src/pkg/runtime/debug/garbage.go

// Copyright 2013 The Go Authors.  All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

package debug

import (
	"runtime"
	"sort"
	"time"
)

// GCStats collect information about recent garbage collections.
type GCStats struct {
	LastGC         time.Time       // time of last collection
	NumGC          int64           // number of garbage collections
	PauseTotal     time.Duration   // total pause for all collections
	Pause          []time.Duration // pause history, most recent first
	PauseQuantiles []time.Duration
}

// Implemented in package runtime.
func readGCStats(*[]time.Duration)
func enableGC(bool) bool
func setGCPercent(int) int
func freeOSMemory()
func setMaxStack(int) int
func setMaxThreads(int) int

// ReadGCStats reads statistics about garbage collection into stats.
// The number of entries in the pause history is system-dependent;
// stats.Pause slice will be reused if large enough, reallocated otherwise.
// ReadGCStats may use the full capacity of the stats.Pause slice.
// If stats.PauseQuantiles is non-empty, ReadGCStats fills it with quantiles
// summarizing the distribution of pause time. For example, if
// len(stats.PauseQuantiles) is 5, it will be filled with the minimum,
// 25%, 50%, 75%, and maximum pause times.
func ReadGCStats(stats *GCStats) {
	// Create a buffer with space for at least two copies of the
	// pause history tracked by the runtime. One will be returned
	// to the caller and the other will be used as a temporary buffer
	// for computing quantiles.
	const maxPause = len(((*runtime.MemStats)(nil)).PauseNs)
	if cap(stats.Pause) < 2*maxPause {
		stats.Pause = make([]time.Duration, 2*maxPause)
	}

	// readGCStats fills in the pause history (up to maxPause entries)
	// and then three more: Unix ns time of last GC, number of GC,
	// and total pause time in nanoseconds. Here we depend on the
	// fact that time.Duration's native unit is nanoseconds, so the
	// pauses and the total pause time do not need any conversion.
	readGCStats(&stats.Pause)
	n := len(stats.Pause) - 3
	stats.LastGC = time.Unix(0, int64(stats.Pause[n]))
	stats.NumGC = int64(stats.Pause[n+1])
	stats.PauseTotal = stats.Pause[n+2]
	stats.Pause = stats.Pause[:n]

	if len(stats.PauseQuantiles) > 0 {
		if n == 0 {
			for i := range stats.PauseQuantiles {
				stats.PauseQuantiles[i] = 0
			}
		} else {
			// There's room for a second copy of the data in stats.Pause.
			// See the allocation at the top of the function.
			sorted := stats.Pause[n : n+n]
			copy(sorted, stats.Pause)
			sort.Sort(byDuration(sorted))
			nq := len(stats.PauseQuantiles) - 1
			for i := 0; i < nq; i++ {
				stats.PauseQuantiles[i] = sorted[len(sorted)*i/nq]
			}
			stats.PauseQuantiles[nq] = sorted[len(sorted)-1]
		}
	}
}

type byDuration []time.Duration

func (x byDuration) Len() int           { return len(x) }
func (x byDuration) Swap(i, j int)      { x[i], x[j] = x[j], x[i] }
func (x byDuration) Less(i, j int) bool { return x[i] < x[j] }

// SetGCPercent sets the garbage collection target percentage:
// a collection is triggered when the ratio of freshly allocated data
// to live data remaining after the previous collection reaches this percentage.
// SetGCPercent returns the previous setting.
// The initial setting is the value of the GOGC environment variable
// at startup, or 100 if the variable is not set.
// A negative percentage disables garbage collection.
func SetGCPercent(percent int) int {
	return setGCPercent(percent)
}

// FreeOSMemory forces a garbage collection followed by an
// attempt to return as much memory to the operating system
// as possible. (Even if this is not called, the runtime gradually
// returns memory to the operating system in a background task.)
func FreeOSMemory() {
	freeOSMemory()
}

// SetMaxStack sets the maximum amount of memory that
// can be used by a single goroutine stack.
// If any goroutine exceeds this limit while growing its stack,
// the program crashes.
// SetMaxStack returns the previous setting.
// The initial setting is 1 GB on 64-bit systems, 250 MB on 32-bit systems.
//
// SetMaxStack is useful mainly for limiting the damage done by
// goroutines that enter an infinite recursion. It only limits future
// stack growth.
func SetMaxStack(bytes int) int {
	return setMaxStack(bytes)
}

// SetMaxThreads sets the maximum number of operating system
// threads that the Go program can use. If it attempts to use more than
// this many, the program crashes.
// SetMaxThreads returns the previous setting.
// The initial setting is 10,000 threads.
//
// The limit controls the number of operating system threads, not the number
// of goroutines. A Go program creates a new thread only when a goroutine
// is ready to run but all the existing threads are blocked in system calls, cgo calls,
// or are locked to other goroutines due to use of runtime.LockOSThread.
//
// SetMaxThreads is useful mainly for limiting the damage done by
// programs that create an unbounded number of threads. The idea is
// to take down the program before it takes down the operating system.
func SetMaxThreads(threads int) int {
	return setMaxThreads(threads)
}