fd.laddr != nil {
 		ls = fd.laddr.String()
 	}
 	if fd.raddr != nil {
 		rs = fd.raddr.String()
 	}
 	return fd.net + ":" + ls + "->" + rs
 }

 func (fd *netFD) connect(la, ra syscall.Sockaddr, deadline time.Time) error {
 	// Do not need to call fd.writeLock here,
 	// because fd is not yet accessible to user,
 	// so no concurrent operations are possible.
 	switch err := syscall.Connect(fd.sysfd, ra); err {
 	case syscall.EINPROGRESS, syscall.EALREADY, syscall.EINTR:
 	case nil, syscall.EISCONN:
 		if !deadline.IsZero() && deadline.Before(time.Now()) {
 			return errTimeout
 		}
 		if err := fd.init(); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 		return nil
 	case syscall.EINVAL:
 		// On Solaris we can see EINVAL if the socket has
 		// already been accepted and closed by the server.
 		// Treat this as a successful connection--writes to
 		// the socket will see EOF.  For details and a test
 		// case in C see http://golang.org/issue/6828.
 		if runtime.GOOS == "solaris" {
 			return nil
 		}
 		fallthrough
 	default:
 		return err
 	}
 	if err := fd.init(); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	if !deadline.IsZero() {
 		fd.setWriteDeadline(deadline)
 		defer fd.setWriteDeadline(noDeadline)
 	}
 	for {
 		// Performing multiple connect system calls on a
 		// non-blocking socket under Unix variants does not
 		// necessarily result in earlier errors being
 		// returned. Instead, once runtime-integrated network
 		// poller tells us that the socket is ready, get the
 		// SO_ERROR socket option to see if the connection
 		// succeeded or failed. See issue 7474 for further
 		// details.
 		if err := fd.pd.WaitWrite(); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 		nerr, err := syscall.GetsockoptInt(fd.sysfd, syscall.SOL_SOCKET, syscall.SO_ERROR)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 		switch err := syscall.Errno(nerr); err {
 		case syscall.EINPROGRESS, syscall.EALREADY, syscall.EINTR:
 		case syscall.Errno(0), syscall.EISCONN:
 			return nil
 		default:
 			return err
 		}
 	}
 }

 func (fd *netFD) destroy() {
 	// Poller may want to unregister fd in readiness notification mechanism,
 	// so this must be executed before closesocket.
 	fd.pd.Close()
 	closesocket(fd.sysfd)
 	fd.sysfd = -1
 	runtime.SetFinalizer(fd, nil)
 }

 // Add a reference to this fd.
 // Returns an error if the fd cannot be used.
 func (fd *netFD) incref() error {
 	if !fd.fdmu.Incref() {
 		return errClosing
 	}
 	return nil
 }

 // Remove a reference to this FD and close if we've been asked to do so
 // (and there are no references left).
 func (fd *netFD) decref() {
 	if fd.fdmu.Decref() {
 		fd.destroy()
 	}
 }

 // Add a reference to this fd and lock for reading.
 // Returns an error if the fd cannot be used.
 func (fd *netFD) readLock() error {
 	if !fd.fdmu.RWLock(true) {
 		return errClosing
 	}
 	return nil
 }

 // Unlock for reading and remove a reference to this FD.
 func (fd *netFD) readUnlock() {
 	if fd.fdmu.RWUnlock(true) {
 		fd.destroy()
 	}
 }

 // Add a reference to this fd and lock for writing.
 // Returns an error if the fd cannot be used.
 func (fd *netFD) writeLock() error {
 	if !fd.fdmu.RWLock(false) {
 		return errClosing
 	}
 	return nil
 }

 // Unlock for writing and remove a reference to this FD.
 func (fd *netFD) writeUnlock() {
 	if fd.fdmu.RWUnlock(false) {
 		fd.destroy()
 	}
 }

 func (fd *netFD) Close() error {
 	if !fd.fdmu.IncrefAndClose() {
 		return errClosing
 	}
 	// Unblock any I/O.  Once it all unblocks and returns,
 	// so that it cannot be referring to fd.sysfd anymore,
 	// the final decref will close fd.sysfd.  This should happen
 	// fairly quickly, since all the I/O is non-blocking, and any
 	// attempts to block in the pollDesc will return errClosing.
 	fd.pd.Evict()
 	fd.decref()
 	return nil
 }

 func (fd *netFD) shutdown(how int) error {
 	if err := fd.incref(); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	defer fd.decref()
 	err := syscall.Shutdown(fd.sysfd, how)
 	if err != nil {
 		return &OpError{"shutdown", fd.net, fd.laddr, err}
 	}
 	return nil
 }

 func (fd *netFD) closeRead() error {
 	return fd.shutdown(syscall.SHUT_RD)
 }

 func (fd *netFD) closeWrite() error {
 	return fd.shutdown(syscall.SHUT_WR)
 }

 func (fd *netFD) Read(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
 	if err := fd.readLock(); err != nil {
 		return 0, err
 	}
 	defer fd.readUnlock()
 	if err := fd.pd.PrepareRead(); err != nil {
 		return 0, &OpError{"read", fd.net, fd.raddr, err}
 	}
 	for {
 		n, err = syscall.Read(int(fd.sysfd), p)
 		if err != nil {
 			n = 0
 			if err == syscall.EAGAIN {
 				if err = fd.pd.WaitRead(); err == nil {
 					continue
 				}
 			}
 		}
 		err = fd.eofError(n, err)
 		break
 	}
 	if err != nil && err != io.EOF {
 		err = &OpError{"read", fd.net, fd.raddr, err}
 	}
 	return
 }

 func (fd *netFD) readFrom(p []byte) (n int, sa syscall.Sockaddr, err error) {
 	if err := fd.readLock(); err != nil {
 		return 0, nil, err
 	}
 	defer fd.readUnlock()
 	if err := fd.pd.PrepareRead(); err != nil {
 		return 0, nil, &OpError{"read", fd.net, fd.laddr, err}
 	}
 	for {
 		n, sa, err = syscall.Recvfrom(fd.sysfd, p, 0)
 		if err != nil {
 			n = 0
 			if err == syscall.EAGAIN {
 				if err = fd.pd.WaitRead(); err == nil {
 					continue
 				}
 			}
 		}
 		err = fd.eofError(n, err)
 		break
 	}
 	if err != nil && err != io.EOF {
 		err = &OpError{"read", fd.net, fd.laddr, err}
 	}
 	return
 }

 func (fd *netFD) readMsg(p []byte, oob []byte) (n, oobn, flags int, sa syscall.Sockaddr, err error) {
 	if err := fd.readLock(); err != nil {
 		return 0, 0, 0, nil, err
 	}
 	defer fd.readUnlock()
 	if err := fd.pd.PrepareRead(); err != nil {
 		return 0, 0, 0, nil, &OpError{"read", fd.net, fd.laddr, err}
 	}
 	for {
 		n, oobn, flags, sa, err = syscall.Recvmsg(fd.sysfd, p, oob, 0)
 		if err != nil {
 			// TODO(dfc) should n and oobn be set to 0
 			if err == syscall.EAGAIN {
 				if err = fd.pd.WaitRead(); err == nil {
 					continue
 				}
 			}
 		}
 		err = fd.eofError(n, err)
 		break
 	}
 	if err != nil && err != io.EOF {
 		err = &OpError{"read", fd.net, fd.laddr, err}
 	}
 	return
 }

 func (fd *netFD) Write(p []byte) (nn int, err error) {
 	if err := fd.writeLock(); err != nil {
 		return 0, err
 	}
 	defer fd.writeUnlock()
 	if err := fd.pd.PrepareWrite(); err != nil {
 		return 0, &OpError{"write", fd.net, fd.raddr, err}
 	}
 	for {
 		var n int
 		n, err = syscall.Write(int(fd.sysfd), p[nn:])
 		if n > 0 {
 			nn += n
 		}
 		if nn == len(p) {
 			break
 		}
 		if err == syscall.EAGAIN {
 			if err = fd.pd.WaitWrite(); err == nil {
 				continue
 			}
 		}
 		if err != nil {
 			n = 0
 			break
 		}
 		if n == 0 {
 			err = io.ErrUnexpectedEOF
 			break
 		}
 	}
 	if err != nil {
 		err = &OpError{"write", fd.net, fd.raddr, err}
 	}
 	return nn, err
 }

 func (fd *netFD) writeTo(p []byte, sa syscall.Sockaddr) (n int, err error) {
 	if err := fd.writeLock(); err != nil {
 		return 0, err
 	}
 	defer fd.writeUnlock()
 	if err := fd.pd.PrepareWrite(); err != nil {
 		return 0, &OpError{"write", fd.net, fd.raddr, err}
 	}
 	for {
 		err = syscall.Sendto(fd.sysfd, p, 0, sa)
 		if err == syscall.EAGAIN {
 			if err = fd.pd.WaitWrite(); err == nil {
 				continue
 			}
 		}
 		break
 	}
 	if err == nil {
 		n = len(p)
 	} else {
 		err = &OpError{"write", fd.net, fd.raddr, err}
 	}
 	return
 }

 func (fd *netFD) writeMsg(p []byte, oob []byte, sa syscall.Sockaddr) (n int, oobn int, err error) {
 	if err := fd.writeLock(); err != nil {
 		return 0, 0, err
 	}
 	defer fd.writeUnlock()
 	if err := fd.pd.PrepareWrite(); err != nil {
 		return 0, 0, &OpError{"write", fd.net, fd.raddr, err}
 	}
 	for {
 		n, err = syscall.SendmsgN(fd.sysfd, p, oob, sa, 0)
 		if err == syscall.EAGAIN {
 			if err = fd.pd.WaitWrite(); err == nil {
 				continue
 			}
 		}
 		break
 	}
 	if err == nil {
 		oobn = len(oob)
 	} else {
 		err = &OpError{"write", fd.net, fd.raddr, err}
 	}
 	return
 }

 func (fd *netFD) accept() (netfd *netFD, err error) {
 	if err := fd.readLock(); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	defer fd.readUnlock()

 	var s int
 	var rsa syscall.Sockaddr
 	if err = fd.pd.PrepareRead(); err != nil {
 		return nil, &OpError{"accept", fd.net, fd.laddr, err}
 	}
 	for {
 		s, rsa, err = accept(fd.sysfd)
 		if err != nil {
 			if err == syscall.EAGAIN {
 				if err = fd.pd.WaitRead(); err == nil {
 					continue
 				}
 			} else if err == syscall.ECONNABORTED {
 				// This means that a socket on the listen queue was closed
 				// before we Accept()ed it; it's a silly error, so try again.
 				continue
 			}
 			return nil, &OpError{"accept", fd.net, fd.laddr, err}
 		}
 		break
 	}

 	if netfd, err = newFD(s, fd.family, fd.sotype, fd.net); err != nil {
 		closesocket(s)
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	if err = netfd.init(); err != nil {
 		fd.Close()
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	lsa, _ := syscall.Getsockname(netfd.sysfd)
 	netfd.setAddr(netfd.addrFunc()(lsa), netfd.addrFunc()(rsa))
 	return netfd, nil
 }

 // tryDupCloexec indicates whether F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC should be used.
 // If the kernel doesn't support it, this is set to 0.
 var tryDupCloexec = int32(1)

 func dupCloseOnExec(fd int) (newfd int, err error) {
 	if atomic.LoadInt32(&tryDupCloexec) == 1 {
 		r0, _, e1 := syscall.Syscall(syscall.SYS_FCNTL, uintptr(fd), syscall.F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC, 0)
 		if runtime.GOOS == "darwin" && e1 == syscall.EBADF {
 			// On OS X 10.6 and below (but we only support
 			// >= 10.6), F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC is unsupported
 			// and fcntl there falls back (undocumented)
 			// to doing an ioctl instead, returning EBADF
 			// in this case because fd is not of the
 			// expected device fd type.  Treat it as
 			// EINVAL instead, so we fall back to the
 			// normal dup path.
 			// TODO: only do this on 10.6 if we can detect 10.6
 			// cheaply.
 			e1 = syscall.EINVAL
 		}
 		switch e1 {
 		case 0:
 			return int(r0), nil
 		case syscall.EINVAL:
 			// Old kernel. Fall back to the portable way
 			// from now on.
 			atomic.StoreInt32(&tryDupCloexec, 0)
 		default:
 			return -1, e1
 		}
 	}
 	return dupCloseOnExecOld(fd)
 }

 // dupCloseOnExecUnixOld is the traditional way to dup an fd and
 // set its O_CLOEXEC bit, using two system calls.
 func dupCloseOnExecOld(fd int) (newfd int, err error) {
 	syscall.ForkLock.RLock()
 	defer syscall.ForkLock.RUnlock()
 	newfd, err = syscall.Dup(fd)
 	if err != nil {
 		return -1, err
 	}
 	syscall.CloseOnExec(newfd)
 	return
 }

 func (fd *netFD) dup() (f *os.File, err error) {
 	ns, err := dupCloseOnExec(fd.sysfd)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, &OpError{"dup", fd.net, fd.laddr, err}
 	}

 	// We want blocking mode for the new fd, hence the double negative.
 	// This also puts the old fd into blocking mode, meaning that
 	// I/O will block the thread instead of letting us use the epoll server.
 	// Everything will still work, just with more threads.
 	if err = syscall.SetNonblock(ns, false); err != nil {
 		return nil, &OpError{"setnonblock", fd.net, fd.laddr, err}
 	}

 	return os.NewFile(uintptr(ns), fd.name()), nil
 }

 func closesocket(s int) error {
 	return syscall.Close(s)
 }
	// Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
	// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
	// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

	// +build darwin dragonfly freebsd linux nacl netbsd openbsd solaris

	package net

	import (
	"io"
	"os"
	"runtime"
	"sync/atomic"
	"syscall"
	"time"
	)

	// Network file descriptor.
	type netFD struct {
	// locking/lifetime of sysfd + serialize access to Read and Write methods
	fdmu fdMutex

	// immutable until Close
	sysfd int
	family int
	sotype int
	isConnected bool
	net string
	laddr Addr
	raddr Addr

	// wait server
	pd pollDesc
	}

	func sysInit() {
	}

	func dial(network string, ra Addr, dialer func(time.Time) (Conn, error), deadline time.Time) (Conn, error) {
	return dialer(deadline)
	}

	func newFD(sysfd, family, sotype int, net string) (*netFD, error) {
	return &netFD{sysfd: sysfd, family: family, sotype: sotype, net: net}, nil
	}

	func (fd *netFD) init() error {
	if err := fd.pd.Init(fd); err != nil {
	return err
	}
	return nil
	}

	func (fd *netFD) setAddr(laddr, raddr Addr) {
	fd.laddr = laddr
	fd.raddr = raddr
	runtime.SetFinalizer(fd, (*netFD).Close)
	}

	func (fd *netFD) name() string {
	var ls, rs string
	if fd.laddr != nil {
	ls = fd.laddr.String()
	}
	if fd.raddr != nil {
	rs = fd.raddr.String()
	}
	return fd.net + ":" + ls + "->" + rs
	}

	func (fd *netFD) connect(la, ra syscall.Sockaddr, deadline time.Time) error {
	// Do not need to call fd.writeLock here,
	// because fd is not yet accessible to user,
	// so no concurrent operations are possible.
	switch err := syscall.Connect(fd.sysfd, ra); err {
	case syscall.EINPROGRESS, syscall.EALREADY, syscall.EINTR:
	case nil, syscall.EISCONN:
	if !deadline.IsZero() && deadline.Before(time.Now()) {
	return errTimeout
	}
	if err := fd.init(); err != nil {
	return err
	}
	return nil
	case syscall.EINVAL:
	// On Solaris we can see EINVAL if the socket has
	// already been accepted and closed by the server.
	// Treat this as a successful connection--writes to
	// the socket will see EOF. For details and a test
	// case in C see http://golang.org/issue/6828.
	if runtime.GOOS == "solaris" {
	return nil
	}
	fallthrough
	default:
	return err
	}
	if err := fd.init(); err != nil {
	return err
	}
	if !deadline.IsZero() {
	fd.setWriteDeadline(deadline)
	defer fd.setWriteDeadline(noDeadline)
	}
	for {
	// Performing multiple connect system calls on a
	// non-blocking socket under Unix variants does not
	// necessarily result in earlier errors being
	// returned. Instead, once runtime-integrated network
	// poller tells us that the socket is ready, get the
	// SO_ERROR socket option to see if the connection
	// succeeded or failed. See issue 7474 for further
	// details.
	if err := fd.pd.WaitWrite(); err != nil {
	return err
	}
	nerr, err := syscall.GetsockoptInt(fd.sysfd, syscall.SOL_SOCKET, syscall.SO_ERROR)
	if err != nil {
	return err
	}
	switch err := syscall.Errno(nerr); err {
	case syscall.EINPROGRESS, syscall.EALREADY, syscall.EINTR:
	case syscall.Errno(0), syscall.EISCONN:
	return nil
	default:
	return err
	}
	}
	}

	func (fd *netFD) destroy() {
	// Poller may want to unregister fd in readiness notification mechanism,
	// so this must be executed before closesocket.
	fd.pd.Close()
	closesocket(fd.sysfd)
	fd.sysfd = -1
	runtime.SetFinalizer(fd, nil)
	}

	// Add a reference to this fd.
	// Returns an error if the fd cannot be used.
	func (fd *netFD) incref() error {
	if !fd.fdmu.Incref() {
	return errClosing
	}
	return nil
	}

	// Remove a reference to this FD and close if we've been asked to do so
	// (and there are no references left).
	func (fd *netFD) decref() {
	if fd.fdmu.Decref() {
	fd.destroy()
	}
	}

	// Add a reference to this fd and lock for reading.
	// Returns an error if the fd cannot be used.
	func (fd *netFD) readLock() error {
	if !fd.fdmu.RWLock(true) {
	return errClosing
	}
	return nil
	}

	// Unlock for reading and remove a reference to this FD.
	func (fd *netFD) readUnlock() {
	if fd.fdmu.RWUnlock(true) {
	fd.destroy()
	}
	}

	// Add a reference to this fd and lock for writing.
	// Returns an error if the fd cannot be used.
	func (fd *netFD) writeLock() error {
	if !fd.fdmu.RWLock(false) {
	return errClosing
	}
	return nil
	}

	// Unlock for writing and remove a reference to this FD.
	func (fd *netFD) writeUnlock() {
	if fd.fdmu.RWUnlock(false) {
	fd.destroy()
	}
	}

	func (fd *netFD) Close() error {
	if !fd.fdmu.IncrefAndClose() {
	return errClosing
	}
	// Unblock any I/O. Once it all unblocks and returns,
	// so that it cannot be referring to fd.sysfd anymore,
	// the final decref will close fd.sysfd. This should happen
	// fairly quickly, since all the I/O is non-blocking, and any
	// attempts to block in the pollDesc will return errClosing.
	fd.pd.Evict()
	fd.decref()
	return nil
	}

	func (fd *netFD) shutdown(how int) error {
	if err := fd.incref(); err != nil {
	return err
	}
	defer fd.decref()
	err := syscall.Shutdown(fd.sysfd, how)
	if err != nil {
	return &OpError{"shutdown", fd.net, fd.laddr, err}
	}
	return nil
	}

	func (fd *netFD) closeRead() error {
	return fd.shutdown(syscall.SHUT_RD)
	}

	func (fd *netFD) closeWrite() error {
	return fd.shutdown(syscall.SHUT_WR)
	}

	func (fd *netFD) Read(p []byte) (n int, err error) {
	if err := fd.readLock(); err != nil {
	return 0, err
	}
	defer fd.readUnlock()
	if err := fd.pd.PrepareRead(); err != nil {
	return 0, &OpError{"read", fd.net, fd.raddr, err}
	}
	for {
	n, err = syscall.Read(int(fd.sysfd), p)
	if err != nil {
	n = 0
	if err == syscall.EAGAIN {
	if err = fd.pd.WaitRead(); err == nil {
	continue
	}
	}
	}
	err = fd.eofError(n, err)
	break
	}
	if err != nil && err != io.EOF {
	err = &OpError{"read", fd.net, fd.raddr, err}
	}
	return
	}

	func (fd *netFD) readFrom(p []byte) (n int, sa syscall.Sockaddr, err error) {
	if err := fd.readLock(); err != nil {
	return 0, nil, err
	}
	defer fd.readUnlock()
	if err := fd.pd.PrepareRead(); err != nil {
	return 0, nil, &OpError{"read", fd.net, fd.laddr, err}
	}
	for {
	n, sa, err = syscall.Recvfrom(fd.sysfd, p, 0)
	if err != nil {
	n = 0
	if err == syscall.EAGAIN {
	if err = fd.pd.WaitRead(); err == nil {
	continue
	}
	}
	}
	err = fd.eofError(n, err)
	break
	}
	if err != nil && err != io.EOF {
	err = &OpError{"read", fd.net, fd.laddr, err}
	}
	return
	}

	func (fd *netFD) readMsg(p []byte, oob []byte) (n, oobn, flags int, sa syscall.Sockaddr, err error) {
	if err := fd.readLock(); err != nil {
	return 0, 0, 0, nil, err
	}
	defer fd.readUnlock()
	if err := fd.pd.PrepareRead(); err != nil {
	return 0, 0, 0, nil, &OpError{"read", fd.net, fd.laddr, err}
	}
	for {
	n, oobn, flags, sa, err = syscall.Recvmsg(fd.sysfd, p, oob, 0)
	if err != nil {
	// TODO(dfc) should n and oobn be set to 0
	if err == syscall.EAGAIN {
	if err = fd.pd.WaitRead(); err == nil {
	continue
	}
	}
	}
	err = fd.eofError(n, err)
	break
	}
	if err != nil && err != io.EOF {
	err = &OpError{"read", fd.net, fd.laddr, err}
	}
	return
	}

	func (fd *netFD) Write(p []byte) (nn int, err error) {
	if err := fd.writeLock(); err != nil {
	return 0, err
	}
	defer fd.writeUnlock()
	if err := fd.pd.PrepareWrite(); err != nil {
	return 0, &OpError{"write", fd.net, fd.raddr, err}
	}
	for {
	var n int
	n, err = syscall.Write(int(fd.sysfd), p[nn:])
	if n > 0 {
	nn += n
	}
	if nn == len(p) {
	break
	}
	if err == syscall.EAGAIN {
	if err = fd.pd.WaitWrite(); err == nil {
	continue
	}
	}
	if err != nil {
	n = 0
	break
	}
	if n == 0 {
	err = io.ErrUnexpectedEOF
	break
	}
	}
	if err != nil {
	err = &OpError{"write", fd.net, fd.raddr, err}
	}
	return nn, err
	}

	func (fd *netFD) writeTo(p []byte, sa syscall.Sockaddr) (n int, err error) {
	if err := fd.writeLock(); err != nil {
	return 0, err
	}
	defer fd.writeUnlock()
	if err := fd.pd.PrepareWrite(); err != nil {
	return 0, &OpError{"write", fd.net, fd.raddr, err}
	}
	for {
	err = syscall.Sendto(fd.sysfd, p, 0, sa)
	if err == syscall.EAGAIN {
	if err = fd.pd.WaitWrite(); err == nil {
	continue
	}
	}
	break
	}
	if err == nil {
	n = len(p)
	} else {
	err = &OpError{"write", fd.net, fd.raddr, err}
	}
	return
	}

	func (fd *netFD) writeMsg(p []byte, oob []byte, sa syscall.Sockaddr) (n int, oobn int, err error) {
	if err := fd.writeLock(); err != nil {
	return 0, 0, err
	}
	defer fd.writeUnlock()
	if err := fd.pd.PrepareWrite(); err != nil {
	return 0, 0, &OpError{"write", fd.net, fd.raddr, err}
	}
	for {
	n, err = syscall.SendmsgN(fd.sysfd, p, oob, sa, 0)
	if err == syscall.EAGAIN {
	if err = fd.pd.WaitWrite(); err == nil {
	continue
	}
	}
	break
	}
	if err == nil {
	oobn = len(oob)
	} else {
	err = &OpError{"write", fd.net, fd.raddr, err}
	}
	return
	}

	func (fd netFD) accept() (netfd netFD, err error) {
	if err := fd.readLock(); err != nil {
	return nil, err
	}
	defer fd.readUnlock()

	var s int
	var rsa syscall.Sockaddr
	if err = fd.pd.PrepareRead(); err != nil {
	return nil, &OpError{"accept", fd.net, fd.laddr, err}
	}
	for {
	s, rsa, err = accept(fd.sysfd)
	if err != nil {
	if err == syscall.EAGAIN {
	if err = fd.pd.WaitRead(); err == nil {
	continue
	}
	} else if err == syscall.ECONNABORTED {
	// This means that a socket on the listen queue was closed
	// before we Accept()ed it; it's a silly error, so try again.
	continue
	}
	return nil, &OpError{"accept", fd.net, fd.laddr, err}
	}
	break
	}

	if netfd, err = newFD(s, fd.family, fd.sotype, fd.net); err != nil {
	closesocket(s)
	return nil, err
	}
	if err = netfd.init(); err != nil {
	fd.Close()
	return nil, err
	}
	lsa, _ := syscall.Getsockname(netfd.sysfd)
	netfd.setAddr(netfd.addrFunc()(lsa), netfd.addrFunc()(rsa))
	return netfd, nil
	}

	// tryDupCloexec indicates whether F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC should be used.
	// If the kernel doesn't support it, this is set to 0.
	var tryDupCloexec = int32(1)

	func dupCloseOnExec(fd int) (newfd int, err error) {
	if atomic.LoadInt32(&tryDupCloexec) == 1 {
	r0, _, e1 := syscall.Syscall(syscall.SYS_FCNTL, uintptr(fd), syscall.F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC, 0)
	if runtime.GOOS == "darwin" && e1 == syscall.EBADF {
	// On OS X 10.6 and below (but we only support
	// >= 10.6), F_DUPFD_CLOEXEC is unsupported
	// and fcntl there falls back (undocumented)
	// to doing an ioctl instead, returning EBADF
	// in this case because fd is not of the
	// expected device fd type. Treat it as
	// EINVAL instead, so we fall back to the
	// normal dup path.
	// TODO: only do this on 10.6 if we can detect 10.6
	// cheaply.
	e1 = syscall.EINVAL
	}
	switch e1 {
	case 0:
	return int(r0), nil
	case syscall.EINVAL:
	// Old kernel. Fall back to the portable way
	// from now on.
	atomic.StoreInt32(&tryDupCloexec, 0)
	default:
	return -1, e1
	}
	}
	return dupCloseOnExecOld(fd)
	}

	// dupCloseOnExecUnixOld is the traditional way to dup an fd and
	// set its O_CLOEXEC bit, using two system calls.
	func dupCloseOnExecOld(fd int) (newfd int, err error) {
	syscall.ForkLock.RLock()
	defer syscall.ForkLock.RUnlock()
	newfd, err = syscall.Dup(fd)
	if err != nil {
	return -1, err
	}
	syscall.CloseOnExec(newfd)
	return
	}

	func (fd netFD) dup() (f os.File, err error) {
	ns, err := dupCloseOnExec(fd.sysfd)
	if err != nil {
	return nil, &OpError{"dup", fd.net, fd.laddr, err}
	}

	// We want blocking mode for the new fd, hence the double negative.
	// This also puts the old fd into blocking mode, meaning that
	// I/O will block the thread instead of letting us use the epoll server.
	// Everything will still work, just with more threads.
	if err = syscall.SetNonblock(ns, false); err != nil {
	return nil, &OpError{"setnonblock", fd.net, fd.laddr, err}
	}

	return os.NewFile(uintptr(ns), fd.name()), nil
	}

	func closesocket(s int) error {
	return syscall.Close(s)
	}