src/pkg/fmt/format.go

// Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

package fmt

import (
	"bytes"
	"strconv"
)

const (
	nByte = 64

	ldigits = "0123456789abcdef"
	udigits = "0123456789ABCDEF"
)

const (
	signed   = true
	unsigned = false
)

var padZeroBytes = make([]byte, nByte)
var padSpaceBytes = make([]byte, nByte)

var newline = []byte{'\n'}

func init() {
	for i := 0; i < nByte; i++ {
		padZeroBytes[i] = '0'
		padSpaceBytes[i] = ' '
	}
}

// A fmt is the raw formatter used by Printf etc.
// It prints into a bytes.Buffer that must be set up externally.
type fmt struct {
	intbuf [nByte]byte
	buf    *bytes.Buffer
	// width, precision
	wid  int
	prec int
	// flags
	widPresent  bool
	precPresent bool
	minus       bool
	plus        bool
	sharp       bool
	space       bool
	zero        bool
}

func (f *fmt) clearflags() {
	f.wid = 0
	f.widPresent = false
	f.prec = 0
	f.precPresent = false
	f.minus = false
	f.plus = false
	f.sharp = false
	f.space = false
	f.zero = false
}

func (f *fmt) init(buf *bytes.Buffer) {
	f.buf = buf
	f.clearflags()
}

// Compute left and right padding widths (only one will be non-zero).
func (f *fmt) computePadding(width int) (padding []byte, leftWidth, rightWidth int) {
	left := !f.minus
	w := f.wid
	if w < 0 {
		left = false
		w = -w
	}
	w -= width
	if w > 0 {
		if left && f.zero {
			return padZeroBytes, w, 0
		}
		if left {
			return padSpaceBytes, w, 0
		} else {
			// can't be zero padding on the right
			return padSpaceBytes, 0, w
		}
	}
	return
}

// Generate n bytes of padding.
func (f *fmt) writePadding(n int, padding []byte) {
	for n > 0 {
		m := n
		if m > nByte {
			m = nByte
		}
		f.buf.Write(padding[0:m])
		n -= m
	}
}

// Append b to f.buf, padded on left (w > 0) or right (w < 0 or f.minus)
// clear flags aftewards.
func (f *fmt) pad(b []byte) {
	var padding []byte
	var left, right int
	if f.widPresent && f.wid != 0 {
		padding, left, right = f.computePadding(len(b))
	}
	if left > 0 {
		f.writePadding(left, padding)
	}
	f.buf.Write(b)
	if right > 0 {
		f.writePadding(right, padding)
	}
	f.clearflags()
}

// append s to buf, padded on left (w > 0) or right (w < 0 or f.minus).
// clear flags aftewards.
func (f *fmt) padString(s string) {
	var padding []byte
	var left, right int
	if f.widPresent && f.wid != 0 {
		padding, left, right = f.computePadding(len(s))
	}
	if left > 0 {
		f.writePadding(left, padding)
	}
	f.buf.WriteString(s)
	if right > 0 {
		f.writePadding(right, padding)
	}
	f.clearflags()
}

func putint(buf []byte, base, val uint64, digits string) int {
	i := len(buf) - 1
	for val >= base {
		buf[i] = digits[val%base]
		i--
		val /= base
	}
	buf[i] = digits[val]
	return i - 1
}

// fmt_boolean formats a boolean.
func (f *fmt) fmt_boolean(v bool) {
	if v {
		f.padString("true")
	} else {
		f.padString("false")
	}
}

// integer; interprets prec but not wid.  Once formatted, result is sent to pad()
// and then flags are cleared.
func (f *fmt) integer(a int64, base uint64, signedness bool, digits string) {
	var buf []byte = &f.intbuf
	negative := signedness == signed && a < 0
	if negative {
		a = -a
	}

	// two ways to ask for extra leading zero digits: %.3d or %03d.
	// apparently the first cancels the second.
	prec := 0
	if f.precPresent {
		prec = f.prec
		f.zero = false
	} else if f.zero && f.widPresent && !f.minus && f.wid > 0 {
		prec = f.wid
		if negative || f.plus || f.space {
			prec-- // leave room for sign
		}
	}

	// format a into buf, ending at buf[i].  (printing is easier right-to-left.)
	// a is made into unsigned ua.  we could make things
	// marginally faster by splitting the 32-bit case out into a separate
	// block but it's not worth the duplication, so ua has 64 bits.
	i := len(f.intbuf)
	ua := uint64(a)
	for ua >= base {
		i--
		buf[i] = digits[ua%base]
		ua /= base
	}
	i--
	buf[i] = digits[ua]
	for i > 0 && prec > nByte-i {
		i--
		buf[i] = '0'
	}

	// Various prefixes: 0x, -, etc.
	if f.sharp {
		switch base {
		case 8:
			if buf[i] != '0' {
				i--
				buf[i] = '0'
			}
		case 16:
			i--
			buf[i] = 'x' + digits[10] - 'a'
			i--
			buf[i] = '0'
		}
	}

	if negative {
		i--
		buf[i] = '-'
	} else if f.plus {
		i--
		buf[i] = '+'
	} else if f.space {
		i--
		buf[i] = ' '
	}
	f.pad(buf[i:])
}

// fmt_d64 formats an int64 in decimal.
func (f *fmt) fmt_d64(v int64) { f.integer(v, 10, signed, ldigits) }

// fmt_d32 formats an int32 in decimal.
func (f *fmt) fmt_d32(v int32) { f.integer(int64(v), 10, signed, ldigits) }

// fmt_d formats an int in decimal.
func (f *fmt) fmt_d(v int) { f.integer(int64(v), 10, signed, ldigits) }

// fmt_ud64 formats a uint64 in decimal.
func (f *fmt) fmt_ud64(v uint64) { f.integer(int64(v), 10, unsigned, ldigits) }

// fmt_ud32 formats a uint32 in decimal.
func (f *fmt) fmt_ud32(v uint32) { f.integer(int64(v), 10, unsigned, ldigits) }

// fmt_ud formats a uint in decimal.
func (f *fmt) fmt_ud(v uint) { f.integer(int64(v), 10, unsigned, ldigits) }

// fmt_x64 formats an int64 in hexadecimal.
func (f *fmt) fmt_x64(v int64) { f.integer(v, 16, signed, ldigits) }

// fmt_x32 formats an int32 in hexadecimal.
func (f *fmt) fmt_x32(v int32) { f.integer(int64(v), 16, signed, ldigits) }

// fmt_x formats an int in hexadecimal.
func (f *fmt) fmt_x(v int) { f.integer(int64(v), 16, signed, ldigits) }

// fmt_ux64 formats a uint64 in hexadecimal.
func (f *fmt) fmt_ux64(v uint64) { f.integer(int64(v), 16, unsigned, ldigits) }

// fmt_ux32 formats a uint32 in hexadecimal.
func (f *fmt) fmt_ux32(v uint32) { f.integer(int64(v), 16, unsigned, ldigits) }

// fmt_ux formats a uint in hexadecimal.
func (f *fmt) fmt_ux(v uint) { f.integer(int64(v), 16, unsigned, ldigits) }

// fmt_X64 formats an int64 in upper case hexadecimal.
func (f *fmt) fmt_X64(v int64) { f.integer(v, 16, signed, udigits) }

// fmt_X32 formats an int32 in upper case hexadecimal.
func (f *fmt) fmt_X32(v int32) { f.integer(int64(v), 16, signed, udigits) }

// fmt_X formats an int in upper case hexadecimal.
func (f *fmt) fmt_X(v int) { f.integer(int64(v), 16, signed, udigits) }

// fmt_uX64 formats a uint64 in upper case hexadecimal.
func (f *fmt) fmt_uX64(v uint64) { f.integer(int64(v), 16, unsigned, udigits) }

// fmt_uX32 formats a uint32 in upper case hexadecimal.
func (f *fmt) fmt_uX32(v uint32) { f.integer(int64(v), 16, unsigned, udigits) }

// fmt_uX formats a uint in upper case hexadecimal.
func (f *fmt) fmt_uX(v uint) { f.integer(int64(v), 16, unsigned, udigits) }

// fmt_o64 formats an int64 in octal.
func (f *fmt) fmt_o64(v int64) { f.integer(v, 8, signed, ldigits) }

// fmt_o32 formats an int32 in octal.
func (f *fmt) fmt_o32(v int32) { f.integer(int64(v), 8, signed, ldigits) }

// fmt_o formats an int in octal.
func (f *fmt) fmt_o(v int) { f.integer(int64(v), 8, signed, ldigits) }

// fmt_uo64 formats a uint64 in octal.
func (f *fmt) fmt_uo64(v uint64) { f.integer(int64(v), 8, unsigned, ldigits) }

// fmt_uo32 formats a uint32 in octal.
func (f *fmt) fmt_uo32(v uint32) { f.integer(int64(v), 8, unsigned, ldigits) }

// fmt_uo formats a uint in octal.
func (f *fmt) fmt_uo(v uint) { f.integer(int64(v), 8, unsigned, ldigits) }

// fmt_b64 formats a uint64 in binary.
func (f *fmt) fmt_b64(v uint64) { f.integer(int64(v), 2, unsigned, ldigits) }

// fmt_b32 formats a uint32 in binary.
func (f *fmt) fmt_b32(v uint32) { f.integer(int64(v), 2, unsigned, ldigits) }

// fmt_b formats a uint in binary.
func (f *fmt) fmt_b(v uint) { f.integer(int64(v), 2, unsigned, ldigits) }

// fmt_c formats a Unicode character.
func (f *fmt) fmt_c(v int) { f.padString(string(v)) }

// fmt_s formats a string.
func (f *fmt) fmt_s(s string) {
	if f.precPresent {
		if f.prec < len(s) {
			s = s[0:f.prec]
		}
	}
	f.padString(s)
}

// fmt_sx formats a string as a hexadecimal encoding of its bytes.
func (f *fmt) fmt_sx(s string) {
	t := ""
	for i := 0; i < len(s); i++ {
		if i > 0 && f.space {
			t += " "
		}
		v := s[i]
		t += string(ldigits[v>>4])
		t += string(ldigits[v&0xF])
	}
	f.padString(t)
}

// fmt_sX formats a string as an uppercase hexadecimal encoding of its bytes.
func (f *fmt) fmt_sX(s string) {
	t := ""
	for i := 0; i < len(s); i++ {
		v := s[i]
		t += string(udigits[v>>4])
		t += string(udigits[v&0xF])
	}
	f.padString(t)
}

// fmt_q formats a string as a double-quoted, escaped Go string constant.
func (f *fmt) fmt_q(s string) {
	var quoted string
	if f.sharp && strconv.CanBackquote(s) {
		quoted = "`" + s + "`"
	} else {
		quoted = strconv.Quote(s)
	}
	f.padString(quoted)
}

// floating-point

func doPrec(f *fmt, def int) int {
	if f.precPresent {
		return f.prec
	}
	return def
}

// Add a plus sign or space to the floating-point string representation if missing and required.
func (f *fmt) plusSpace(s string) {
	if s[0] != '-' {
		if f.plus {
			s = "+" + s
		} else if f.space {
			s = " " + s
		}
	}
	f.padString(s)
}

// fmt_e64 formats a float64 in the form -1.23e+12.
func (f *fmt) fmt_e64(v float64) { f.plusSpace(strconv.Ftoa64(v, 'e', doPrec(f, 6))) }

// fmt_E64 formats a float64 in the form -1.23E+12.
func (f *fmt) fmt_E64(v float64) { f.plusSpace(strconv.Ftoa64(v, 'E', doPrec(f, 6))) }

// fmt_f64 formats a float64 in the form -1.23.
func (f *fmt) fmt_f64(v float64) { f.plusSpace(strconv.Ftoa64(v, 'f', doPrec(f, 6))) }

// fmt_g64 formats a float64 in the 'f' or 'e' form according to size.
func (f *fmt) fmt_g64(v float64) { f.plusSpace(strconv.Ftoa64(v, 'g', doPrec(f, -1))) }

// fmt_g64 formats a float64 in the 'f' or 'E' form according to size.
func (f *fmt) fmt_G64(v float64) { f.plusSpace(strconv.Ftoa64(v, 'G', doPrec(f, -1))) }

// fmt_fb64 formats a float64 in the form -123p3 (exponent is power of 2).
func (f *fmt) fmt_fb64(v float64) { f.plusSpace(strconv.Ftoa64(v, 'b', 0)) }

// float32
// cannot defer to float64 versions
// because it will get rounding wrong in corner cases.

// fmt_e32 formats a float32 in the form -1.23e+12.
func (f *fmt) fmt_e32(v float32) { f.plusSpace(strconv.Ftoa32(v, 'e', doPrec(f, 6))) }

// fmt_E32 formats a float32 in the form -1.23E+12.
func (f *fmt) fmt_E32(v float32) { f.plusSpace(strconv.Ftoa32(v, 'E', doPrec(f, 6))) }

// fmt_f32 formats a float32 in the form -1.23.
func (f *fmt) fmt_f32(v float32) { f.plusSpace(strconv.Ftoa32(v, 'f', doPrec(f, 6))) }

// fmt_g32 formats a float32 in the 'f' or 'e' form according to size.
func (f *fmt) fmt_g32(v float32) { f.plusSpace(strconv.Ftoa32(v, 'g', doPrec(f, -1))) }

// fmt_G32 formats a float32 in the 'f' or 'E' form according to size.
func (f *fmt) fmt_G32(v float32) { f.plusSpace(strconv.Ftoa32(v, 'G', doPrec(f, -1))) }

// fmt_fb32 formats a float32 in the form -123p3 (exponent is power of 2).
func (f *fmt) fmt_fb32(v float32) { f.padString(strconv.Ftoa32(v, 'b', 0)) }

// float
func (x *fmt) f(a float) {
	if strconv.FloatSize == 32 {
		x.fmt_f32(float32(a))
	} else {
		x.fmt_f64(float64(a))
	}
}

func (x *fmt) e(a float) {
	if strconv.FloatSize == 32 {
		x.fmt_e32(float32(a))
	} else {
		x.fmt_e64(float64(a))
	}
}

func (x *fmt) g(a float) {
	if strconv.FloatSize == 32 {
		x.fmt_g32(float32(a))
	} else {
		x.fmt_g64(float64(a))
	}
}

func (x *fmt) fb(a float) {
	if strconv.FloatSize == 32 {
		x.fmt_fb32(float32(a))
	} else {
		x.fmt_fb64(float64(a))
	}
}