src/reflect/abi.go - go - Git at Google

 // Copyright 2021 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
 // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
 // license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

 package reflect

 import (
 	"internal/abi"
 	"internal/goarch"
 	"internal/goexperiment"
 	"unsafe"
 )

 // These variables are used by the register assignment
 // algorithm in this file.
 //
 // They should be modified with care (no other reflect code
 // may be executing) and are generally only modified
 // when testing this package.
 //
 // They should never be set higher than their internal/abi
 // constant counterparts, because the system relies on a
 // structure that is at least large enough to hold the
 // registers the system supports.
 //
 // Currently they're set to zero because using the actual
 // constants will break every part of the toolchain that
 // uses reflect to call functions (e.g. go test, or anything
 // that uses text/template). The values that are currently
 // commented out there should be the actual values once
 // we're ready to use the register ABI everywhere.
 var (
 	intArgRegs   = abi.IntArgRegs * goexperiment.RegabiArgsInt
 	floatArgRegs = abi.FloatArgRegs * goexperiment.RegabiArgsInt
 	floatRegSize = uintptr(abi.EffectiveFloatRegSize * goexperiment.RegabiArgsInt)
 )

 // abiStep represents an ABI "instruction." Each instruction
 // describes one part of how to translate between a Go value
 // in memory and a call frame.
 type abiStep struct {
 	kind abiStepKind

 	// offset and size together describe a part of a Go value
 	// in memory.
 	offset uintptr
 	size   uintptr // size in bytes of the part

 	// These fields describe the ABI side of the translation.
 	stkOff uintptr // stack offset, used if kind == abiStepStack
 	ireg   int     // integer register index, used if kind == abiStepIntReg or kind == abiStepPointer
 	freg   int     // FP register index, used if kind == abiStepFloatReg
 }

 // abiStepKind is the "op-code" for an abiStep instruction.
 type abiStepKind int

 const (
 	abiStepBad      abiStepKind = iota
 	abiStepStack                // copy to/from stack
 	abiStepIntReg               // copy to/from integer register
 	abiStepPointer              // copy pointer to/from integer register
 	abiStepFloatReg             // copy to/from FP register
 )

 // abiSeq represents a sequence of ABI instructions for copying
 // from a series of reflect.Values to a call frame (for call arguments)
 // or vice-versa (for call results).
 //
 // An abiSeq should be populated by calling its addArg method.
 type abiSeq struct {
 	// steps is the set of instructions.
 	//
 	// The instructions are grouped together by whole arguments,
 	// with the starting index for the instructions
 	// of the i'th Go value available in valueStart.
 	//
 	// For instance, if this abiSeq represents 3 arguments
 	// passed to a function, then the 2nd argument's steps
 	// begin at steps[valueStart[1]].
 	//
 	// Because reflect accepts Go arguments in distinct
 	// Values and each Value is stored separately, each abiStep
 	// that begins a new argument will have its offset
 	// field == 0.
 	steps      []abiStep
 	valueStart []int

 	stackBytes   uintptr // stack space used
 	iregs, fregs int     // registers used
 }

 func (a *abiSeq) dump() {
 	for i, p := range a.steps {
 		println("part", i, p.kind, p.offset, p.size, p.stkOff, p.ireg, p.freg)
 	}
 	print("values ")
 	for _, i := range a.valueStart {
 		print(i, " ")
 	}
 	println()
 	println("stack", a.stackBytes)
 	println("iregs", a.iregs)
 	println("fregs", a.fregs)
 }

 // stepsForValue returns the ABI instructions for translating
 // the i'th Go argument or return value represented by this
 // abiSeq to the Go ABI.
 func (a *abiSeq) stepsForValue(i int) []abiStep {
 	s := a.valueStart[i]
 	var e int
 	if i == len(a.valueStart)-1 {
 		e = len(a.steps)
 	} else {
 		e = a.valueStart[i+1]
 	}
 	return a.steps[s:e]
 }

 // addArg extends the abiSeq with a new Go value of type t.
 //
 // If the value was stack-assigned, returns the single
 // abiStep describing that translation, and nil otherwise.
 func (a *abiSeq) addArg(t *rtype) *abiStep {
 	// We'll always be adding a new value, so do that first.
 	pStart := len(a.steps)
 	a.valueStart = append(a.valueStart, pStart)
 	if t.size == 0 {
 		// If the size of the argument type is zero, then
 		// in order to degrade gracefully into ABI0, we need
 		// to stack-assign this type. The reason is that
 		// although zero-sized types take up no space on the
 		// stack, they do cause the next argument to be aligned.
 		// So just do that here, but don't bother actually
 		// generating a new ABI step for it (there's nothing to
 		// actually copy).
 		//
 		// We cannot handle this in the recursive case of
 		// regAssign because zero-sized *fields* of a
 		// non-zero-sized struct do not cause it to be
 		// stack-assigned. So we need a special case here
 		// at the top.
 		a.stackBytes = align(a.stackBytes, uintptr(t.align))
 		return nil
 	}
 	// Hold a copy of "a" so that we can roll back if
 	// register assignment fails.
 	aOld := *a
 	if !a.regAssign(t, 0) {
 		// Register assignment failed. Roll back any changes
 		// and stack-assign.
 		*a = aOld
 		a.stackAssign(t.size, uintptr(t.align))
 		return &a.steps[len(a.steps)-1]
 	}
 	return nil
 }

 // addRcvr extends the abiSeq with a new method call
 // receiver according to the interface calling convention.
 //
 // If the receiver was stack-assigned, returns the single
 // abiStep describing that translation, and nil otherwise.
 // Returns true if the receiver is a pointer.
 func (a *abiSeq) addRcvr(rcvr *rtype) (*abiStep, bool) {
 	// The receiver is always one word.
 	a.valueStart = append(a.valueStart, len(a.steps))
 	var ok, ptr bool
 	if ifaceIndir(rcvr) || rcvr.pointers() {
 		ok = a.assignIntN(0, goarch.PtrSize, 1, 0b1)
 		ptr = true
 	} else {
 		// TODO(mknyszek): Is this case even possible?
 		// The interface data work never contains a non-pointer
 		// value. This case was copied over from older code
 		// in the reflect package which only conditionally added
 		// a pointer bit to the reflect.(Value).Call stack frame's
 		// GC bitmap.
 		ok = a.assignIntN(0, goarch.PtrSize, 1, 0b0)
 		ptr = false
 	}
 	if !ok {
 		a.stackAssign(goarch.PtrSize, goarch.PtrSize)
 		return &a.steps[len(a.steps)-1], ptr
 	}
 	return nil, ptr
 }

 // regAssign attempts to reserve argument registers for a value of
 // type t, stored at some offset.
 //
 // It returns whether or not the assignment succeeded, but
 // leaves any changes it made to a.steps behind, so the caller
 // must undo that work by adjusting a.steps if it fails.
 //
 // This method along with the assign* methods represent the
 // complete register-assignment algorithm for the Go ABI.
 func (a *abiSeq) regAssign(t *rtype, offset uintptr) bool {
 	switch t.Kind() {
 	case UnsafePointer, Ptr, Chan, Map, Func:
 		return a.assignIntN(offset, t.size, 1, 0b1)
 	case Bool, Int, Uint, Int8, Uint8, Int16, Uint16, Int32, Uint32, Uintptr:
 		return a.assignIntN(offset, t.size, 1, 0b0)
 	case Int64, Uint64:
 		switch goarch.PtrSize {
 		case 4:
 			return a.assignIntN(offset, 4, 2, 0b0)
 		case 8:
 			return a.assignIntN(offset, 8, 1, 0b0)
 		}
 	case Float32, Float64:
 		return a.assignFloatN(offset, t.size, 1)
 	case Complex64:
 		return a.assignFloatN(offset, 4, 2)
 	case Complex128:
 		return a.assignFloatN(offset, 8, 2)
 	case String:
 		return a.assignIntN(offset, goarch.PtrSize, 2, 0b01)
 	case Interface:
 		return a.assignIntN(offset, goarch.PtrSize, 2, 0b10)
 	case Slice:
 		return a.assignIntN(offset, goarch.PtrSize, 3, 0b001)
 	case Array:
 		tt := (*arrayType)(unsafe.Pointer(t))
 		switch tt.len {
 		case 0:
 			// There's nothing to assign, so don't modify
 			// a.steps but succeed so the caller doesn't
 			// try to stack-assign this value.
 			return true
 		case 1:
 			return a.regAssign(tt.elem, offset)
 		default:
 			return false
 		}
 	case Struct:
 		st := (*structType)(unsafe.Pointer(t))
 		for i := range st.fields {
 			f := &st.fields[i]
 			if !a.regAssign(f.typ, offset+f.offset()) {
 				return false
 			}
 		}
 		return true
 	default:
 		print("t.Kind == ", t.Kind(), "\n")
 		panic("unknown type kind")
 	}
 	panic("unhandled register assignment path")
 }

 // assignIntN assigns n values to registers, each "size" bytes large,
 // from the data at [offset, offset+n*size) in memory. Each value at
 // [offset+i*size, offset+(i+1)*size) for i < n is assigned to the
 // next n integer registers.
 //
 // Bit i in ptrMap indicates whether the i'th value is a pointer.
 // n must be <= 8.
 //
 // Returns whether assignment succeeded.
 func (a *abiSeq) assignIntN(offset, size uintptr, n int, ptrMap uint8) bool {
 	if n > 8 || n < 0 {
 		panic("invalid n")
 	}
 	if ptrMap != 0 && size != goarch.PtrSize {
 		panic("non-empty pointer map passed for non-pointer-size values")
 	}
 	if a.iregs+n > intArgRegs {
 		return false
 	}
 	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
 		kind := abiStepIntReg
 		if ptrMap&(uint8(1)<<i) != 0 {
 			kind = abiStepPointer
 		}
 		a.steps = append(a.steps, abiStep{
 			kind:   kind,
 			offset: offset + uintptr(i)*size,
 			size:   size,
 			ireg:   a.iregs,
 		})
 		a.iregs++
 	}
 	return true
 }

 // assignFloatN assigns n values to registers, each "size" bytes large,
 // from the data at [offset, offset+n*size) in memory. Each value at
 // [offset+i*size, offset+(i+1)*size) for i < n is assigned to the
 // next n floating-point registers.
 //
 // Returns whether assignment succeeded.
 func (a *abiSeq) assignFloatN(offset, size uintptr, n int) bool {
 	if n < 0 {
 		panic("invalid n")
 	}
 	if a.fregs+n > floatArgRegs || floatRegSize < size {
 		return false
 	}
 	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
 		a.steps = append(a.steps, abiStep{
 			kind:   abiStepFloatReg,
 			offset: offset + uintptr(i)*size,
 			size:   size,
 			freg:   a.fregs,
 		})
 		a.fregs++
 	}
 	return true
 }

 // stackAssign reserves space for one value that is "size" bytes
 // large with alignment "alignment" to the stack.
 //
 // Should not be called directly; use addArg instead.
 func (a *abiSeq) stackAssign(size, alignment uintptr) {
 	a.stackBytes = align(a.stackBytes, alignment)
 	a.steps = append(a.steps, abiStep{
 		kind:   abiStepStack,
 		offset: 0, // Only used for whole arguments, so the memory offset is 0.
 		size:   size,
 		stkOff: a.stackBytes,
 	})
 	a.stackBytes += size
 }

 // abiDesc describes the ABI for a function or method.
 type abiDesc struct {
 	// call and ret represent the translation steps for
 	// the call and return paths of a Go function.
 	call, ret abiSeq

 	// These fields describe the stack space allocated
 	// for the call. stackCallArgsSize is the amount of space
 	// reserved for arguments but not return values. retOffset
 	// is the offset at which return values begin, and
 	// spill is the size in bytes of additional space reserved
 	// to spill argument registers into in case of preemption in
 	// reflectcall's stack frame.
 	stackCallArgsSize, retOffset, spill uintptr

 	// stackPtrs is a bitmap that indicates whether
 	// each word in the ABI stack space (stack-assigned
 	// args + return values) is a pointer. Used
 	// as the heap pointer bitmap for stack space
 	// passed to reflectcall.
 	stackPtrs *bitVector

 	// inRegPtrs is a bitmap whose i'th bit indicates
 	// whether the i'th integer argument register contains
 	// a pointer. Used by makeFuncStub and methodValueCall
 	// to make result pointers visible to the GC.
 	//
 	// outRegPtrs is the same, but for result values.
 	// Used by reflectcall to make result pointers visible
 	// to the GC.
 	inRegPtrs, outRegPtrs abi.IntArgRegBitmap
 }

 func (a *abiDesc) dump() {
 	println("ABI")
 	println("call")
 	a.call.dump()
 	println("ret")
 	a.ret.dump()
 	println("stackCallArgsSize", a.stackCallArgsSize)
 	println("retOffset", a.retOffset)
 	println("spill", a.spill)
 	print("inRegPtrs:")
 	dumpPtrBitMap(a.inRegPtrs)
 	println()
 	print("outRegPtrs:")
 	dumpPtrBitMap(a.outRegPtrs)
 	println()
 }

 func dumpPtrBitMap(b abi.IntArgRegBitmap) {
 	for i := 0; i < intArgRegs; i++ {
 		x := 0
 		if b.Get(i) {
 			x = 1
 		}
 		print(" ", x)
 	}
 }

 func newAbiDesc(t *funcType, rcvr *rtype) abiDesc {
 	// We need to add space for this argument to
 	// the frame so that it can spill args into it.
 	//
 	// The size of this space is just the sum of the sizes
 	// of each register-allocated type.
 	//
 	// TODO(mknyszek): Remove this when we no longer have
 	// caller reserved spill space.
 	spill := uintptr(0)

 	// Compute gc program & stack bitmap for stack arguments
 	stackPtrs := new(bitVector)

 	// Compute the stack frame pointer bitmap and register
 	// pointer bitmap for arguments.
 	inRegPtrs := abi.IntArgRegBitmap{}

 	// Compute abiSeq for input parameters.
 	var in abiSeq
 	if rcvr != nil {
 		stkStep, isPtr := in.addRcvr(rcvr)
 		if stkStep != nil {
 			if isPtr {
 				stackPtrs.append(1)
 			} else {
 				stackPtrs.append(0)
 			}
 		} else {
 			spill += goarch.PtrSize
 		}
 	}
 	for i, arg := range t.in() {
 		stkStep := in.addArg(arg)
 		if stkStep != nil {
 			addTypeBits(stackPtrs, stkStep.stkOff, arg)
 		} else {
 			spill = align(spill, uintptr(arg.align))
 			spill += arg.size
 			for _, st := range in.stepsForValue(i) {
 				if st.kind == abiStepPointer {
 					inRegPtrs.Set(st.ireg)
 				}
 			}
 		}
 	}
 	spill = align(spill, goarch.PtrSize)

 	// From the input parameters alone, we now know
 	// the stackCallArgsSize and retOffset.
 	stackCallArgsSize := in.stackBytes
 	retOffset := align(in.stackBytes, goarch.PtrSize)

 	// Compute the stack frame pointer bitmap and register
 	// pointer bitmap for return values.
 	outRegPtrs := abi.IntArgRegBitmap{}

 	// Compute abiSeq for output parameters.
 	var out abiSeq
 	// Stack-assigned return values do not share
 	// space with arguments like they do with registers,
 	// so we need to inject a stack offset here.
 	// Fake it by artificially extending stackBytes by
 	// the return offset.
 	out.stackBytes = retOffset
 	for i, res := range t.out() {
 		stkStep := out.addArg(res)
 		if stkStep != nil {
 			addTypeBits(stackPtrs, stkStep.stkOff, res)
 		} else {
 			for _, st := range out.stepsForValue(i) {
 				if st.kind == abiStepPointer {
 					outRegPtrs.Set(st.ireg)
 				}
 			}
 		}
 	}
 	// Undo the faking from earlier so that stackBytes
 	// is accurate.
 	out.stackBytes -= retOffset
 	return abiDesc{in, out, stackCallArgsSize, retOffset, spill, stackPtrs, inRegPtrs, outRegPtrs}
 }
	// Copyright 2021 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
	// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
	// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

	package reflect

	import (
	"internal/abi"
	"internal/goarch"
	"internal/goexperiment"
	"unsafe"
	)

	// These variables are used by the register assignment
	// algorithm in this file.
	//
	// They should be modified with care (no other reflect code
	// may be executing) and are generally only modified
	// when testing this package.
	//
	// They should never be set higher than their internal/abi
	// constant counterparts, because the system relies on a
	// structure that is at least large enough to hold the
	// registers the system supports.
	//
	// Currently they're set to zero because using the actual
	// constants will break every part of the toolchain that
	// uses reflect to call functions (e.g. go test, or anything
	// that uses text/template). The values that are currently
	// commented out there should be the actual values once
	// we're ready to use the register ABI everywhere.
	var (
	intArgRegs = abi.IntArgRegs * goexperiment.RegabiArgsInt
	floatArgRegs = abi.FloatArgRegs * goexperiment.RegabiArgsInt
	floatRegSize = uintptr(abi.EffectiveFloatRegSize * goexperiment.RegabiArgsInt)
	)

	// abiStep represents an ABI "instruction." Each instruction
	// describes one part of how to translate between a Go value
	// in memory and a call frame.
	type abiStep struct {
	kind abiStepKind

	// offset and size together describe a part of a Go value
	// in memory.
	offset uintptr
	size uintptr // size in bytes of the part

	// These fields describe the ABI side of the translation.
	stkOff uintptr // stack offset, used if kind == abiStepStack
	ireg int // integer register index, used if kind == abiStepIntReg or kind == abiStepPointer
	freg int // FP register index, used if kind == abiStepFloatReg
	}

	// abiStepKind is the "op-code" for an abiStep instruction.
	type abiStepKind int

	const (
	abiStepBad abiStepKind = iota
	abiStepStack // copy to/from stack
	abiStepIntReg // copy to/from integer register
	abiStepPointer // copy pointer to/from integer register
	abiStepFloatReg // copy to/from FP register
	)

	// abiSeq represents a sequence of ABI instructions for copying
	// from a series of reflect.Values to a call frame (for call arguments)
	// or vice-versa (for call results).
	//
	// An abiSeq should be populated by calling its addArg method.
	type abiSeq struct {
	// steps is the set of instructions.
	//
	// The instructions are grouped together by whole arguments,
	// with the starting index for the instructions
	// of the i'th Go value available in valueStart.
	//
	// For instance, if this abiSeq represents 3 arguments
	// passed to a function, then the 2nd argument's steps
	// begin at steps[valueStart[1]].
	//
	// Because reflect accepts Go arguments in distinct
	// Values and each Value is stored separately, each abiStep
	// that begins a new argument will have its offset
	// field == 0.
	steps []abiStep
	valueStart []int

	stackBytes uintptr // stack space used
	iregs, fregs int // registers used
	}

	func (a *abiSeq) dump() {
	for i, p := range a.steps {
	println("part", i, p.kind, p.offset, p.size, p.stkOff, p.ireg, p.freg)
	}
	print("values ")
	for _, i := range a.valueStart {
	print(i, " ")
	}
	println()
	println("stack", a.stackBytes)
	println("iregs", a.iregs)
	println("fregs", a.fregs)
	}

	// stepsForValue returns the ABI instructions for translating
	// the i'th Go argument or return value represented by this
	// abiSeq to the Go ABI.
	func (a *abiSeq) stepsForValue(i int) []abiStep {
	s := a.valueStart[i]
	var e int
	if i == len(a.valueStart)-1 {
	e = len(a.steps)
	} else {
	e = a.valueStart[i+1]
	}
	return a.steps[s:e]
	}

	// addArg extends the abiSeq with a new Go value of type t.
	//
	// If the value was stack-assigned, returns the single
	// abiStep describing that translation, and nil otherwise.
	func (a abiSeq) addArg(t rtype) *abiStep {
	// We'll always be adding a new value, so do that first.
	pStart := len(a.steps)
	a.valueStart = append(a.valueStart, pStart)
	if t.size == 0 {
	// If the size of the argument type is zero, then
	// in order to degrade gracefully into ABI0, we need
	// to stack-assign this type. The reason is that
	// although zero-sized types take up no space on the
	// stack, they do cause the next argument to be aligned.
	// So just do that here, but don't bother actually
	// generating a new ABI step for it (there's nothing to
	// actually copy).
	//
	// We cannot handle this in the recursive case of
	// regAssign because zero-sized fields of a
	// non-zero-sized struct do not cause it to be
	// stack-assigned. So we need a special case here
	// at the top.
	a.stackBytes = align(a.stackBytes, uintptr(t.align))
	return nil
	}
	// Hold a copy of "a" so that we can roll back if
	// register assignment fails.
	aOld := *a
	if !a.regAssign(t, 0) {
	// Register assignment failed. Roll back any changes
	// and stack-assign.
	*a = aOld
	a.stackAssign(t.size, uintptr(t.align))
	return &a.steps[len(a.steps)-1]
	}
	return nil
	}

	// addRcvr extends the abiSeq with a new method call
	// receiver according to the interface calling convention.
	//
	// If the receiver was stack-assigned, returns the single
	// abiStep describing that translation, and nil otherwise.
	// Returns true if the receiver is a pointer.
	func (a abiSeq) addRcvr(rcvr rtype) (*abiStep, bool) {
	// The receiver is always one word.
	a.valueStart = append(a.valueStart, len(a.steps))
	var ok, ptr bool
	if ifaceIndir(rcvr) \|\| rcvr.pointers() {
	ok = a.assignIntN(0, goarch.PtrSize, 1, 0b1)
	ptr = true
	} else {
	// TODO(mknyszek): Is this case even possible?
	// The interface data work never contains a non-pointer
	// value. This case was copied over from older code
	// in the reflect package which only conditionally added
	// a pointer bit to the reflect.(Value).Call stack frame's
	// GC bitmap.
	ok = a.assignIntN(0, goarch.PtrSize, 1, 0b0)
	ptr = false
	}
	if !ok {
	a.stackAssign(goarch.PtrSize, goarch.PtrSize)
	return &a.steps[len(a.steps)-1], ptr
	}
	return nil, ptr
	}

	// regAssign attempts to reserve argument registers for a value of
	// type t, stored at some offset.
	//
	// It returns whether or not the assignment succeeded, but
	// leaves any changes it made to a.steps behind, so the caller
	// must undo that work by adjusting a.steps if it fails.
	//
	// This method along with the assign* methods represent the
	// complete register-assignment algorithm for the Go ABI.
	func (a abiSeq) regAssign(t rtype, offset uintptr) bool {
	switch t.Kind() {
	case UnsafePointer, Ptr, Chan, Map, Func:
	return a.assignIntN(offset, t.size, 1, 0b1)
	case Bool, Int, Uint, Int8, Uint8, Int16, Uint16, Int32, Uint32, Uintptr:
	return a.assignIntN(offset, t.size, 1, 0b0)
	case Int64, Uint64:
	switch goarch.PtrSize {
	case 4:
	return a.assignIntN(offset, 4, 2, 0b0)
	case 8:
	return a.assignIntN(offset, 8, 1, 0b0)
	}
	case Float32, Float64:
	return a.assignFloatN(offset, t.size, 1)
	case Complex64:
	return a.assignFloatN(offset, 4, 2)
	case Complex128:
	return a.assignFloatN(offset, 8, 2)
	case String:
	return a.assignIntN(offset, goarch.PtrSize, 2, 0b01)
	case Interface:
	return a.assignIntN(offset, goarch.PtrSize, 2, 0b10)
	case Slice:
	return a.assignIntN(offset, goarch.PtrSize, 3, 0b001)
	case Array:
	tt := (*arrayType)(unsafe.Pointer(t))
	switch tt.len {
	case 0:
	// There's nothing to assign, so don't modify
	// a.steps but succeed so the caller doesn't
	// try to stack-assign this value.
	return true
	case 1:
	return a.regAssign(tt.elem, offset)
	default:
	return false
	}
	case Struct:
	st := (*structType)(unsafe.Pointer(t))
	for i := range st.fields {
	f := &st.fields[i]
	if !a.regAssign(f.typ, offset+f.offset()) {
	return false
	}
	}
	return true
	default:
	print("t.Kind == ", t.Kind(), "\n")
	panic("unknown type kind")
	}
	panic("unhandled register assignment path")
	}

	// assignIntN assigns n values to registers, each "size" bytes large,
	// from the data at [offset, offset+n*size) in memory. Each value at
	// [offset+isize, offset+(i+1)size) for i < n is assigned to the
	// next n integer registers.
	//
	// Bit i in ptrMap indicates whether the i'th value is a pointer.
	// n must be <= 8.
	//
	// Returns whether assignment succeeded.
	func (a *abiSeq) assignIntN(offset, size uintptr, n int, ptrMap uint8) bool {
	if n > 8 \|\| n < 0 {
	panic("invalid n")
	}
	if ptrMap != 0 && size != goarch.PtrSize {
	panic("non-empty pointer map passed for non-pointer-size values")
	}
	if a.iregs+n > intArgRegs {
	return false
	}
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
	kind := abiStepIntReg
	if ptrMap&(uint8(1)<<i) != 0 {
	kind = abiStepPointer
	}
	a.steps = append(a.steps, abiStep{
	kind: kind,
	offset: offset + uintptr(i)*size,
	size: size,
	ireg: a.iregs,
	})
	a.iregs++
	}
	return true
	}

	// assignFloatN assigns n values to registers, each "size" bytes large,
	// from the data at [offset, offset+n*size) in memory. Each value at
	// [offset+isize, offset+(i+1)size) for i < n is assigned to the
	// next n floating-point registers.
	//
	// Returns whether assignment succeeded.
	func (a *abiSeq) assignFloatN(offset, size uintptr, n int) bool {
	if n < 0 {
	panic("invalid n")
	}
	if a.fregs+n > floatArgRegs \|\| floatRegSize < size {
	return false
	}
	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
	a.steps = append(a.steps, abiStep{
	kind: abiStepFloatReg,
	offset: offset + uintptr(i)*size,
	size: size,
	freg: a.fregs,
	})
	a.fregs++
	}
	return true
	}

	// stackAssign reserves space for one value that is "size" bytes
	// large with alignment "alignment" to the stack.
	//
	// Should not be called directly; use addArg instead.
	func (a *abiSeq) stackAssign(size, alignment uintptr) {
	a.stackBytes = align(a.stackBytes, alignment)
	a.steps = append(a.steps, abiStep{
	kind: abiStepStack,
	offset: 0, // Only used for whole arguments, so the memory offset is 0.
	size: size,
	stkOff: a.stackBytes,
	})
	a.stackBytes += size
	}

	// abiDesc describes the ABI for a function or method.
	type abiDesc struct {
	// call and ret represent the translation steps for
	// the call and return paths of a Go function.
	call, ret abiSeq

	// These fields describe the stack space allocated
	// for the call. stackCallArgsSize is the amount of space
	// reserved for arguments but not return values. retOffset
	// is the offset at which return values begin, and
	// spill is the size in bytes of additional space reserved
	// to spill argument registers into in case of preemption in
	// reflectcall's stack frame.
	stackCallArgsSize, retOffset, spill uintptr

	// stackPtrs is a bitmap that indicates whether
	// each word in the ABI stack space (stack-assigned
	// args + return values) is a pointer. Used
	// as the heap pointer bitmap for stack space
	// passed to reflectcall.
	stackPtrs *bitVector

	// inRegPtrs is a bitmap whose i'th bit indicates
	// whether the i'th integer argument register contains
	// a pointer. Used by makeFuncStub and methodValueCall
	// to make result pointers visible to the GC.
	//
	// outRegPtrs is the same, but for result values.
	// Used by reflectcall to make result pointers visible
	// to the GC.
	inRegPtrs, outRegPtrs abi.IntArgRegBitmap
	}

	func (a *abiDesc) dump() {
	println("ABI")
	println("call")
	a.call.dump()
	println("ret")
	a.ret.dump()
	println("stackCallArgsSize", a.stackCallArgsSize)
	println("retOffset", a.retOffset)
	println("spill", a.spill)
	print("inRegPtrs:")
	dumpPtrBitMap(a.inRegPtrs)
	println()
	print("outRegPtrs:")
	dumpPtrBitMap(a.outRegPtrs)
	println()
	}

	func dumpPtrBitMap(b abi.IntArgRegBitmap) {
	for i := 0; i < intArgRegs; i++ {
	x := 0
	if b.Get(i) {
	x = 1
	}
	print(" ", x)
	}
	}

	func newAbiDesc(t funcType, rcvr rtype) abiDesc {
	// We need to add space for this argument to
	// the frame so that it can spill args into it.
	//
	// The size of this space is just the sum of the sizes
	// of each register-allocated type.
	//
	// TODO(mknyszek): Remove this when we no longer have
	// caller reserved spill space.
	spill := uintptr(0)

	// Compute gc program & stack bitmap for stack arguments
	stackPtrs := new(bitVector)

	// Compute the stack frame pointer bitmap and register
	// pointer bitmap for arguments.
	inRegPtrs := abi.IntArgRegBitmap{}

	// Compute abiSeq for input parameters.
	var in abiSeq
	if rcvr != nil {
	stkStep, isPtr := in.addRcvr(rcvr)
	if stkStep != nil {
	if isPtr {
	stackPtrs.append(1)
	} else {
	stackPtrs.append(0)
	}
	} else {
	spill += goarch.PtrSize
	}
	}
	for i, arg := range t.in() {
	stkStep := in.addArg(arg)
	if stkStep != nil {
	addTypeBits(stackPtrs, stkStep.stkOff, arg)
	} else {
	spill = align(spill, uintptr(arg.align))
	spill += arg.size
	for _, st := range in.stepsForValue(i) {
	if st.kind == abiStepPointer {
	inRegPtrs.Set(st.ireg)
	}
	}
	}
	}
	spill = align(spill, goarch.PtrSize)

	// From the input parameters alone, we now know
	// the stackCallArgsSize and retOffset.
	stackCallArgsSize := in.stackBytes
	retOffset := align(in.stackBytes, goarch.PtrSize)

	// Compute the stack frame pointer bitmap and register
	// pointer bitmap for return values.
	outRegPtrs := abi.IntArgRegBitmap{}

	// Compute abiSeq for output parameters.
	var out abiSeq
	// Stack-assigned return values do not share
	// space with arguments like they do with registers,
	// so we need to inject a stack offset here.
	// Fake it by artificially extending stackBytes by
	// the return offset.
	out.stackBytes = retOffset
	for i, res := range t.out() {
	stkStep := out.addArg(res)
	if stkStep != nil {
	addTypeBits(stackPtrs, stkStep.stkOff, res)
	} else {
	for _, st := range out.stepsForValue(i) {
	if st.kind == abiStepPointer {
	outRegPtrs.Set(st.ireg)
	}
	}
	}
	}
	// Undo the faking from earlier so that stackBytes
	// is accurate.
	out.stackBytes -= retOffset
	return abiDesc{in, out, stackCallArgsSize, retOffset, spill, stackPtrs, inRegPtrs, outRegPtrs}
	}