blob: 5a9d477bc7711d6f8e1a65d2885126a8c7d5eb03 [file] [log] [blame]
// Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
#include "runtime.h"
#include "arch.h"
#include "defs.h"
#include "malloc.h"
#include "os.h"
#include "stack.h"
bool runtime·iscgo;
static void unwindstack(G*, byte*);
static void schedule(G*);
static void acquireproc(void);
static void releaseproc(void);
static M *startm(void);
typedef struct Sched Sched;
M runtime·m0;
G runtime·g0; // idle goroutine for m0
static int32 debug = 0;
int32 runtime·gcwaiting;
// Go scheduler
//
// The go scheduler's job is to match ready-to-run goroutines (`g's)
// with waiting-for-work schedulers (`m's). If there are ready g's
// and no waiting m's, ready() will start a new m running in a new
// OS thread, so that all ready g's can run simultaneously, up to a limit.
// For now, m's never go away.
//
// By default, Go keeps only one kernel thread (m) running user code
// at a single time; other threads may be blocked in the operating system.
// Setting the environment variable $GOMAXPROCS or calling
// runtime.GOMAXPROCS() will change the number of user threads
// allowed to execute simultaneously. $GOMAXPROCS is thus an
// approximation of the maximum number of cores to use.
//
// Even a program that can run without deadlock in a single process
// might use more m's if given the chance. For example, the prime
// sieve will use as many m's as there are primes (up to runtime·sched.mmax),
// allowing different stages of the pipeline to execute in parallel.
// We could revisit this choice, only kicking off new m's for blocking
// system calls, but that would limit the amount of parallel computation
// that go would try to do.
//
// In general, one could imagine all sorts of refinements to the
// scheduler, but the goal now is just to get something working on
// Linux and OS X.
struct Sched {
Lock;
G *gfree; // available g's (status == Gdead)
int32 goidgen;
G *ghead; // g's waiting to run
G *gtail;
int32 gwait; // number of g's waiting to run
int32 gcount; // number of g's that are alive
int32 grunning; // number of g's running on cpu or in syscall
M *mhead; // m's waiting for work
int32 mwait; // number of m's waiting for work
int32 mcount; // number of m's that have been created
volatile uint32 atomic; // atomic scheduling word (see below)
int32 predawn; // running initialization, don't run new g's.
int32 profilehz; // cpu profiling rate
Note stopped; // one g can set waitstop and wait here for m's to stop
};
// The atomic word in sched is an atomic uint32 that
// holds these fields.
//
// [15 bits] mcpu number of m's executing on cpu
// [15 bits] mcpumax max number of m's allowed on cpu
// [1 bit] waitstop some g is waiting on stopped
// [1 bit] gwaiting gwait != 0
//
// These fields are the information needed by entersyscall
// and exitsyscall to decide whether to coordinate with the
// scheduler. Packing them into a single machine word lets
// them use a fast path with a single atomic read/write and
// no lock/unlock. This greatly reduces contention in
// syscall- or cgo-heavy multithreaded programs.
//
// Except for entersyscall and exitsyscall, the manipulations
// to these fields only happen while holding the schedlock,
// so the routines holding schedlock only need to worry about
// what entersyscall and exitsyscall do, not the other routines
// (which also use the schedlock).
//
// In particular, entersyscall and exitsyscall only read mcpumax,
// waitstop, and gwaiting. They never write them. Thus, writes to those
// fields can be done (holding schedlock) without fear of write conflicts.
// There may still be logic conflicts: for example, the set of waitstop must
// be conditioned on mcpu >= mcpumax or else the wait may be a
// spurious sleep. The Promela model in proc.p verifies these accesses.
enum {
mcpuWidth = 15,
mcpuMask = (1<<mcpuWidth) - 1,
mcpuShift = 0,
mcpumaxShift = mcpuShift + mcpuWidth,
waitstopShift = mcpumaxShift + mcpuWidth,
gwaitingShift = waitstopShift+1,
// The max value of GOMAXPROCS is constrained
// by the max value we can store in the bit fields
// of the atomic word. Reserve a few high values
// so that we can detect accidental decrement
// beyond zero.
maxgomaxprocs = mcpuMask - 10,
};
#define atomic_mcpu(v) (((v)>>mcpuShift)&mcpuMask)
#define atomic_mcpumax(v) (((v)>>mcpumaxShift)&mcpuMask)
#define atomic_waitstop(v) (((v)>>waitstopShift)&1)
#define atomic_gwaiting(v) (((v)>>gwaitingShift)&1)
Sched runtime·sched;
int32 runtime·gomaxprocs;
bool runtime·singleproc;
// An m that is waiting for notewakeup(&m->havenextg). This may
// only be accessed while the scheduler lock is held. This is used to
// minimize the number of times we call notewakeup while the scheduler
// lock is held, since the m will normally move quickly to lock the
// scheduler itself, producing lock contention.
static M* mwakeup;
// Scheduling helpers. Sched must be locked.
static void gput(G*); // put/get on ghead/gtail
static G* gget(void);
static void mput(M*); // put/get on mhead
static M* mget(G*);
static void gfput(G*); // put/get on gfree
static G* gfget(void);
static void matchmg(void); // match m's to g's
static void readylocked(G*); // ready, but sched is locked
static void mnextg(M*, G*);
static void mcommoninit(M*);
void
setmcpumax(uint32 n)
{
uint32 v, w;
for(;;) {
v = runtime·sched.atomic;
w = v;
w &= ~(mcpuMask<<mcpumaxShift);
w |= n<<mcpumaxShift;
if(runtime·cas(&runtime·sched.atomic, v, w))
break;
}
}
// The bootstrap sequence is:
//
// call osinit
// call schedinit
// make & queue new G
// call runtime·mstart
//
// The new G does:
//
// call main·init_function
// call initdone
// call main·main
void
runtime·schedinit(void)
{
int32 n;
byte *p;
m->nomemprof++;
runtime·mallocinit();
mcommoninit(m);
runtime·goargs();
runtime·goenvs();
// For debugging:
// Allocate internal symbol table representation now,
// so that we don't need to call malloc when we crash.
// runtime·findfunc(0);
runtime·gomaxprocs = 1;
p = runtime·getenv("GOMAXPROCS");
if(p != nil && (n = runtime·atoi(p)) != 0) {
if(n > maxgomaxprocs)
n = maxgomaxprocs;
runtime·gomaxprocs = n;
}
setmcpumax(runtime·gomaxprocs);
runtime·singleproc = runtime·gomaxprocs == 1;
runtime·sched.predawn = 1;
m->nomemprof--;
}
// Lock the scheduler.
static void
schedlock(void)
{
runtime·lock(&runtime·sched);
}
// Unlock the scheduler.
static void
schedunlock(void)
{
M *m;
m = mwakeup;
mwakeup = nil;
runtime·unlock(&runtime·sched);
if(m != nil)
runtime·notewakeup(&m->havenextg);
}
// Called after main·init_function; main·main will be called on return.
void
runtime·initdone(void)
{
// Let's go.
runtime·sched.predawn = 0;
mstats.enablegc = 1;
// If main·init_function started other goroutines,
// kick off new m's to handle them, like ready
// would have, had it not been pre-dawn.
schedlock();
matchmg();
schedunlock();
}
void
runtime·goexit(void)
{
g->status = Gmoribund;
runtime·gosched();
}
void
runtime·goroutineheader(G *g)
{
int8 *status;
switch(g->status) {
case Gidle:
status = "idle";
break;
case Grunnable:
status = "runnable";
break;
case Grunning:
status = "running";
break;
case Gsyscall:
status = "syscall";
break;
case Gwaiting:
if(g->waitreason)
status = g->waitreason;
else
status = "waiting";
break;
case Gmoribund:
status = "moribund";
break;
default:
status = "???";
break;
}
runtime·printf("goroutine %d [%s]:\n", g->goid, status);
}
void
runtime·tracebackothers(G *me)
{
G *g;
for(g = runtime·allg; g != nil; g = g->alllink) {
if(g == me || g->status == Gdead)
continue;
runtime·printf("\n");
runtime·goroutineheader(g);
runtime·traceback(g->sched.pc, g->sched.sp, 0, g);
}
}
// Mark this g as m's idle goroutine.
// This functionality might be used in environments where programs
// are limited to a single thread, to simulate a select-driven
// network server. It is not exposed via the standard runtime API.
void
runtime·idlegoroutine(void)
{
if(g->idlem != nil)
runtime·throw("g is already an idle goroutine");
g->idlem = m;
}
static void
mcommoninit(M *m)
{
// Add to runtime·allm so garbage collector doesn't free m
// when it is just in a register or thread-local storage.
m->alllink = runtime·allm;
// runtime·Cgocalls() iterates over allm w/o schedlock,
// so we need to publish it safely.
runtime·atomicstorep(&runtime·allm, m);
m->id = runtime·sched.mcount++;
m->fastrand = 0x49f6428aUL + m->id;
m->stackalloc = runtime·malloc(sizeof(*m->stackalloc));
runtime·FixAlloc_Init(m->stackalloc, FixedStack, runtime·SysAlloc, nil, nil);
if(m->mcache == nil)
m->mcache = runtime·allocmcache();
}
// Try to increment mcpu. Report whether succeeded.
static bool
canaddmcpu(void)
{
uint32 v;
for(;;) {
v = runtime·sched.atomic;
if(atomic_mcpu(v) >= atomic_mcpumax(v))
return 0;
if(runtime·cas(&runtime·sched.atomic, v, v+(1<<mcpuShift)))
return 1;
}
}
// Put on `g' queue. Sched must be locked.
static void
gput(G *g)
{
M *m;
// If g is wired, hand it off directly.
if((m = g->lockedm) != nil && canaddmcpu()) {
mnextg(m, g);
return;
}
// If g is the idle goroutine for an m, hand it off.
if(g->idlem != nil) {
if(g->idlem->idleg != nil) {
runtime·printf("m%d idle out of sync: g%d g%d\n",
g->idlem->id,
g->idlem->idleg->goid, g->goid);
runtime·throw("runtime: double idle");
}
g->idlem->idleg = g;
return;
}
g->schedlink = nil;
if(runtime·sched.ghead == nil)
runtime·sched.ghead = g;
else
runtime·sched.gtail->schedlink = g;
runtime·sched.gtail = g;
// increment gwait.
// if it transitions to nonzero, set atomic gwaiting bit.
if(runtime·sched.gwait++ == 0)
runtime·xadd(&runtime·sched.atomic, 1<<gwaitingShift);
}
// Report whether gget would return something.
static bool
haveg(void)
{
return runtime·sched.ghead != nil || m->idleg != nil;
}
// Get from `g' queue. Sched must be locked.
static G*
gget(void)
{
G *g;
g = runtime·sched.ghead;
if(g){
runtime·sched.ghead = g->schedlink;
if(runtime·sched.ghead == nil)
runtime·sched.gtail = nil;
// decrement gwait.
// if it transitions to zero, clear atomic gwaiting bit.
if(--runtime·sched.gwait == 0)
runtime·xadd(&runtime·sched.atomic, -1<<gwaitingShift);
} else if(m->idleg != nil) {
g = m->idleg;
m->idleg = nil;
}
return g;
}
// Put on `m' list. Sched must be locked.
static void
mput(M *m)
{
m->schedlink = runtime·sched.mhead;
runtime·sched.mhead = m;
runtime·sched.mwait++;
}
// Get an `m' to run `g'. Sched must be locked.
static M*
mget(G *g)
{
M *m;
// if g has its own m, use it.
if(g && (m = g->lockedm) != nil)
return m;
// otherwise use general m pool.
if((m = runtime·sched.mhead) != nil){
runtime·sched.mhead = m->schedlink;
runtime·sched.mwait--;
}
return m;
}
// Mark g ready to run.
void
runtime·ready(G *g)
{
schedlock();
readylocked(g);
schedunlock();
}
// Mark g ready to run. Sched is already locked.
// G might be running already and about to stop.
// The sched lock protects g->status from changing underfoot.
static void
readylocked(G *g)
{
if(g->m){
// Running on another machine.
// Ready it when it stops.
g->readyonstop = 1;
return;
}
// Mark runnable.
if(g->status == Grunnable || g->status == Grunning) {
runtime·printf("goroutine %d has status %d\n", g->goid, g->status);
runtime·throw("bad g->status in ready");
}
g->status = Grunnable;
gput(g);
if(!runtime·sched.predawn)
matchmg();
}
static void
nop(void)
{
}
// Same as readylocked but a different symbol so that
// debuggers can set a breakpoint here and catch all
// new goroutines.
static void
newprocreadylocked(G *g)
{
nop(); // avoid inlining in 6l
readylocked(g);
}
// Pass g to m for running.
// Caller has already incremented mcpu.
static void
mnextg(M *m, G *g)
{
runtime·sched.grunning++;
m->nextg = g;
if(m->waitnextg) {
m->waitnextg = 0;
if(mwakeup != nil)
runtime·notewakeup(&mwakeup->havenextg);
mwakeup = m;
}
}
// Get the next goroutine that m should run.
// Sched must be locked on entry, is unlocked on exit.
// Makes sure that at most $GOMAXPROCS g's are
// running on cpus (not in system calls) at any given time.
static G*
nextgandunlock(void)
{
G *gp;
uint32 v;
top:
if(atomic_mcpu(runtime·sched.atomic) >= maxgomaxprocs)
runtime·throw("negative mcpu");
// If there is a g waiting as m->nextg, the mcpu++
// happened before it was passed to mnextg.
if(m->nextg != nil) {
gp = m->nextg;
m->nextg = nil;
schedunlock();
return gp;
}
if(m->lockedg != nil) {
// We can only run one g, and it's not available.
// Make sure some other cpu is running to handle
// the ordinary run queue.
if(runtime·sched.gwait != 0) {
matchmg();
// m->lockedg might have been on the queue.
if(m->nextg != nil) {
gp = m->nextg;
m->nextg = nil;
schedunlock();
return gp;
}
}
} else {
// Look for work on global queue.
while(haveg() && canaddmcpu()) {
gp = gget();
if(gp == nil)
runtime·throw("gget inconsistency");
if(gp->lockedm) {
mnextg(gp->lockedm, gp);
continue;
}
runtime·sched.grunning++;
schedunlock();
return gp;
}
// The while loop ended either because the g queue is empty
// or because we have maxed out our m procs running go
// code (mcpu >= mcpumax). We need to check that
// concurrent actions by entersyscall/exitsyscall cannot
// invalidate the decision to end the loop.
//
// We hold the sched lock, so no one else is manipulating the
// g queue or changing mcpumax. Entersyscall can decrement
// mcpu, but if does so when there is something on the g queue,
// the gwait bit will be set, so entersyscall will take the slow path
// and use the sched lock. So it cannot invalidate our decision.
//
// Wait on global m queue.
mput(m);
}
v = runtime·atomicload(&runtime·sched.atomic);
if(runtime·sched.grunning == 0)
runtime·throw("all goroutines are asleep - deadlock!");
m->nextg = nil;
m->waitnextg = 1;
runtime·noteclear(&m->havenextg);
// Stoptheworld is waiting for all but its cpu to go to stop.
// Entersyscall might have decremented mcpu too, but if so
// it will see the waitstop and take the slow path.
// Exitsyscall never increments mcpu beyond mcpumax.
if(atomic_waitstop(v) && atomic_mcpu(v) <= atomic_mcpumax(v)) {
// set waitstop = 0 (known to be 1)
runtime·xadd(&runtime·sched.atomic, -1<<waitstopShift);
runtime·notewakeup(&runtime·sched.stopped);
}
schedunlock();
runtime·notesleep(&m->havenextg);
if(m->helpgc) {
runtime·gchelper();
m->helpgc = 0;
runtime·lock(&runtime·sched);
goto top;
}
if((gp = m->nextg) == nil)
runtime·throw("bad m->nextg in nextgoroutine");
m->nextg = nil;
return gp;
}
int32
runtime·helpgc(bool *extra)
{
M *mp;
int32 n, max;
// Figure out how many CPUs to use.
// Limited by gomaxprocs, number of actual CPUs, and MaxGcproc.
max = runtime·gomaxprocs;
if(max > runtime·ncpu)
max = runtime·ncpu;
if(max > MaxGcproc)
max = MaxGcproc;
// We're going to use one CPU no matter what.
// Figure out the max number of additional CPUs.
max--;
runtime·lock(&runtime·sched);
n = 0;
while(n < max && (mp = mget(nil)) != nil) {
n++;
mp->helpgc = 1;
mp->waitnextg = 0;
runtime·notewakeup(&mp->havenextg);
}
runtime·unlock(&runtime·sched);
if(extra)
*extra = n != max;
return n;
}
void
runtime·stoptheworld(void)
{
uint32 v;
schedlock();
runtime·gcwaiting = 1;
setmcpumax(1);
// while mcpu > 1
for(;;) {
v = runtime·sched.atomic;
if(atomic_mcpu(v) <= 1)
break;
// It would be unsafe for multiple threads to be using
// the stopped note at once, but there is only
// ever one thread doing garbage collection.
runtime·noteclear(&runtime·sched.stopped);
if(atomic_waitstop(v))
runtime·throw("invalid waitstop");
// atomic { waitstop = 1 }, predicated on mcpu <= 1 check above
// still being true.
if(!runtime·cas(&runtime·sched.atomic, v, v+(1<<waitstopShift)))
continue;
schedunlock();
runtime·notesleep(&runtime·sched.stopped);
schedlock();
}
runtime·singleproc = runtime·gomaxprocs == 1;
schedunlock();
}
void
runtime·starttheworld(bool extra)
{
M *m;
schedlock();
runtime·gcwaiting = 0;
setmcpumax(runtime·gomaxprocs);
matchmg();
if(extra && canaddmcpu()) {
// Start a new m that will (we hope) be idle
// and so available to help when the next
// garbage collection happens.
// canaddmcpu above did mcpu++
// (necessary, because m will be doing various
// initialization work so is definitely running),
// but m is not running a specific goroutine,
// so set the helpgc flag as a signal to m's
// first schedule(nil) to mcpu-- and grunning--.
m = startm();
m->helpgc = 1;
runtime·sched.grunning++;
}
schedunlock();
}
// Called to start an M.
void
runtime·mstart(void)
{
if(g != m->g0)
runtime·throw("bad runtime·mstart");
// Record top of stack for use by mcall.
// Once we call schedule we're never coming back,
// so other calls can reuse this stack space.
runtime·gosave(&m->g0->sched);
m->g0->sched.pc = (void*)-1; // make sure it is never used
runtime·minit();
schedule(nil);
}
// When running with cgo, we call libcgo_thread_start
// to start threads for us so that we can play nicely with
// foreign code.
void (*libcgo_thread_start)(void*);
typedef struct CgoThreadStart CgoThreadStart;
struct CgoThreadStart
{
M *m;
G *g;
void (*fn)(void);
};
// Kick off new m's as needed (up to mcpumax).
// There are already `other' other cpus that will
// start looking for goroutines shortly.
// Sched is locked.
static void
matchmg(void)
{
G *gp;
M *mp;
if(m->mallocing || m->gcing)
return;
while(haveg() && canaddmcpu()) {
gp = gget();
if(gp == nil)
runtime·throw("gget inconsistency");
// Find the m that will run gp.
if((mp = mget(gp)) == nil)
mp = startm();
mnextg(mp, gp);
}
}
static M*
startm(void)
{
M *m;
m = runtime·malloc(sizeof(M));
mcommoninit(m);
if(runtime·iscgo) {
CgoThreadStart ts;
if(libcgo_thread_start == nil)
runtime·throw("libcgo_thread_start missing");
// pthread_create will make us a stack.
m->g0 = runtime·malg(-1);
ts.m = m;
ts.g = m->g0;
ts.fn = runtime·mstart;
runtime·asmcgocall(libcgo_thread_start, &ts);
} else {
if(Windows)
// windows will layout sched stack on os stack
m->g0 = runtime·malg(-1);
else
m->g0 = runtime·malg(8192);
runtime·newosproc(m, m->g0, m->g0->stackbase, runtime·mstart);
}
return m;
}
// One round of scheduler: find a goroutine and run it.
// The argument is the goroutine that was running before
// schedule was called, or nil if this is the first call.
// Never returns.
static void
schedule(G *gp)
{
int32 hz;
uint32 v;
schedlock();
if(gp != nil) {
if(runtime·sched.predawn)
runtime·throw("init rescheduling");
// Just finished running gp.
gp->m = nil;
runtime·sched.grunning--;
// atomic { mcpu-- }
v = runtime·xadd(&runtime·sched.atomic, -1<<mcpuShift);
if(atomic_mcpu(v) > maxgomaxprocs)
runtime·throw("negative mcpu in scheduler");
switch(gp->status){
case Grunnable:
case Gdead:
// Shouldn't have been running!
runtime·throw("bad gp->status in sched");
case Grunning:
gp->status = Grunnable;
gput(gp);
break;
case Gmoribund:
gp->status = Gdead;
if(gp->lockedm) {
gp->lockedm = nil;
m->lockedg = nil;
}
gp->idlem = nil;
unwindstack(gp, nil);
gfput(gp);
if(--runtime·sched.gcount == 0)
runtime·exit(0);
break;
}
if(gp->readyonstop){
gp->readyonstop = 0;
readylocked(gp);
}
} else if(m->helpgc) {
// atomic { mcpu-- }
v = runtime·xadd(&runtime·sched.atomic, -1<<mcpuShift);
if(atomic_mcpu(v) > maxgomaxprocs)
runtime·throw("negative mcpu in scheduler");
// Compensate for increment in starttheworld().
runtime·sched.grunning--;
m->helpgc = 0;
}
// Find (or wait for) g to run. Unlocks runtime·sched.
gp = nextgandunlock();
gp->readyonstop = 0;
gp->status = Grunning;
m->curg = gp;
gp->m = m;
// Check whether the profiler needs to be turned on or off.
hz = runtime·sched.profilehz;
if(m->profilehz != hz)
runtime·resetcpuprofiler(hz);
if(gp->sched.pc == (byte*)runtime·goexit) { // kickoff
runtime·gogocall(&gp->sched, (void(*)(void))gp->entry);
}
runtime·gogo(&gp->sched, 0);
}
// Enter scheduler. If g->status is Grunning,
// re-queues g and runs everyone else who is waiting
// before running g again. If g->status is Gmoribund,
// kills off g.
// Cannot split stack because it is called from exitsyscall.
// See comment below.
#pragma textflag 7
void
runtime·gosched(void)
{
if(m->locks != 0)
runtime·throw("gosched holding locks");
if(g == m->g0)
runtime·throw("gosched of g0");
runtime·mcall(schedule);
}
// The goroutine g is about to enter a system call.
// Record that it's not using the cpu anymore.
// This is called only from the go syscall library and cgocall,
// not from the low-level system calls used by the runtime.
//
// Entersyscall cannot split the stack: the runtime·gosave must
// make g->sched refer to the caller's stack segment, because
// entersyscall is going to return immediately after.
// It's okay to call matchmg and notewakeup even after
// decrementing mcpu, because we haven't released the
// sched lock yet, so the garbage collector cannot be running.
#pragma textflag 7
void
runtime·entersyscall(void)
{
uint32 v;
if(runtime·sched.predawn)
return;
// Leave SP around for gc and traceback.
runtime·gosave(&g->sched);
g->gcsp = g->sched.sp;
g->gcstack = g->stackbase;
g->gcguard = g->stackguard;
g->status = Gsyscall;
if(g->gcsp < g->gcguard-StackGuard || g->gcstack < g->gcsp) {
// runtime·printf("entersyscall inconsistent %p [%p,%p]\n",
// g->gcsp, g->gcguard-StackGuard, g->gcstack);
runtime·throw("entersyscall");
}
// Fast path.
// The slow path inside the schedlock/schedunlock will get
// through without stopping if it does:
// mcpu--
// gwait not true
// waitstop && mcpu <= mcpumax not true
// If we can do the same with a single atomic add,
// then we can skip the locks.
v = runtime·xadd(&runtime·sched.atomic, -1<<mcpuShift);
if(!atomic_gwaiting(v) && (!atomic_waitstop(v) || atomic_mcpu(v) > atomic_mcpumax(v)))
return;
schedlock();
v = runtime·atomicload(&runtime·sched.atomic);
if(atomic_gwaiting(v)) {
matchmg();
v = runtime·atomicload(&runtime·sched.atomic);
}
if(atomic_waitstop(v) && atomic_mcpu(v) <= atomic_mcpumax(v)) {
runtime·xadd(&runtime·sched.atomic, -1<<waitstopShift);
runtime·notewakeup(&runtime·sched.stopped);
}
// Re-save sched in case one of the calls
// (notewakeup, matchmg) triggered something using it.
runtime·gosave(&g->sched);
schedunlock();
}
// The goroutine g exited its system call.
// Arrange for it to run on a cpu again.
// This is called only from the go syscall library, not
// from the low-level system calls used by the runtime.
void
runtime·exitsyscall(void)
{
uint32 v;
if(runtime·sched.predawn)
return;
// Fast path.
// If we can do the mcpu++ bookkeeping and
// find that we still have mcpu <= mcpumax, then we can
// start executing Go code immediately, without having to
// schedlock/schedunlock.
v = runtime·xadd(&runtime·sched.atomic, (1<<mcpuShift));
if(m->profilehz == runtime·sched.profilehz && atomic_mcpu(v) <= atomic_mcpumax(v)) {
// There's a cpu for us, so we can run.
g->status = Grunning;
// Garbage collector isn't running (since we are),
// so okay to clear gcstack.
g->gcstack = nil;
return;
}
// Tell scheduler to put g back on the run queue:
// mostly equivalent to g->status = Grunning,
// but keeps the garbage collector from thinking
// that g is running right now, which it's not.
g->readyonstop = 1;
// All the cpus are taken.
// The scheduler will ready g and put this m to sleep.
// When the scheduler takes g away from m,
// it will undo the runtime·sched.mcpu++ above.
runtime·gosched();
// Gosched returned, so we're allowed to run now.
// Delete the gcstack information that we left for
// the garbage collector during the system call.
// Must wait until now because until gosched returns
// we don't know for sure that the garbage collector
// is not running.
g->gcstack = nil;
}
void
runtime·oldstack(void)
{
Stktop *top, old;
uint32 argsize;
byte *sp;
G *g1;
int32 goid;
//printf("oldstack m->cret=%p\n", m->cret);
g1 = m->curg;
top = (Stktop*)g1->stackbase;
sp = (byte*)top;
old = *top;
argsize = old.argsize;
if(argsize > 0) {
sp -= argsize;
runtime·memmove(top->argp, sp, argsize);
}
goid = old.gobuf.g->goid; // fault if g is bad, before gogo
USED(goid);
if(old.free != 0)
runtime·stackfree(g1->stackguard - StackGuard, old.free);
g1->stackbase = old.stackbase;
g1->stackguard = old.stackguard;
runtime·gogo(&old.gobuf, m->cret);
}
void
runtime·newstack(void)
{
int32 framesize, argsize;
Stktop *top;
byte *stk, *sp;
G *g1;
Gobuf label;
bool reflectcall;
uintptr free;
framesize = m->moreframesize;
argsize = m->moreargsize;
g1 = m->curg;
if(m->morebuf.sp < g1->stackguard - StackGuard) {
runtime·printf("runtime: split stack overflow: %p < %p\n", m->morebuf.sp, g1->stackguard - StackGuard);
runtime·throw("runtime: split stack overflow");
}
if(argsize % sizeof(uintptr) != 0) {
runtime·printf("runtime: stack split with misaligned argsize %d\n", argsize);
runtime·throw("runtime: stack split argsize");
}
reflectcall = framesize==1;
if(reflectcall)
framesize = 0;
if(reflectcall && m->morebuf.sp - sizeof(Stktop) - argsize - 32 > g1->stackguard) {
// special case: called from reflect.call (framesize==1)
// to call code with an arbitrary argument size,
// and we have enough space on the current stack.
// the new Stktop* is necessary to unwind, but
// we don't need to create a new segment.
top = (Stktop*)(m->morebuf.sp - sizeof(*top));
stk = g1->stackguard - StackGuard;
free = 0;
} else {
// allocate new segment.
framesize += argsize;
framesize += StackExtra; // room for more functions, Stktop.
if(framesize < StackMin)
framesize = StackMin;
framesize += StackSystem;
stk = runtime·stackalloc(framesize);
top = (Stktop*)(stk+framesize-sizeof(*top));
free = framesize;
}
//runtime·printf("newstack framesize=%d argsize=%d morepc=%p moreargp=%p gobuf=%p, %p top=%p old=%p\n",
//framesize, argsize, m->morepc, m->moreargp, m->morebuf.pc, m->morebuf.sp, top, g1->stackbase);
top->stackbase = g1->stackbase;
top->stackguard = g1->stackguard;
top->gobuf = m->morebuf;
top->argp = m->moreargp;
top->argsize = argsize;
top->free = free;
// copy flag from panic
top->panic = g1->ispanic;
g1->ispanic = false;
g1->stackbase = (byte*)top;
g1->stackguard = stk + StackGuard;
sp = (byte*)top;
if(argsize > 0) {
sp -= argsize;
runtime·memmove(sp, m->moreargp, argsize);
}
if(thechar == '5') {
// caller would have saved its LR below args.
sp -= sizeof(void*);
*(void**)sp = nil;
}
// Continue as if lessstack had just called m->morepc
// (the PC that decided to grow the stack).
label.sp = sp;
label.pc = (byte*)runtime·lessstack;
label.g = m->curg;
runtime·gogocall(&label, m->morepc);
*(int32*)345 = 123; // never return
}
static void
mstackalloc(G *gp)
{
gp->param = runtime·stackalloc((uintptr)gp->param);
runtime·gogo(&gp->sched, 0);
}
G*
runtime·malg(int32 stacksize)
{
G *newg;
byte *stk;
newg = runtime·malloc(sizeof(G));
if(stacksize >= 0) {
if(g == m->g0) {
// running on scheduler stack already.
stk = runtime·stackalloc(StackSystem + stacksize);
} else {
// have to call stackalloc on scheduler stack.
g->param = (void*)(StackSystem + stacksize);
runtime·mcall(mstackalloc);
stk = g->param;
g->param = nil;
}
newg->stack0 = stk;
newg->stackguard = stk + StackGuard;
newg->stackbase = stk + StackSystem + stacksize - sizeof(Stktop);
runtime·memclr(newg->stackbase, sizeof(Stktop));
}
return newg;
}
/*
* Newproc and deferproc need to be textflag 7
* (no possible stack split when nearing overflow)
* because they assume that the arguments to fn
* are available sequentially beginning at &arg0.
* If a stack split happened, only the one word
* arg0 would be copied. It's okay if any functions
* they call split the stack below the newproc frame.
*/
#pragma textflag 7
void
runtime·newproc(int32 siz, byte* fn, ...)
{
byte *argp;
if(thechar == '5')
argp = (byte*)(&fn+2); // skip caller's saved LR
else
argp = (byte*)(&fn+1);
runtime·newproc1(fn, argp, siz, 0, runtime·getcallerpc(&siz));
}
G*
runtime·newproc1(byte *fn, byte *argp, int32 narg, int32 nret, void *callerpc)
{
byte *sp;
G *newg;
int32 siz;
//printf("newproc1 %p %p narg=%d nret=%d\n", fn, argp, narg, nret);
siz = narg + nret;
siz = (siz+7) & ~7;
// We could instead create a secondary stack frame
// and make it look like goexit was on the original but
// the call to the actual goroutine function was split.
// Not worth it: this is almost always an error.
if(siz > StackMin - 1024)
runtime·throw("runtime.newproc: function arguments too large for new goroutine");
schedlock();
if((newg = gfget()) != nil){
if(newg->stackguard - StackGuard != newg->stack0)
runtime·throw("invalid stack in newg");
} else {
newg = runtime·malg(StackMin);
if(runtime·lastg == nil)
runtime·allg = newg;
else
runtime·lastg->alllink = newg;
runtime·lastg = newg;
}
newg->status = Gwaiting;
newg->waitreason = "new goroutine";
sp = newg->stackbase;
sp -= siz;
runtime·memmove(sp, argp, narg);
if(thechar == '5') {
// caller's LR
sp -= sizeof(void*);
*(void**)sp = nil;
}
newg->sched.sp = sp;
newg->sched.pc = (byte*)runtime·goexit;
newg->sched.g = newg;
newg->entry = fn;
newg->gopc = (uintptr)callerpc;
runtime·sched.gcount++;
runtime·sched.goidgen++;
newg->goid = runtime·sched.goidgen;
newprocreadylocked(newg);
schedunlock();
return newg;
//printf(" goid=%d\n", newg->goid);
}
#pragma textflag 7
uintptr
runtime·deferproc(int32 siz, byte* fn, ...)
{
Defer *d;
d = runtime·malloc(sizeof(*d) + siz - sizeof(d->args));
d->fn = fn;
d->siz = siz;
d->pc = runtime·getcallerpc(&siz);
if(thechar == '5')
d->argp = (byte*)(&fn+2); // skip caller's saved link register
else
d->argp = (byte*)(&fn+1);
runtime·memmove(d->args, d->argp, d->siz);
d->link = g->defer;
g->defer = d;
// deferproc returns 0 normally.
// a deferred func that stops a panic
// makes the deferproc return 1.
// the code the compiler generates always
// checks the return value and jumps to the
// end of the function if deferproc returns != 0.
return 0;
}
#pragma textflag 7
void
runtime·deferreturn(uintptr arg0)
{
Defer *d;
byte *argp, *fn;
d = g->defer;
if(d == nil)
return;
argp = (byte*)&arg0;
if(d->argp != argp)
return;
runtime·memmove(argp, d->args, d->siz);
g->defer = d->link;
fn = d->fn;
if(!d->nofree)
runtime·free(d);
runtime·jmpdefer(fn, argp);
}
static void
rundefer(void)
{
Defer *d;
while((d = g->defer) != nil) {
g->defer = d->link;
reflect·call(d->fn, d->args, d->siz);
if(!d->nofree)
runtime·free(d);
}
}
// Free stack frames until we hit the last one
// or until we find the one that contains the argp.
static void
unwindstack(G *gp, byte *sp)
{
Stktop *top;
byte *stk;
// Must be called from a different goroutine, usually m->g0.
if(g == gp)
runtime·throw("unwindstack on self");
while((top = (Stktop*)gp->stackbase) != nil && top->stackbase != nil) {
stk = gp->stackguard - StackGuard;
if(stk <= sp && sp < gp->stackbase)
break;
gp->stackbase = top->stackbase;
gp->stackguard = top->stackguard;
if(top->free != 0)
runtime·stackfree(stk, top->free);
}
if(sp != nil && (sp < gp->stackguard - StackGuard || gp->stackbase < sp)) {
runtime·printf("recover: %p not in [%p, %p]\n", sp, gp->stackguard - StackGuard, gp->stackbase);
runtime·throw("bad unwindstack");
}
}
static void
printpanics(Panic *p)
{
if(p->link) {
printpanics(p->link);
runtime·printf("\t");
}
runtime·printf("panic: ");
runtime·printany(p->arg);
if(p->recovered)
runtime·printf(" [recovered]");
runtime·printf("\n");
}
static void recovery(G*);
void
runtime·panic(Eface e)
{
Defer *d;
Panic *p;
p = runtime·mal(sizeof *p);
p->arg = e;
p->link = g->panic;
p->stackbase = g->stackbase;
g->panic = p;
for(;;) {
d = g->defer;
if(d == nil)
break;
// take defer off list in case of recursive panic
g->defer = d->link;
g->ispanic = true; // rock for newstack, where reflect.call ends up
reflect·call(d->fn, d->args, d->siz);
if(p->recovered) {
g->panic = p->link;
if(g->panic == nil) // must be done with signal
g->sig = 0;
runtime·free(p);
// put recovering defer back on list
// for scheduler to find.
d->link = g->defer;
g->defer = d;
runtime·mcall(recovery);
runtime·throw("recovery failed"); // mcall should not return
}
if(!d->nofree)
runtime·free(d);
}
// ran out of deferred calls - old-school panic now
runtime·startpanic();
printpanics(g->panic);
runtime·dopanic(0);
}
static void
recovery(G *gp)
{
Defer *d;
// Rewind gp's stack; we're running on m->g0's stack.
d = gp->defer;
gp->defer = d->link;
// Unwind to the stack frame with d's arguments in it.
unwindstack(gp, d->argp);
// Make the deferproc for this d return again,
// this time returning 1. The calling function will
// jump to the standard return epilogue.
// The -2*sizeof(uintptr) makes up for the
// two extra words that are on the stack at
// each call to deferproc.
// (The pc we're returning to does pop pop
// before it tests the return value.)
// On the arm there are 2 saved LRs mixed in too.
if(thechar == '5')
gp->sched.sp = (byte*)d->argp - 4*sizeof(uintptr);
else
gp->sched.sp = (byte*)d->argp - 2*sizeof(uintptr);
gp->sched.pc = d->pc;
if(!d->nofree)
runtime·free(d);
runtime·gogo(&gp->sched, 1);
}
#pragma textflag 7 /* no split, or else g->stackguard is not the stack for fp */
void
runtime·recover(byte *argp, Eface ret)
{
Stktop *top, *oldtop;
Panic *p;
// Must be a panic going on.
if((p = g->panic) == nil || p->recovered)
goto nomatch;
// Frame must be at the top of the stack segment,
// because each deferred call starts a new stack
// segment as a side effect of using reflect.call.
// (There has to be some way to remember the
// variable argument frame size, and the segment
// code already takes care of that for us, so we
// reuse it.)
//
// As usual closures complicate things: the fp that
// the closure implementation function claims to have
// is where the explicit arguments start, after the
// implicit pointer arguments and PC slot.
// If we're on the first new segment for a closure,
// then fp == top - top->args is correct, but if
// the closure has its own big argument frame and
// allocated a second segment (see below),
// the fp is slightly above top - top->args.
// That condition can't happen normally though
// (stack pointers go down, not up), so we can accept
// any fp between top and top - top->args as
// indicating the top of the segment.
top = (Stktop*)g->stackbase;
if(argp < (byte*)top - top->argsize || (byte*)top < argp)
goto nomatch;
// The deferred call makes a new segment big enough
// for the argument frame but not necessarily big
// enough for the function's local frame (size unknown
// at the time of the call), so the function might have
// made its own segment immediately. If that's the
// case, back top up to the older one, the one that
// reflect.call would have made for the panic.
//
// The fp comparison here checks that the argument
// frame that was copied during the split (the top->args
// bytes above top->fp) abuts the old top of stack.
// This is a correct test for both closure and non-closure code.
oldtop = (Stktop*)top->stackbase;
if(oldtop != nil && top->argp == (byte*)oldtop - top->argsize)
top = oldtop;
// Now we have the segment that was created to
// run this call. It must have been marked as a panic segment.
if(!top->panic)
goto nomatch;
// Okay, this is the top frame of a deferred call
// in response to a panic. It can see the panic argument.
p->recovered = 1;
ret = p->arg;
FLUSH(&ret);
return;
nomatch:
ret.type = nil;
ret.data = nil;
FLUSH(&ret);
}
// Put on gfree list. Sched must be locked.
static void
gfput(G *g)
{
if(g->stackguard - StackGuard != g->stack0)
runtime·throw("invalid stack in gfput");
g->schedlink = runtime·sched.gfree;
runtime·sched.gfree = g;
}
// Get from gfree list. Sched must be locked.
static G*
gfget(void)
{
G *g;
g = runtime·sched.gfree;
if(g)
runtime·sched.gfree = g->schedlink;
return g;
}
void
runtime·Breakpoint(void)
{
runtime·breakpoint();
}
void
runtime·Goexit(void)
{
rundefer();
runtime·goexit();
}
void
runtime·Gosched(void)
{
runtime·gosched();
}
void
runtime·LockOSThread(void)
{
if(runtime·sched.predawn)
runtime·throw("cannot wire during init");
m->lockedg = g;
g->lockedm = m;
}
// delete when scheduler is stronger
int32
runtime·gomaxprocsfunc(int32 n)
{
int32 ret;
uint32 v;
schedlock();
ret = runtime·gomaxprocs;
if(n <= 0)
n = ret;
if(n > maxgomaxprocs)
n = maxgomaxprocs;
runtime·gomaxprocs = n;
if(runtime·gomaxprocs > 1)
runtime·singleproc = false;
if(runtime·gcwaiting != 0) {
if(atomic_mcpumax(runtime·sched.atomic) != 1)
runtime·throw("invalid mcpumax during gc");
schedunlock();
return ret;
}
setmcpumax(n);
// If there are now fewer allowed procs
// than procs running, stop.
v = runtime·atomicload(&runtime·sched.atomic);
if(atomic_mcpu(v) > n) {
schedunlock();
runtime·gosched();
return ret;
}
// handle more procs
matchmg();
schedunlock();
return ret;
}
void
runtime·UnlockOSThread(void)
{
m->lockedg = nil;
g->lockedm = nil;
}
bool
runtime·lockedOSThread(void)
{
return g->lockedm != nil && m->lockedg != nil;
}
// for testing of wire, unwire
void
runtime·mid(uint32 ret)
{
ret = m->id;
FLUSH(&ret);
}
void
runtime·Goroutines(int32 ret)
{
ret = runtime·sched.gcount;
FLUSH(&ret);
}
int32
runtime·mcount(void)
{
return runtime·sched.mcount;
}
void
runtime·badmcall(void) // called from assembly
{
runtime·throw("runtime: mcall called on m->g0 stack");
}
void
runtime·badmcall2(void) // called from assembly
{
runtime·throw("runtime: mcall function returned");
}
static struct {
Lock;
void (*fn)(uintptr*, int32);
int32 hz;
uintptr pcbuf[100];
} prof;
void
runtime·sigprof(uint8 *pc, uint8 *sp, uint8 *lr, G *gp)
{
int32 n;
if(prof.fn == nil || prof.hz == 0)
return;
runtime·lock(&prof);
if(prof.fn == nil) {
runtime·unlock(&prof);
return;
}
n = runtime·gentraceback(pc, sp, lr, gp, 0, prof.pcbuf, nelem(prof.pcbuf));
if(n > 0)
prof.fn(prof.pcbuf, n);
runtime·unlock(&prof);
}
void
runtime·setcpuprofilerate(void (*fn)(uintptr*, int32), int32 hz)
{
// Force sane arguments.
if(hz < 0)
hz = 0;
if(hz == 0)
fn = nil;
if(fn == nil)
hz = 0;
// Stop profiler on this cpu so that it is safe to lock prof.
// if a profiling signal came in while we had prof locked,
// it would deadlock.
runtime·resetcpuprofiler(0);
runtime·lock(&prof);
prof.fn = fn;
prof.hz = hz;
runtime·unlock(&prof);
runtime·lock(&runtime·sched);
runtime·sched.profilehz = hz;
runtime·unlock(&runtime·sched);
if(hz != 0)
runtime·resetcpuprofiler(hz);
}
void (*libcgo_setenv)(byte**);
void
os·setenv_c(String k, String v)
{
byte *arg[2];
if(libcgo_setenv == nil)
return;
arg[0] = runtime·malloc(k.len + 1);
runtime·memmove(arg[0], k.str, k.len);
arg[0][k.len] = 0;
arg[1] = runtime·malloc(v.len + 1);
runtime·memmove(arg[1], v.str, v.len);
arg[1][v.len] = 0;
runtime·asmcgocall((void*)libcgo_setenv, arg);
runtime·free(arg[0]);
runtime·free(arg[1]);
}