net: fix inconsistent error values on Lookup

This change fixes inconsistent error values on
Lookup{Addr,CNAME,Host,IP.MX,NS,Port,SRV,TXT}.

Updates #4856.

Change-Id: I059bc8ffb96ee74dff8a8c4e8e6ae3e4a462a7ef
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/9108
Reviewed-by: Ian Lance Taylor <iant@golang.org>
diff --git a/src/net/cgo_unix.go b/src/net/cgo_unix.go
index 38c3d70..7f7b600 100644
--- a/src/net/cgo_unix.go
+++ b/src/net/cgo_unix.go
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
 		hints.ai_socktype = C.SOCK_DGRAM
 		hints.ai_protocol = C.IPPROTO_UDP
 	default:
-		return 0, UnknownNetworkError(network), true
+		return 0, &DNSError{Err: "unknown network", Name: network + "/" + service}, true
 	}
 	if len(network) >= 4 {
 		switch network[3] {
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@
 		default:
 			err = addrinfoErrno(gerrno)
 		}
-		return 0, err, true
+		return 0, &DNSError{Err: err.Error(), Name: network + "/" + service}, true
 	}
 	defer C.freeaddrinfo(res)
 
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@
 			return int(p[0])<<8 | int(p[1]), nil, true
 		}
 	}
-	return 0, &AddrError{"unknown port", network + "/" + service}, true
+	return 0, &DNSError{Err: "unknown port", Name: network + "/" + service}, true
 }
 
 func cgoLookupIPCNAME(name string) (addrs []IPAddr, cname string, err error, completed bool) {
@@ -110,7 +110,6 @@
 	var res *C.struct_addrinfo
 	gerrno, err := C.getaddrinfo(h, nil, &hints, &res)
 	if gerrno != 0 {
-		var str string
 		switch gerrno {
 		case C.EAI_SYSTEM:
 			if err == nil {
@@ -123,13 +122,12 @@
 				// comes up again. golang.org/issue/6232.
 				err = syscall.EMFILE
 			}
-			str = err.Error()
 		case C.EAI_NONAME:
-			str = noSuchHost
+			err = errNoSuchHost
 		default:
-			str = addrinfoErrno(gerrno).Error()
+			err = addrinfoErrno(gerrno)
 		}
-		return nil, "", &DNSError{Err: str, Name: name}, true
+		return nil, "", &DNSError{Err: err.Error(), Name: name}, true
 	}
 	defer C.freeaddrinfo(res)
 
diff --git a/src/net/dnsclient.go b/src/net/dnsclient.go
index 121cd9d..e5d0ae0 100644
--- a/src/net/dnsclient.go
+++ b/src/net/dnsclient.go
@@ -9,38 +9,6 @@
 	"sort"
 )
 
-// DNSError represents a DNS lookup error.
-type DNSError struct {
-	Err       string // description of the error
-	Name      string // name looked for
-	Server    string // server used
-	IsTimeout bool   // if true, timed out; not all timeouts set this
-}
-
-func (e *DNSError) Error() string {
-	if e == nil {
-		return "<nil>"
-	}
-	s := "lookup " + e.Name
-	if e.Server != "" {
-		s += " on " + e.Server
-	}
-	s += ": " + e.Err
-	return s
-}
-
-// Timeout reports whether the DNS lookup is known to have timed out.
-// This is not always known; a DNS lookup may fail due to a timeout
-// and return a DNSError for which Timeout returns false.
-func (e *DNSError) Timeout() bool { return e.IsTimeout }
-
-// Temporary reports whether the DNS error is known to be temporary.
-// This is not always known; a DNS lookup may fail due to a temporary
-// error and return a DNSError for which Temporary returns false.
-func (e *DNSError) Temporary() bool { return e.IsTimeout }
-
-const noSuchHost = "no such host"
-
 // reverseaddr returns the in-addr.arpa. or ip6.arpa. hostname of the IP
 // address addr suitable for rDNS (PTR) record lookup or an error if it fails
 // to parse the IP address.
@@ -50,8 +18,7 @@
 		return "", &DNSError{Err: "unrecognized address", Name: addr}
 	}
 	if ip.To4() != nil {
-		return uitoa(uint(ip[15])) + "." + uitoa(uint(ip[14])) + "." + uitoa(uint(ip[13])) + "." +
-			uitoa(uint(ip[12])) + ".in-addr.arpa.", nil
+		return uitoa(uint(ip[15])) + "." + uitoa(uint(ip[14])) + "." + uitoa(uint(ip[13])) + "." + uitoa(uint(ip[12])) + ".in-addr.arpa.", nil
 	}
 	// Must be IPv6
 	buf := make([]byte, 0, len(ip)*4+len("ip6.arpa."))
@@ -74,7 +41,7 @@
 	addrs = make([]dnsRR, 0, len(dns.answer))
 
 	if dns.rcode == dnsRcodeNameError && dns.recursion_available {
-		return "", nil, &DNSError{Err: noSuchHost, Name: name}
+		return "", nil, &DNSError{Err: errNoSuchHost.Error(), Name: name}
 	}
 	if dns.rcode != dnsRcodeSuccess {
 		// None of the error codes make sense
@@ -113,7 +80,7 @@
 			}
 		}
 		if len(addrs) == 0 {
-			return "", nil, &DNSError{Err: noSuchHost, Name: name, Server: server}
+			return "", nil, &DNSError{Err: errNoSuchHost.Error(), Name: name, Server: server}
 		}
 		return name, addrs, nil
 	}
@@ -201,13 +168,10 @@
 type byPriorityWeight []*SRV
 
 func (s byPriorityWeight) Len() int { return len(s) }
-
-func (s byPriorityWeight) Swap(i, j int) { s[i], s[j] = s[j], s[i] }
-
 func (s byPriorityWeight) Less(i, j int) bool {
-	return s[i].Priority < s[j].Priority ||
-		(s[i].Priority == s[j].Priority && s[i].Weight < s[j].Weight)
+	return s[i].Priority < s[j].Priority || (s[i].Priority == s[j].Priority && s[i].Weight < s[j].Weight)
 }
+func (s byPriorityWeight) Swap(i, j int) { s[i], s[j] = s[j], s[i] }
 
 // shuffleByWeight shuffles SRV records by weight using the algorithm
 // described in RFC 2782.
@@ -255,11 +219,9 @@
 // byPref implements sort.Interface to sort MX records by preference
 type byPref []*MX
 
-func (s byPref) Len() int { return len(s) }
-
+func (s byPref) Len() int           { return len(s) }
 func (s byPref) Less(i, j int) bool { return s[i].Pref < s[j].Pref }
-
-func (s byPref) Swap(i, j int) { s[i], s[j] = s[j], s[i] }
+func (s byPref) Swap(i, j int)      { s[i], s[j] = s[j], s[i] }
 
 // sort reorders MX records as specified in RFC 5321.
 func (s byPref) sort() {
diff --git a/src/net/dnsclient_unix.go b/src/net/dnsclient_unix.go
index 30c7ada..3dd22f2 100644
--- a/src/net/dnsclient_unix.go
+++ b/src/net/dnsclient_unix.go
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@
 				continue
 			}
 			cname, addrs, err := answer(name, server, msg, qtype)
-			if err == nil || err.(*DNSError).Err == noSuchHost {
+			if err == nil || err.(*DNSError).Err == errNoSuchHost.Error() {
 				return cname, addrs, err
 			}
 			lastErr = err
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@
 	}()
 }
 
-func lookup(name string, qtype uint16) (cname string, addrs []dnsRR, err error) {
+func lookup(name string, qtype uint16) (cname string, rrs []dnsRR, err error) {
 	if !isDomainName(name) {
 		return name, nil, &DNSError{Err: "invalid domain name", Name: name}
 	}
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@
 			rname += "."
 		}
 		// Can try as ordinary name.
-		cname, addrs, err = tryOneName(cfg.dnsConfig, rname, qtype)
+		cname, rrs, err = tryOneName(cfg.dnsConfig, rname, qtype)
 		if rooted || err == nil {
 			return
 		}
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@
 		if rname[len(rname)-1] != '.' {
 			rname += "."
 		}
-		cname, addrs, err = tryOneName(cfg.dnsConfig, rname, qtype)
+		cname, rrs, err = tryOneName(cfg.dnsConfig, rname, qtype)
 		if err == nil {
 			return
 		}
@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@
 	// Last ditch effort: try unsuffixed only if we haven't already,
 	// that is, name is not rooted and has less than ndots dots.
 	if count(name, '.') < cfg.dnsConfig.ndots {
-		cname, addrs, err = tryOneName(cfg.dnsConfig, name+".", qtype)
+		cname, rrs, err = tryOneName(cfg.dnsConfig, name+".", qtype)
 		if err == nil {
 			return
 		}
diff --git a/src/net/lookup.go b/src/net/lookup.go
index 5adcd8b..e2becc5 100644
--- a/src/net/lookup.go
+++ b/src/net/lookup.go
@@ -132,22 +132,22 @@
 }
 
 // LookupMX returns the DNS MX records for the given domain name sorted by preference.
-func LookupMX(name string) (mx []*MX, err error) {
+func LookupMX(name string) (mxs []*MX, err error) {
 	return lookupMX(name)
 }
 
 // LookupNS returns the DNS NS records for the given domain name.
-func LookupNS(name string) (ns []*NS, err error) {
+func LookupNS(name string) (nss []*NS, err error) {
 	return lookupNS(name)
 }
 
 // LookupTXT returns the DNS TXT records for the given domain name.
-func LookupTXT(name string) (txt []string, err error) {
+func LookupTXT(name string) (txts []string, err error) {
 	return lookupTXT(name)
 }
 
 // LookupAddr performs a reverse lookup for the given address, returning a list
 // of names mapping to that address.
-func LookupAddr(addr string) (name []string, err error) {
+func LookupAddr(addr string) (names []string, err error) {
 	return lookupAddr(addr)
 }
diff --git a/src/net/lookup_unix.go b/src/net/lookup_unix.go
index 473adf8..f9c2393 100644
--- a/src/net/lookup_unix.go
+++ b/src/net/lookup_unix.go
@@ -6,10 +6,7 @@
 
 package net
 
-import (
-	"errors"
-	"sync"
-)
+import "sync"
 
 var onceReadProtocols sync.Once
 
@@ -43,126 +40,121 @@
 
 // lookupProtocol looks up IP protocol name in /etc/protocols and
 // returns correspondent protocol number.
-func lookupProtocol(name string) (proto int, err error) {
+func lookupProtocol(name string) (int, error) {
 	onceReadProtocols.Do(readProtocols)
 	proto, found := protocols[name]
 	if !found {
-		return 0, errors.New("unknown IP protocol specified: " + name)
+		return 0, &AddrError{Err: "unknown IP protocol specified", Addr: name}
 	}
-	return
+	return proto, nil
 }
 
-func lookupHost(host string) (addrs []string, err error) {
+func lookupHost(host string) ([]string, error) {
 	addrs, err, ok := cgoLookupHost(host)
 	if !ok {
 		addrs, err = goLookupHost(host)
 	}
-	return
+	return addrs, err
 }
 
-func lookupIP(host string) (addrs []IPAddr, err error) {
+func lookupIP(host string) ([]IPAddr, error) {
 	addrs, err, ok := cgoLookupIP(host)
 	if !ok {
 		addrs, err = goLookupIP(host)
 	}
-	return
+	return addrs, err
 }
 
-func lookupPort(network, service string) (port int, err error) {
+func lookupPort(network, service string) (int, error) {
 	port, err, ok := cgoLookupPort(network, service)
 	if !ok {
 		port, err = goLookupPort(network, service)
 	}
-	return
+	return port, err
 }
 
-func lookupCNAME(name string) (cname string, err error) {
+func lookupCNAME(name string) (string, error) {
 	cname, err, ok := cgoLookupCNAME(name)
 	if !ok {
 		cname, err = goLookupCNAME(name)
 	}
-	return
+	return cname, err
 }
 
-func lookupSRV(service, proto, name string) (cname string, addrs []*SRV, err error) {
+func lookupSRV(service, proto, name string) (string, []*SRV, error) {
 	var target string
 	if service == "" && proto == "" {
 		target = name
 	} else {
 		target = "_" + service + "._" + proto + "." + name
 	}
-	var records []dnsRR
-	cname, records, err = lookup(target, dnsTypeSRV)
+	cname, rrs, err := lookup(target, dnsTypeSRV)
 	if err != nil {
-		return
+		return "", nil, err
 	}
-	addrs = make([]*SRV, len(records))
-	for i, rr := range records {
-		r := rr.(*dnsRR_SRV)
-		addrs[i] = &SRV{r.Target, r.Port, r.Priority, r.Weight}
+	srvs := make([]*SRV, len(rrs))
+	for i, rr := range rrs {
+		rr := rr.(*dnsRR_SRV)
+		srvs[i] = &SRV{Target: rr.Target, Port: rr.Port, Priority: rr.Priority, Weight: rr.Weight}
 	}
-	byPriorityWeight(addrs).sort()
-	return
+	byPriorityWeight(srvs).sort()
+	return cname, srvs, nil
 }
 
-func lookupMX(name string) (mx []*MX, err error) {
-	_, records, err := lookup(name, dnsTypeMX)
+func lookupMX(name string) ([]*MX, error) {
+	_, rrs, err := lookup(name, dnsTypeMX)
 	if err != nil {
-		return
+		return nil, err
 	}
-	mx = make([]*MX, len(records))
-	for i, rr := range records {
-		r := rr.(*dnsRR_MX)
-		mx[i] = &MX{r.Mx, r.Pref}
+	mxs := make([]*MX, len(rrs))
+	for i, rr := range rrs {
+		rr := rr.(*dnsRR_MX)
+		mxs[i] = &MX{Host: rr.Mx, Pref: rr.Pref}
 	}
-	byPref(mx).sort()
-	return
+	byPref(mxs).sort()
+	return mxs, nil
 }
 
-func lookupNS(name string) (ns []*NS, err error) {
-	_, records, err := lookup(name, dnsTypeNS)
+func lookupNS(name string) ([]*NS, error) {
+	_, rrs, err := lookup(name, dnsTypeNS)
 	if err != nil {
-		return
+		return nil, err
 	}
-	ns = make([]*NS, len(records))
-	for i, r := range records {
-		r := r.(*dnsRR_NS)
-		ns[i] = &NS{r.Ns}
+	nss := make([]*NS, len(rrs))
+	for i, rr := range rrs {
+		nss[i] = &NS{Host: rr.(*dnsRR_NS).Ns}
 	}
-	return
+	return nss, nil
 }
 
-func lookupTXT(name string) (txt []string, err error) {
-	_, records, err := lookup(name, dnsTypeTXT)
+func lookupTXT(name string) ([]string, error) {
+	_, rrs, err := lookup(name, dnsTypeTXT)
 	if err != nil {
-		return
+		return nil, err
 	}
-	txt = make([]string, len(records))
-	for i, r := range records {
-		txt[i] = r.(*dnsRR_TXT).Txt
+	txts := make([]string, len(rrs))
+	for i, rr := range rrs {
+		txts[i] = rr.(*dnsRR_TXT).Txt
 	}
-	return
+	return txts, nil
 }
 
-func lookupAddr(addr string) (name []string, err error) {
-	name = lookupStaticAddr(addr)
-	if len(name) > 0 {
-		return
+func lookupAddr(addr string) ([]string, error) {
+	names := lookupStaticAddr(addr)
+	if len(names) > 0 {
+		return names, nil
 	}
-	var arpa string
-	arpa, err = reverseaddr(addr)
+	arpa, err := reverseaddr(addr)
 	if err != nil {
-		return
+		return nil, err
 	}
-	var records []dnsRR
-	_, records, err = lookup(arpa, dnsTypePTR)
+	_, rrs, err := lookup(arpa, dnsTypePTR)
 	if err != nil {
-		return
+		return nil, err
 	}
-	name = make([]string, len(records))
-	for i := range records {
-		r := records[i].(*dnsRR_PTR)
-		name[i] = r.Ptr
+	ptrs := make([]string, len(rrs))
+	for i, rr := range rrs {
+		ptrs[i] = rr.(*dnsRR_PTR).Ptr
 	}
-	return
+	return ptrs, nil
 }
diff --git a/src/net/lookup_windows.go b/src/net/lookup_windows.go
index 6a8d918..7ad393a 100644
--- a/src/net/lookup_windows.go
+++ b/src/net/lookup_windows.go
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@
 package net
 
 import (
-	"os"
 	"runtime"
 	"syscall"
 	"unsafe"
@@ -19,13 +18,13 @@
 func getprotobyname(name string) (proto int, err error) {
 	p, err := syscall.GetProtoByName(name)
 	if err != nil {
-		return 0, os.NewSyscallError("GetProtoByName", err)
+		return 0, err
 	}
 	return int(p.Proto), nil
 }
 
 // lookupProtocol looks up IP protocol name and returns correspondent protocol number.
-func lookupProtocol(name string) (proto int, err error) {
+func lookupProtocol(name string) (int, error) {
 	// GetProtoByName return value is stored in thread local storage.
 	// Start new os thread before the call to prevent races.
 	type result struct {
@@ -46,27 +45,28 @@
 		if proto, ok := protocols[name]; ok {
 			return proto, nil
 		}
+		r.err = &DNSError{Err: r.err.Error(), Name: name}
 	}
 	return r.proto, r.err
 }
 
-func lookupHost(name string) (addrs []string, err error) {
+func lookupHost(name string) ([]string, error) {
 	ips, err := LookupIP(name)
 	if err != nil {
-		return
+		return nil, err
 	}
-	addrs = make([]string, 0, len(ips))
+	addrs := make([]string, 0, len(ips))
 	for _, ip := range ips {
 		addrs = append(addrs, ip.String())
 	}
-	return
+	return addrs, nil
 }
 
 func gethostbyname(name string) (addrs []IPAddr, err error) {
 	// caller already acquired thread
 	h, err := syscall.GetHostByName(name)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, os.NewSyscallError("GetHostByName", err)
+		return nil, err
 	}
 	switch h.AddrType {
 	case syscall.AF_INET:
@@ -77,12 +77,12 @@
 		}
 		addrs = addrs[0:i]
 	default: // TODO(vcc): Implement non IPv4 address lookups.
-		return nil, os.NewSyscallError("LookupIP", syscall.EWINDOWS)
+		return nil, syscall.EWINDOWS
 	}
 	return addrs, nil
 }
 
-func oldLookupIP(name string) (addrs []IPAddr, err error) {
+func oldLookupIP(name string) ([]IPAddr, error) {
 	// GetHostByName return value is stored in thread local storage.
 	// Start new os thread before the call to prevent races.
 	type result struct {
@@ -99,10 +99,13 @@
 		ch <- result{addrs: addrs, err: err}
 	}()
 	r := <-ch
-	return addrs, r.err
+	if r.err != nil {
+		r.err = &DNSError{Err: r.err.Error(), Name: name}
+	}
+	return r.addrs, r.err
 }
 
-func newLookupIP(name string) (addrs []IPAddr, err error) {
+func newLookupIP(name string) ([]IPAddr, error) {
 	acquireThread()
 	defer releaseThread()
 	hints := syscall.AddrinfoW{
@@ -113,10 +116,10 @@
 	var result *syscall.AddrinfoW
 	e := syscall.GetAddrInfoW(syscall.StringToUTF16Ptr(name), nil, &hints, &result)
 	if e != nil {
-		return nil, os.NewSyscallError("GetAddrInfoW", e)
+		return nil, &DNSError{Err: e.Error(), Name: name}
 	}
 	defer syscall.FreeAddrInfoW(result)
-	addrs = make([]IPAddr, 0, 5)
+	addrs := make([]IPAddr, 0, 5)
 	for ; result != nil; result = result.Next {
 		addr := unsafe.Pointer(result.Addr)
 		switch result.Family {
@@ -128,13 +131,13 @@
 			zone := zoneToString(int((*syscall.RawSockaddrInet6)(addr).Scope_id))
 			addrs = append(addrs, IPAddr{IP: IP{a[0], a[1], a[2], a[3], a[4], a[5], a[6], a[7], a[8], a[9], a[10], a[11], a[12], a[13], a[14], a[15]}, Zone: zone})
 		default:
-			return nil, os.NewSyscallError("LookupIP", syscall.EWINDOWS)
+			return nil, &DNSError{Err: syscall.EWINDOWS.Error(), Name: name}
 		}
 	}
 	return addrs, nil
 }
 
-func getservbyname(network, service string) (port int, err error) {
+func getservbyname(network, service string) (int, error) {
 	acquireThread()
 	defer releaseThread()
 	switch network {
@@ -145,12 +148,12 @@
 	}
 	s, err := syscall.GetServByName(service, network)
 	if err != nil {
-		return 0, os.NewSyscallError("GetServByName", err)
+		return 0, err
 	}
 	return int(syscall.Ntohs(s.Port)), nil
 }
 
-func oldLookupPort(network, service string) (port int, err error) {
+func oldLookupPort(network, service string) (int, error) {
 	// GetServByName return value is stored in thread local storage.
 	// Start new os thread before the call to prevent races.
 	type result struct {
@@ -167,10 +170,13 @@
 		ch <- result{port: port, err: err}
 	}()
 	r := <-ch
+	if r.err != nil {
+		r.err = &DNSError{Err: r.err.Error(), Name: network + "/" + service}
+	}
 	return r.port, r.err
 }
 
-func newLookupPort(network, service string) (port int, err error) {
+func newLookupPort(network, service string) (int, error) {
 	acquireThread()
 	defer releaseThread()
 	var stype int32
@@ -188,11 +194,11 @@
 	var result *syscall.AddrinfoW
 	e := syscall.GetAddrInfoW(nil, syscall.StringToUTF16Ptr(service), &hints, &result)
 	if e != nil {
-		return 0, os.NewSyscallError("GetAddrInfoW", e)
+		return 0, &DNSError{Err: e.Error(), Name: network + "/" + service}
 	}
 	defer syscall.FreeAddrInfoW(result)
 	if result == nil {
-		return 0, os.NewSyscallError("LookupPort", syscall.EINVAL)
+		return 0, &DNSError{Err: syscall.EINVAL.Error(), Name: network + "/" + service}
 	}
 	addr := unsafe.Pointer(result.Addr)
 	switch result.Family {
@@ -203,10 +209,10 @@
 		a := (*syscall.RawSockaddrInet6)(addr)
 		return int(syscall.Ntohs(a.Port)), nil
 	}
-	return 0, os.NewSyscallError("LookupPort", syscall.EINVAL)
+	return 0, &DNSError{Err: syscall.EINVAL.Error(), Name: network + "/" + service}
 }
 
-func lookupCNAME(name string) (cname string, err error) {
+func lookupCNAME(name string) (string, error) {
 	acquireThread()
 	defer releaseThread()
 	var r *syscall.DNSRecord
@@ -220,16 +226,16 @@
 		return name, nil
 	}
 	if e != nil {
-		return "", os.NewSyscallError("LookupCNAME", e)
+		return "", &DNSError{Err: e.Error(), Name: name}
 	}
 	defer syscall.DnsRecordListFree(r, 1)
 
 	resolved := resolveCNAME(syscall.StringToUTF16Ptr(name), r)
-	cname = syscall.UTF16ToString((*[256]uint16)(unsafe.Pointer(resolved))[:]) + "."
-	return
+	cname := syscall.UTF16ToString((*[256]uint16)(unsafe.Pointer(resolved))[:]) + "."
+	return cname, nil
 }
 
-func lookupSRV(service, proto, name string) (cname string, addrs []*SRV, err error) {
+func lookupSRV(service, proto, name string) (string, []*SRV, error) {
 	acquireThread()
 	defer releaseThread()
 	var target string
@@ -241,78 +247,78 @@
 	var r *syscall.DNSRecord
 	e := syscall.DnsQuery(target, syscall.DNS_TYPE_SRV, 0, nil, &r, nil)
 	if e != nil {
-		return "", nil, os.NewSyscallError("LookupSRV", e)
+		return "", nil, &DNSError{Err: e.Error(), Name: target}
 	}
 	defer syscall.DnsRecordListFree(r, 1)
 
-	addrs = make([]*SRV, 0, 10)
+	srvs := make([]*SRV, 0, 10)
 	for _, p := range validRecs(r, syscall.DNS_TYPE_SRV, target) {
 		v := (*syscall.DNSSRVData)(unsafe.Pointer(&p.Data[0]))
-		addrs = append(addrs, &SRV{syscall.UTF16ToString((*[256]uint16)(unsafe.Pointer(v.Target))[:]), v.Port, v.Priority, v.Weight})
+		srvs = append(srvs, &SRV{syscall.UTF16ToString((*[256]uint16)(unsafe.Pointer(v.Target))[:]), v.Port, v.Priority, v.Weight})
 	}
-	byPriorityWeight(addrs).sort()
-	return name, addrs, nil
+	byPriorityWeight(srvs).sort()
+	return name, srvs, nil
 }
 
-func lookupMX(name string) (mx []*MX, err error) {
+func lookupMX(name string) ([]*MX, error) {
 	acquireThread()
 	defer releaseThread()
 	var r *syscall.DNSRecord
 	e := syscall.DnsQuery(name, syscall.DNS_TYPE_MX, 0, nil, &r, nil)
 	if e != nil {
-		return nil, os.NewSyscallError("LookupMX", e)
+		return nil, &DNSError{Err: e.Error(), Name: name}
 	}
 	defer syscall.DnsRecordListFree(r, 1)
 
-	mx = make([]*MX, 0, 10)
+	mxs := make([]*MX, 0, 10)
 	for _, p := range validRecs(r, syscall.DNS_TYPE_MX, name) {
 		v := (*syscall.DNSMXData)(unsafe.Pointer(&p.Data[0]))
-		mx = append(mx, &MX{syscall.UTF16ToString((*[256]uint16)(unsafe.Pointer(v.NameExchange))[:]) + ".", v.Preference})
+		mxs = append(mxs, &MX{syscall.UTF16ToString((*[256]uint16)(unsafe.Pointer(v.NameExchange))[:]) + ".", v.Preference})
 	}
-	byPref(mx).sort()
-	return mx, nil
+	byPref(mxs).sort()
+	return mxs, nil
 }
 
-func lookupNS(name string) (ns []*NS, err error) {
+func lookupNS(name string) ([]*NS, error) {
 	acquireThread()
 	defer releaseThread()
 	var r *syscall.DNSRecord
 	e := syscall.DnsQuery(name, syscall.DNS_TYPE_NS, 0, nil, &r, nil)
 	if e != nil {
-		return nil, os.NewSyscallError("LookupNS", e)
+		return nil, &DNSError{Err: e.Error(), Name: name}
 	}
 	defer syscall.DnsRecordListFree(r, 1)
 
-	ns = make([]*NS, 0, 10)
+	nss := make([]*NS, 0, 10)
 	for _, p := range validRecs(r, syscall.DNS_TYPE_NS, name) {
 		v := (*syscall.DNSPTRData)(unsafe.Pointer(&p.Data[0]))
-		ns = append(ns, &NS{syscall.UTF16ToString((*[256]uint16)(unsafe.Pointer(v.Host))[:]) + "."})
+		nss = append(nss, &NS{syscall.UTF16ToString((*[256]uint16)(unsafe.Pointer(v.Host))[:]) + "."})
 	}
-	return ns, nil
+	return nss, nil
 }
 
-func lookupTXT(name string) (txt []string, err error) {
+func lookupTXT(name string) ([]string, error) {
 	acquireThread()
 	defer releaseThread()
 	var r *syscall.DNSRecord
 	e := syscall.DnsQuery(name, syscall.DNS_TYPE_TEXT, 0, nil, &r, nil)
 	if e != nil {
-		return nil, os.NewSyscallError("LookupTXT", e)
+		return nil, &DNSError{Err: e.Error(), Name: name}
 	}
 	defer syscall.DnsRecordListFree(r, 1)
 
-	txt = make([]string, 0, 10)
+	txts := make([]string, 0, 10)
 	for _, p := range validRecs(r, syscall.DNS_TYPE_TEXT, name) {
 		d := (*syscall.DNSTXTData)(unsafe.Pointer(&p.Data[0]))
 		for _, v := range (*[1 << 10]*uint16)(unsafe.Pointer(&(d.StringArray[0])))[:d.StringCount] {
 			s := syscall.UTF16ToString((*[1 << 20]uint16)(unsafe.Pointer(v))[:])
-			txt = append(txt, s)
+			txts = append(txts, s)
 		}
 	}
-	return
+	return txts, nil
 }
 
-func lookupAddr(addr string) (name []string, err error) {
+func lookupAddr(addr string) ([]string, error) {
 	acquireThread()
 	defer releaseThread()
 	arpa, err := reverseaddr(addr)
@@ -322,16 +328,16 @@
 	var r *syscall.DNSRecord
 	e := syscall.DnsQuery(arpa, syscall.DNS_TYPE_PTR, 0, nil, &r, nil)
 	if e != nil {
-		return nil, os.NewSyscallError("LookupAddr", e)
+		return nil, &DNSError{Err: e.Error(), Name: addr}
 	}
 	defer syscall.DnsRecordListFree(r, 1)
 
-	name = make([]string, 0, 10)
+	ptrs := make([]string, 0, 10)
 	for _, p := range validRecs(r, syscall.DNS_TYPE_PTR, arpa) {
 		v := (*syscall.DNSPTRData)(unsafe.Pointer(&p.Data[0]))
-		name = append(name, syscall.UTF16ToString((*[256]uint16)(unsafe.Pointer(v.Host))[:]))
+		ptrs = append(ptrs, syscall.UTF16ToString((*[256]uint16)(unsafe.Pointer(v.Host))[:]))
 	}
-	return name, nil
+	return ptrs, nil
 }
 
 const dnsSectionMask = 0x0003
diff --git a/src/net/net.go b/src/net/net.go
index f38aed6..41fc081 100644
--- a/src/net/net.go
+++ b/src/net/net.go
@@ -416,13 +416,8 @@
 	return s
 }
 
-func (e *AddrError) Temporary() bool {
-	return false
-}
-
-func (e *AddrError) Timeout() bool {
-	return false
-}
+func (e *AddrError) Temporary() bool { return false }
+func (e *AddrError) Timeout() bool   { return false }
 
 type UnknownNetworkError string
 
@@ -441,13 +436,45 @@
 	Err error
 }
 
-func (e *DNSConfigError) Error() string {
-	return "error reading DNS config: " + e.Err.Error()
-}
-
+func (e *DNSConfigError) Error() string   { return "error reading DNS config: " + e.Err.Error() }
 func (e *DNSConfigError) Timeout() bool   { return false }
 func (e *DNSConfigError) Temporary() bool { return false }
 
+// Various errors contained in DNSError.
+var (
+	errNoSuchHost = errors.New("no such host")
+)
+
+// DNSError represents a DNS lookup error.
+type DNSError struct {
+	Err       string // description of the error
+	Name      string // name looked for
+	Server    string // server used
+	IsTimeout bool   // if true, timed out; not all timeouts set this
+}
+
+func (e *DNSError) Error() string {
+	if e == nil {
+		return "<nil>"
+	}
+	s := "lookup " + e.Name
+	if e.Server != "" {
+		s += " on " + e.Server
+	}
+	s += ": " + e.Err
+	return s
+}
+
+// Timeout reports whether the DNS lookup is known to have timed out.
+// This is not always known; a DNS lookup may fail due to a timeout
+// and return a DNSError for which Timeout returns false.
+func (e *DNSError) Timeout() bool { return e.IsTimeout }
+
+// Temporary reports whether the DNS error is known to be temporary.
+// This is not always known; a DNS lookup may fail due to a temporary
+// error and return a DNSError for which Temporary returns false.
+func (e *DNSError) Temporary() bool { return e.IsTimeout }
+
 type writerOnly struct {
 	io.Writer
 }
diff --git a/src/net/port.go b/src/net/port.go
index c24f4ed..a2a5387 100644
--- a/src/net/port.go
+++ b/src/net/port.go
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 		}
 	}
 	if p < 0 || p > 0xFFFF {
-		return 0, &AddrError{"invalid port", port}
+		return 0, &AddrError{Err: "invalid port", Addr: port}
 	}
 	return p, nil
 }
diff --git a/src/net/port_unix.go b/src/net/port_unix.go
index 348c771..badf8ab 100644
--- a/src/net/port_unix.go
+++ b/src/net/port_unix.go
@@ -69,5 +69,5 @@
 			return
 		}
 	}
-	return 0, &AddrError{"unknown port", network + "/" + service}
+	return 0, &AddrError{Err: "unknown port", Addr: network + "/" + service}
 }