src/runtime/os_plan9.go - go - Git at Google

 // Copyright 2010 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
 // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
 // license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

 package runtime

 import (
 	"internal/abi"
 	"runtime/internal/atomic"
 	"unsafe"
 )

 type mOS struct {
 	waitsemacount uint32
 	notesig       *int8
 	errstr        *byte
 	ignoreHangup  bool
 }

 func closefd(fd int32) int32

 //go:noescape
 func open(name *byte, mode, perm int32) int32

 //go:noescape
 func pread(fd int32, buf unsafe.Pointer, nbytes int32, offset int64) int32

 //go:noescape
 func pwrite(fd int32, buf unsafe.Pointer, nbytes int32, offset int64) int32

 func seek(fd int32, offset int64, whence int32) int64

 //go:noescape
 func exits(msg *byte)

 //go:noescape
 func brk_(addr unsafe.Pointer) int32

 func sleep(ms int32) int32

 func rfork(flags int32) int32

 //go:noescape
 func plan9_semacquire(addr *uint32, block int32) int32

 //go:noescape
 func plan9_tsemacquire(addr *uint32, ms int32) int32

 //go:noescape
 func plan9_semrelease(addr *uint32, count int32) int32

 //go:noescape
 func notify(fn unsafe.Pointer) int32

 func noted(mode int32) int32

 //go:noescape
 func nsec(*int64) int64

 //go:noescape
 func sigtramp(ureg, note unsafe.Pointer)

 func setfpmasks()

 //go:noescape
 func tstart_plan9(newm *m)

 func errstr() string

 type _Plink uintptr

 func sigpanic() {
 	gp := getg()
 	if !canpanic() {
 		throw("unexpected signal during runtime execution")
 	}

 	note := gostringnocopy((*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(gp.m.notesig)))
 	switch gp.sig {
 	case _SIGRFAULT, _SIGWFAULT:
 		i := indexNoFloat(note, "addr=")
 		if i >= 0 {
 			i += 5
 		} else if i = indexNoFloat(note, "va="); i >= 0 {
 			i += 3
 		} else {
 			panicmem()
 		}
 		addr := note[i:]
 		gp.sigcode1 = uintptr(atolwhex(addr))
 		if gp.sigcode1 < 0x1000 {
 			panicmem()
 		}
 		if gp.paniconfault {
 			panicmemAddr(gp.sigcode1)
 		}
 		if inUserArenaChunk(gp.sigcode1) {
 			// We could check that the arena chunk is explicitly set to fault,
 			// but the fact that we faulted on accessing it is enough to prove
 			// that it is.
 			print("accessed data from freed user arena ", hex(gp.sigcode1), "\n")
 		} else {
 			print("unexpected fault address ", hex(gp.sigcode1), "\n")
 		}
 		throw("fault")
 	case _SIGTRAP:
 		if gp.paniconfault {
 			panicmem()
 		}
 		throw(note)
 	case _SIGINTDIV:
 		panicdivide()
 	case _SIGFLOAT:
 		panicfloat()
 	default:
 		panic(errorString(note))
 	}
 }

 // indexNoFloat is bytealg.IndexString but safe to use in a note
 // handler.
 func indexNoFloat(s, t string) int {
 	if len(t) == 0 {
 		return 0
 	}
 	for i := 0; i < len(s); i++ {
 		if s[i] == t[0] && hasPrefix(s[i:], t) {
 			return i
 		}
 	}
 	return -1
 }

 func atolwhex(p string) int64 {
 	for hasPrefix(p, " ") || hasPrefix(p, "\t") {
 		p = p[1:]
 	}
 	neg := false
 	if hasPrefix(p, "-") || hasPrefix(p, "+") {
 		neg = p[0] == '-'
 		p = p[1:]
 		for hasPrefix(p, " ") || hasPrefix(p, "\t") {
 			p = p[1:]
 		}
 	}
 	var n int64
 	switch {
 	case hasPrefix(p, "0x"), hasPrefix(p, "0X"):
 		p = p[2:]
 		for ; len(p) > 0; p = p[1:] {
 			if '0' <= p[0] && p[0] <= '9' {
 				n = n*16 + int64(p[0]-'0')
 			} else if 'a' <= p[0] && p[0] <= 'f' {
 				n = n*16 + int64(p[0]-'a'+10)
 			} else if 'A' <= p[0] && p[0] <= 'F' {
 				n = n*16 + int64(p[0]-'A'+10)
 			} else {
 				break
 			}
 		}
 	case hasPrefix(p, "0"):
 		for ; len(p) > 0 && '0' <= p[0] && p[0] <= '7'; p = p[1:] {
 			n = n*8 + int64(p[0]-'0')
 		}
 	default:
 		for ; len(p) > 0 && '0' <= p[0] && p[0] <= '9'; p = p[1:] {
 			n = n*10 + int64(p[0]-'0')
 		}
 	}
 	if neg {
 		n = -n
 	}
 	return n
 }

 type sigset struct{}

 // Called to initialize a new m (including the bootstrap m).
 // Called on the parent thread (main thread in case of bootstrap), can allocate memory.
 func mpreinit(mp *m) {
 	// Initialize stack and goroutine for note handling.
 	mp.gsignal = malg(32 * 1024)
 	mp.gsignal.m = mp
 	mp.notesig = (*int8)(mallocgc(_ERRMAX, nil, true))
 	// Initialize stack for handling strings from the
 	// errstr system call, as used in package syscall.
 	mp.errstr = (*byte)(mallocgc(_ERRMAX, nil, true))
 }

 func sigsave(p *sigset) {
 }

 func msigrestore(sigmask sigset) {
 }

 //go:nosplit
 //go:nowritebarrierrec
 func clearSignalHandlers() {
 }

 func sigblock(exiting bool) {
 }

 // Called to initialize a new m (including the bootstrap m).
 // Called on the new thread, cannot allocate memory.
 func minit() {
 	if atomic.Load(&exiting) != 0 {
 		exits(&emptystatus[0])
 	}
 	// Mask all SSE floating-point exceptions
 	// when running on the 64-bit kernel.
 	setfpmasks()
 }

 // Called from dropm to undo the effect of an minit.
 func unminit() {
 }

 // Called from exitm, but not from drop, to undo the effect of thread-owned
 // resources in minit, semacreate, or elsewhere. Do not take locks after calling this.
 func mdestroy(mp *m) {
 }

 var sysstat = []byte("/dev/sysstat\x00")

 func getproccount() int32 {
 	var buf [2048]byte
 	fd := open(&sysstat[0], _OREAD, 0)
 	if fd < 0 {
 		return 1
 	}
 	ncpu := int32(0)
 	for {
 		n := read(fd, unsafe.Pointer(&buf), int32(len(buf)))
 		if n <= 0 {
 			break
 		}
 		for i := int32(0); i < n; i++ {
 			if buf[i] == '\n' {
 				ncpu++
 			}
 		}
 	}
 	closefd(fd)
 	if ncpu == 0 {
 		ncpu = 1
 	}
 	return ncpu
 }

 var devswap = []byte("/dev/swap\x00")
 var pagesize = []byte(" pagesize\n")

 func getPageSize() uintptr {
 	var buf [2048]byte
 	var pos int
 	fd := open(&devswap[0], _OREAD, 0)
 	if fd < 0 {
 		// There's not much we can do if /dev/swap doesn't
 		// exist. However, nothing in the memory manager uses
 		// this on Plan 9, so it also doesn't really matter.
 		return minPhysPageSize
 	}
 	for pos < len(buf) {
 		n := read(fd, unsafe.Pointer(&buf[pos]), int32(len(buf)-pos))
 		if n <= 0 {
 			break
 		}
 		pos += int(n)
 	}
 	closefd(fd)
 	text := buf[:pos]
 	// Find "<n> pagesize" line.
 	bol := 0
 	for i, c := range text {
 		if c == '\n' {
 			bol = i + 1
 		}
 		if bytesHasPrefix(text[i:], pagesize) {
 			// Parse number at the beginning of this line.
 			return uintptr(_atoi(text[bol:]))
 		}
 	}
 	// Again, the page size doesn't really matter, so use a fallback.
 	return minPhysPageSize
 }

 func bytesHasPrefix(s, prefix []byte) bool {
 	if len(s) < len(prefix) {
 		return false
 	}
 	for i, p := range prefix {
 		if s[i] != p {
 			return false
 		}
 	}
 	return true
 }

 var pid = []byte("#c/pid\x00")

 func getpid() uint64 {
 	var b [20]byte
 	fd := open(&pid[0], 0, 0)
 	if fd >= 0 {
 		read(fd, unsafe.Pointer(&b), int32(len(b)))
 		closefd(fd)
 	}
 	c := b[:]
 	for c[0] == ' ' || c[0] == '\t' {
 		c = c[1:]
 	}
 	return uint64(_atoi(c))
 }

 func osinit() {
 	physPageSize = getPageSize()
 	initBloc()
 	ncpu = getproccount()
 	getg().m.procid = getpid()
 }

 //go:nosplit
 func crash() {
 	notify(nil)
 	*(*int)(nil) = 0
 }

 //go:nosplit
 func readRandom(r []byte) int {
 	return 0
 }

 func initsig(preinit bool) {
 	if !preinit {
 		notify(unsafe.Pointer(abi.FuncPCABI0(sigtramp)))
 	}
 }

 //go:nosplit
 func osyield() {
 	sleep(0)
 }

 //go:nosplit
 func osyield_no_g() {
 	osyield()
 }

 //go:nosplit
 func usleep(µs uint32) {
 	ms := int32(µs / 1000)
 	if ms == 0 {
 		ms = 1
 	}
 	sleep(ms)
 }

 //go:nosplit
 func usleep_no_g(usec uint32) {
 	usleep(usec)
 }

 //go:nosplit
 func nanotime1() int64 {
 	var scratch int64
 	ns := nsec(&scratch)
 	// TODO(aram): remove hack after I fix _nsec in the pc64 kernel.
 	if ns == 0 {
 		return scratch
 	}
 	return ns
 }

 var goexits = []byte("go: exit ")
 var emptystatus = []byte("\x00")
 var exiting uint32

 func goexitsall(status *byte) {
 	var buf [_ERRMAX]byte
 	if !atomic.Cas(&exiting, 0, 1) {
 		return
 	}
 	getg().m.locks++
 	n := copy(buf[:], goexits)
 	n = copy(buf[n:], gostringnocopy(status))
 	pid := getpid()
 	for mp := (*m)(atomic.Loadp(unsafe.Pointer(&allm))); mp != nil; mp = mp.alllink {
 		if mp.procid != 0 && mp.procid != pid {
 			postnote(mp.procid, buf[:])
 		}
 	}
 	getg().m.locks--
 }

 var procdir = []byte("/proc/")
 var notefile = []byte("/note\x00")

 func postnote(pid uint64, msg []byte) int {
 	var buf [128]byte
 	var tmp [32]byte
 	n := copy(buf[:], procdir)
 	n += copy(buf[n:], itoa(tmp[:], pid))
 	copy(buf[n:], notefile)
 	fd := open(&buf[0], _OWRITE, 0)
 	if fd < 0 {
 		return -1
 	}
 	len := findnull(&msg[0])
 	if write1(uintptr(fd), unsafe.Pointer(&msg[0]), int32(len)) != int32(len) {
 		closefd(fd)
 		return -1
 	}
 	closefd(fd)
 	return 0
 }

 //go:nosplit
 func exit(e int32) {
 	var status []byte
 	if e == 0 {
 		status = emptystatus
 	} else {
 		// build error string
 		var tmp [32]byte
 		sl := itoa(tmp[:len(tmp)-1], uint64(e))
 		// Don't append, rely on the existing data being zero.
 		status = sl[:len(sl)+1]
 	}
 	goexitsall(&status[0])
 	exits(&status[0])
 }

 // May run with m.p==nil, so write barriers are not allowed.
 //
 //go:nowritebarrier
 func newosproc(mp *m) {
 	if false {
 		print("newosproc mp=", mp, " ostk=", &mp, "\n")
 	}
 	pid := rfork(_RFPROC | _RFMEM | _RFNOWAIT)
 	if pid < 0 {
 		throw("newosproc: rfork failed")
 	}
 	if pid == 0 {
 		tstart_plan9(mp)
 	}
 }

 func exitThread(wait *atomic.Uint32) {
 	// We should never reach exitThread on Plan 9 because we let
 	// the OS clean up threads.
 	throw("exitThread")
 }

 //go:nosplit
 func semacreate(mp *m) {
 }

 //go:nosplit
 func semasleep(ns int64) int {
 	gp := getg()
 	if ns >= 0 {
 		ms := timediv(ns, 1000000, nil)
 		if ms == 0 {
 			ms = 1
 		}
 		ret := plan9_tsemacquire(&gp.m.waitsemacount, ms)
 		if ret == 1 {
 			return 0 // success
 		}
 		return -1 // timeout or interrupted
 	}
 	for plan9_semacquire(&gp.m.waitsemacount, 1) < 0 {
 		// interrupted; try again (c.f. lock_sema.go)
 	}
 	return 0 // success
 }

 //go:nosplit
 func semawakeup(mp *m) {
 	plan9_semrelease(&mp.waitsemacount, 1)
 }

 //go:nosplit
 func read(fd int32, buf unsafe.Pointer, n int32) int32 {
 	return pread(fd, buf, n, -1)
 }

 //go:nosplit
 func write1(fd uintptr, buf unsafe.Pointer, n int32) int32 {
 	return pwrite(int32(fd), buf, n, -1)
 }

 var _badsignal = []byte("runtime: signal received on thread not created by Go.\n")

 // This runs on a foreign stack, without an m or a g. No stack split.
 //
 //go:nosplit
 func badsignal2() {
 	pwrite(2, unsafe.Pointer(&_badsignal[0]), int32(len(_badsignal)), -1)
 	exits(&_badsignal[0])
 }

 func raisebadsignal(sig uint32) {
 	badsignal2()
 }

 func _atoi(b []byte) int {
 	n := 0
 	for len(b) > 0 && '0' <= b[0] && b[0] <= '9' {
 		n = n*10 + int(b[0]) - '0'
 		b = b[1:]
 	}
 	return n
 }

 func signame(sig uint32) string {
 	if sig >= uint32(len(sigtable)) {
 		return ""
 	}
 	return sigtable[sig].name
 }

 const preemptMSupported = false

 func preemptM(mp *m) {
 	// Not currently supported.
 	//
 	// TODO: Use a note like we use signals on POSIX OSes
 }
	// Copyright 2010 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
	// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
	// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

	package runtime

	import (
	"internal/abi"
	"runtime/internal/atomic"
	"unsafe"
	)

	type mOS struct {
	waitsemacount uint32
	notesig *int8
	errstr *byte
	ignoreHangup bool
	}

	func closefd(fd int32) int32

	//go:noescape
	func open(name *byte, mode, perm int32) int32

	//go:noescape
	func pread(fd int32, buf unsafe.Pointer, nbytes int32, offset int64) int32

	//go:noescape
	func pwrite(fd int32, buf unsafe.Pointer, nbytes int32, offset int64) int32

	func seek(fd int32, offset int64, whence int32) int64

	//go:noescape
	func exits(msg *byte)

	//go:noescape
	func brk_(addr unsafe.Pointer) int32

	func sleep(ms int32) int32

	func rfork(flags int32) int32

	//go:noescape
	func plan9_semacquire(addr *uint32, block int32) int32

	//go:noescape
	func plan9_tsemacquire(addr *uint32, ms int32) int32

	//go:noescape
	func plan9_semrelease(addr *uint32, count int32) int32

	//go:noescape
	func notify(fn unsafe.Pointer) int32

	func noted(mode int32) int32

	//go:noescape
	func nsec(*int64) int64

	//go:noescape
	func sigtramp(ureg, note unsafe.Pointer)

	func setfpmasks()

	//go:noescape
	func tstart_plan9(newm *m)

	func errstr() string

	type _Plink uintptr

	func sigpanic() {
	gp := getg()
	if !canpanic() {
	throw("unexpected signal during runtime execution")
	}

	note := gostringnocopy((*byte)(unsafe.Pointer(gp.m.notesig)))
	switch gp.sig {
	case _SIGRFAULT, _SIGWFAULT:
	i := indexNoFloat(note, "addr=")
	if i >= 0 {
	i += 5
	} else if i = indexNoFloat(note, "va="); i >= 0 {
	i += 3
	} else {
	panicmem()
	}
	addr := note[i:]
	gp.sigcode1 = uintptr(atolwhex(addr))
	if gp.sigcode1 < 0x1000 {
	panicmem()
	}
	if gp.paniconfault {
	panicmemAddr(gp.sigcode1)
	}
	if inUserArenaChunk(gp.sigcode1) {
	// We could check that the arena chunk is explicitly set to fault,
	// but the fact that we faulted on accessing it is enough to prove
	// that it is.
	print("accessed data from freed user arena ", hex(gp.sigcode1), "\n")
	} else {
	print("unexpected fault address ", hex(gp.sigcode1), "\n")
	}
	throw("fault")
	case _SIGTRAP:
	if gp.paniconfault {
	panicmem()
	}
	throw(note)
	case _SIGINTDIV:
	panicdivide()
	case _SIGFLOAT:
	panicfloat()
	default:
	panic(errorString(note))
	}
	}

	// indexNoFloat is bytealg.IndexString but safe to use in a note
	// handler.
	func indexNoFloat(s, t string) int {
	if len(t) == 0 {
	return 0
	}
	for i := 0; i < len(s); i++ {
	if s[i] == t[0] && hasPrefix(s[i:], t) {
	return i
	}
	}
	return -1
	}

	func atolwhex(p string) int64 {
	for hasPrefix(p, " ") \|\| hasPrefix(p, "\t") {
	p = p[1:]
	}
	neg := false
	if hasPrefix(p, "-") \|\| hasPrefix(p, "+") {
	neg = p[0] == '-'
	p = p[1:]
	for hasPrefix(p, " ") \|\| hasPrefix(p, "\t") {
	p = p[1:]
	}
	}
	var n int64
	switch {
	case hasPrefix(p, "0x"), hasPrefix(p, "0X"):
	p = p[2:]
	for ; len(p) > 0; p = p[1:] {
	if '0' <= p[0] && p[0] <= '9' {
	n = n*16 + int64(p[0]-'0')
	} else if 'a' <= p[0] && p[0] <= 'f' {
	n = n*16 + int64(p[0]-'a'+10)
	} else if 'A' <= p[0] && p[0] <= 'F' {
	n = n*16 + int64(p[0]-'A'+10)
	} else {
	break
	}
	}
	case hasPrefix(p, "0"):
	for ; len(p) > 0 && '0' <= p[0] && p[0] <= '7'; p = p[1:] {
	n = n*8 + int64(p[0]-'0')
	}
	default:
	for ; len(p) > 0 && '0' <= p[0] && p[0] <= '9'; p = p[1:] {
	n = n*10 + int64(p[0]-'0')
	}
	}
	if neg {
	n = -n
	}
	return n
	}

	type sigset struct{}

	// Called to initialize a new m (including the bootstrap m).
	// Called on the parent thread (main thread in case of bootstrap), can allocate memory.
	func mpreinit(mp *m) {
	// Initialize stack and goroutine for note handling.
	mp.gsignal = malg(32 * 1024)
	mp.gsignal.m = mp
	mp.notesig = (*int8)(mallocgc(_ERRMAX, nil, true))
	// Initialize stack for handling strings from the
	// errstr system call, as used in package syscall.
	mp.errstr = (*byte)(mallocgc(_ERRMAX, nil, true))
	}

	func sigsave(p *sigset) {
	}

	func msigrestore(sigmask sigset) {
	}

	//go:nosplit
	//go:nowritebarrierrec
	func clearSignalHandlers() {
	}

	func sigblock(exiting bool) {
	}

	// Called to initialize a new m (including the bootstrap m).
	// Called on the new thread, cannot allocate memory.
	func minit() {
	if atomic.Load(&exiting) != 0 {
	exits(&emptystatus[0])
	}
	// Mask all SSE floating-point exceptions
	// when running on the 64-bit kernel.
	setfpmasks()
	}

	// Called from dropm to undo the effect of an minit.
	func unminit() {
	}

	// Called from exitm, but not from drop, to undo the effect of thread-owned
	// resources in minit, semacreate, or elsewhere. Do not take locks after calling this.
	func mdestroy(mp *m) {
	}

	var sysstat = []byte("/dev/sysstat\x00")

	func getproccount() int32 {
	var buf [2048]byte
	fd := open(&sysstat[0], _OREAD, 0)
	if fd < 0 {
	return 1
	}
	ncpu := int32(0)
	for {
	n := read(fd, unsafe.Pointer(&buf), int32(len(buf)))
	if n <= 0 {
	break
	}
	for i := int32(0); i < n; i++ {
	if buf[i] == '\n' {
	ncpu++
	}
	}
	}
	closefd(fd)
	if ncpu == 0 {
	ncpu = 1
	}
	return ncpu
	}

	var devswap = []byte("/dev/swap\x00")
	var pagesize = []byte(" pagesize\n")

	func getPageSize() uintptr {
	var buf [2048]byte
	var pos int
	fd := open(&devswap[0], _OREAD, 0)
	if fd < 0 {
	// There's not much we can do if /dev/swap doesn't
	// exist. However, nothing in the memory manager uses
	// this on Plan 9, so it also doesn't really matter.
	return minPhysPageSize
	}
	for pos < len(buf) {
	n := read(fd, unsafe.Pointer(&buf[pos]), int32(len(buf)-pos))
	if n <= 0 {
	break
	}
	pos += int(n)
	}
	closefd(fd)
	text := buf[:pos]
	// Find "<n> pagesize" line.
	bol := 0
	for i, c := range text {
	if c == '\n' {
	bol = i + 1
	}
	if bytesHasPrefix(text[i:], pagesize) {
	// Parse number at the beginning of this line.
	return uintptr(_atoi(text[bol:]))
	}
	}
	// Again, the page size doesn't really matter, so use a fallback.
	return minPhysPageSize
	}

	func bytesHasPrefix(s, prefix []byte) bool {
	if len(s) < len(prefix) {
	return false
	}
	for i, p := range prefix {
	if s[i] != p {
	return false
	}
	}
	return true
	}

	var pid = []byte("#c/pid\x00")

	func getpid() uint64 {
	var b [20]byte
	fd := open(&pid[0], 0, 0)
	if fd >= 0 {
	read(fd, unsafe.Pointer(&b), int32(len(b)))
	closefd(fd)
	}
	c := b[:]
	for c[0] == ' ' \|\| c[0] == '\t' {
	c = c[1:]
	}
	return uint64(_atoi(c))
	}

	func osinit() {
	physPageSize = getPageSize()
	initBloc()
	ncpu = getproccount()
	getg().m.procid = getpid()
	}

	//go:nosplit
	func crash() {
	notify(nil)
	(int)(nil) = 0
	}

	//go:nosplit
	func readRandom(r []byte) int {
	return 0
	}

	func initsig(preinit bool) {
	if !preinit {
	notify(unsafe.Pointer(abi.FuncPCABI0(sigtramp)))
	}
	}

	//go:nosplit
	func osyield() {
	sleep(0)
	}

	//go:nosplit
	func osyield_no_g() {
	osyield()
	}

	//go:nosplit
	func usleep(µs uint32) {
	ms := int32(µs / 1000)
	if ms == 0 {
	ms = 1
	}
	sleep(ms)
	}

	//go:nosplit
	func usleep_no_g(usec uint32) {
	usleep(usec)
	}

	//go:nosplit
	func nanotime1() int64 {
	var scratch int64
	ns := nsec(&scratch)
	// TODO(aram): remove hack after I fix _nsec in the pc64 kernel.
	if ns == 0 {
	return scratch
	}
	return ns
	}

	var goexits = []byte("go: exit ")
	var emptystatus = []byte("\x00")
	var exiting uint32

	func goexitsall(status *byte) {
	var buf [_ERRMAX]byte
	if !atomic.Cas(&exiting, 0, 1) {
	return
	}
	getg().m.locks++
	n := copy(buf[:], goexits)
	n = copy(buf[n:], gostringnocopy(status))
	pid := getpid()
	for mp := (*m)(atomic.Loadp(unsafe.Pointer(&allm))); mp != nil; mp = mp.alllink {
	if mp.procid != 0 && mp.procid != pid {
	postnote(mp.procid, buf[:])
	}
	}
	getg().m.locks--
	}

	var procdir = []byte("/proc/")
	var notefile = []byte("/note\x00")

	func postnote(pid uint64, msg []byte) int {
	var buf [128]byte
	var tmp [32]byte
	n := copy(buf[:], procdir)
	n += copy(buf[n:], itoa(tmp[:], pid))
	copy(buf[n:], notefile)
	fd := open(&buf[0], _OWRITE, 0)
	if fd < 0 {
	return -1
	}
	len := findnull(&msg[0])
	if write1(uintptr(fd), unsafe.Pointer(&msg[0]), int32(len)) != int32(len) {
	closefd(fd)
	return -1
	}
	closefd(fd)
	return 0
	}

	//go:nosplit
	func exit(e int32) {
	var status []byte
	if e == 0 {
	status = emptystatus
	} else {
	// build error string
	var tmp [32]byte
	sl := itoa(tmp[:len(tmp)-1], uint64(e))
	// Don't append, rely on the existing data being zero.
	status = sl[:len(sl)+1]
	}
	goexitsall(&status[0])
	exits(&status[0])
	}

	// May run with m.p==nil, so write barriers are not allowed.
	//
	//go:nowritebarrier
	func newosproc(mp *m) {
	if false {
	print("newosproc mp=", mp, " ostk=", &mp, "\n")
	}
	pid := rfork(_RFPROC \| _RFMEM \| _RFNOWAIT)
	if pid < 0 {
	throw("newosproc: rfork failed")
	}
	if pid == 0 {
	tstart_plan9(mp)
	}
	}

	func exitThread(wait *atomic.Uint32) {
	// We should never reach exitThread on Plan 9 because we let
	// the OS clean up threads.
	throw("exitThread")
	}

	//go:nosplit
	func semacreate(mp *m) {
	}

	//go:nosplit
	func semasleep(ns int64) int {
	gp := getg()
	if ns >= 0 {
	ms := timediv(ns, 1000000, nil)
	if ms == 0 {
	ms = 1
	}
	ret := plan9_tsemacquire(&gp.m.waitsemacount, ms)
	if ret == 1 {
	return 0 // success
	}
	return -1 // timeout or interrupted
	}
	for plan9_semacquire(&gp.m.waitsemacount, 1) < 0 {
	// interrupted; try again (c.f. lock_sema.go)
	}
	return 0 // success
	}

	//go:nosplit
	func semawakeup(mp *m) {
	plan9_semrelease(&mp.waitsemacount, 1)
	}

	//go:nosplit
	func read(fd int32, buf unsafe.Pointer, n int32) int32 {
	return pread(fd, buf, n, -1)
	}

	//go:nosplit
	func write1(fd uintptr, buf unsafe.Pointer, n int32) int32 {
	return pwrite(int32(fd), buf, n, -1)
	}

	var _badsignal = []byte("runtime: signal received on thread not created by Go.\n")

	// This runs on a foreign stack, without an m or a g. No stack split.
	//
	//go:nosplit
	func badsignal2() {
	pwrite(2, unsafe.Pointer(&_badsignal[0]), int32(len(_badsignal)), -1)
	exits(&_badsignal[0])
	}

	func raisebadsignal(sig uint32) {
	badsignal2()
	}

	func _atoi(b []byte) int {
	n := 0
	for len(b) > 0 && '0' <= b[0] && b[0] <= '9' {
	n = n*10 + int(b[0]) - '0'
	b = b[1:]
	}
	return n
	}

	func signame(sig uint32) string {
	if sig >= uint32(len(sigtable)) {
	return ""
	}
	return sigtable[sig].name
	}

	const preemptMSupported = false

	func preemptM(mp *m) {
	// Not currently supported.
	//
	// TODO: Use a note like we use signals on POSIX OSes
	}