// Copyright 2010 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

package net

import (
	"context"
	"net/netip"
	"syscall"
)

// BUG(mikio): On every POSIX platform, reads from the "ip4" network
// using the ReadFrom or ReadFromIP method might not return a complete
// IPv4 packet, including its header, even if there is space
// available. This can occur even in cases where Read or ReadMsgIP
// could return a complete packet. For this reason, it is recommended
// that you do not use these methods if it is important to receive a
// full packet.
//
// The Go 1 compatibility guidelines make it impossible for us to
// change the behavior of these methods; use Read or ReadMsgIP
// instead.

// BUG(mikio): On JS and Plan 9, methods and functions related
// to IPConn are not implemented.

// BUG: On Windows, raw IP sockets are restricted by the operating system.
// Sending TCP data, sending UDP data with invalid source addresses,
// and calling bind with TCP protocol don't work.
//
// See Winsock reference for details.

func ipAddrFromAddr(addr netip.Addr) *IPAddr {
	return &IPAddr{
		IP:   addr.AsSlice(),
		Zone: addr.Zone(),
	}
}

// IPAddr represents the address of an IP end point.
type IPAddr struct {
	IP   IP
	Zone string // IPv6 scoped addressing zone
}

// Network returns the address's network name, "ip".
func (a *IPAddr) Network() string { return "ip" }

func (a *IPAddr) String() string {
	if a == nil {
		return "<nil>"
	}
	ip := ipEmptyString(a.IP)
	if a.Zone != "" {
		return ip + "%" + a.Zone
	}
	return ip
}

func (a *IPAddr) isWildcard() bool {
	if a == nil || a.IP == nil {
		return true
	}
	return a.IP.IsUnspecified()
}

func (a *IPAddr) opAddr() Addr {
	if a == nil {
		return nil
	}
	return a
}

// ResolveIPAddr returns an address of IP end point.
//
// The network must be an IP network name.
//
// If the host in the address parameter is not a literal IP address,
// ResolveIPAddr resolves the address to an address of IP end point.
// Otherwise, it parses the address as a literal IP address.
// The address parameter can use a host name, but this is not
// recommended, because it will return at most one of the host name's
// IP addresses.
//
// See func [Dial] for a description of the network and address
// parameters.
func ResolveIPAddr(network, address string) (*IPAddr, error) {
	if network == "" { // a hint wildcard for Go 1.0 undocumented behavior
		network = "ip"
	}
	afnet, _, err := parseNetwork(context.Background(), network, false)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	switch afnet {
	case "ip", "ip4", "ip6":
	default:
		return nil, UnknownNetworkError(network)
	}
	addrs, err := DefaultResolver.internetAddrList(context.Background(), afnet, address)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return addrs.forResolve(network, address).(*IPAddr), nil
}

// IPConn is the implementation of the [Conn] and [PacketConn] interfaces
// for IP network connections.
type IPConn struct {
	conn
}

// SyscallConn returns a raw network connection.
// This implements the [syscall.Conn] interface.
func (c *IPConn) SyscallConn() (syscall.RawConn, error) {
	if !c.ok() {
		return nil, syscall.EINVAL
	}
	return newRawConn(c.fd), nil
}

// ReadFromIP acts like ReadFrom but returns an IPAddr.
func (c *IPConn) ReadFromIP(b []byte) (int, *IPAddr, error) {
	if !c.ok() {
		return 0, nil, syscall.EINVAL
	}
	n, addr, err := c.readFrom(b)
	if err != nil {
		err = &OpError{Op: "read", Net: c.fd.net, Source: c.fd.laddr, Addr: c.fd.raddr, Err: err}
	}
	return n, addr, err
}

// ReadFrom implements the [PacketConn] ReadFrom method.
func (c *IPConn) ReadFrom(b []byte) (int, Addr, error) {
	if !c.ok() {
		return 0, nil, syscall.EINVAL
	}
	n, addr, err := c.readFrom(b)
	if err != nil {
		err = &OpError{Op: "read", Net: c.fd.net, Source: c.fd.laddr, Addr: c.fd.raddr, Err: err}
	}
	if addr == nil {
		return n, nil, err
	}
	return n, addr, err
}

// ReadMsgIP reads a message from c, copying the payload into b and
// the associated out-of-band data into oob. It returns the number of
// bytes copied into b, the number of bytes copied into oob, the flags
// that were set on the message and the source address of the message.
//
// The packages golang.org/x/net/ipv4 and golang.org/x/net/ipv6 can be
// used to manipulate IP-level socket options in oob.
func (c *IPConn) ReadMsgIP(b, oob []byte) (n, oobn, flags int, addr *IPAddr, err error) {
	if !c.ok() {
		return 0, 0, 0, nil, syscall.EINVAL
	}
	n, oobn, flags, addr, err = c.readMsg(b, oob)
	if err != nil {
		err = &OpError{Op: "read", Net: c.fd.net, Source: c.fd.laddr, Addr: c.fd.raddr, Err: err}
	}
	return
}

// WriteToIP acts like [IPConn.WriteTo] but takes an [IPAddr].
func (c *IPConn) WriteToIP(b []byte, addr *IPAddr) (int, error) {
	if !c.ok() {
		return 0, syscall.EINVAL
	}
	n, err := c.writeTo(b, addr)
	if err != nil {
		err = &OpError{Op: "write", Net: c.fd.net, Source: c.fd.laddr, Addr: addr.opAddr(), Err: err}
	}
	return n, err
}

// WriteTo implements the [PacketConn] WriteTo method.
func (c *IPConn) WriteTo(b []byte, addr Addr) (int, error) {
	if !c.ok() {
		return 0, syscall.EINVAL
	}
	a, ok := addr.(*IPAddr)
	if !ok {
		return 0, &OpError{Op: "write", Net: c.fd.net, Source: c.fd.laddr, Addr: addr, Err: syscall.EINVAL}
	}
	n, err := c.writeTo(b, a)
	if err != nil {
		err = &OpError{Op: "write", Net: c.fd.net, Source: c.fd.laddr, Addr: a.opAddr(), Err: err}
	}
	return n, err
}

// WriteMsgIP writes a message to addr via c, copying the payload from
// b and the associated out-of-band data from oob. It returns the
// number of payload and out-of-band bytes written.
//
// The packages golang.org/x/net/ipv4 and golang.org/x/net/ipv6 can be
// used to manipulate IP-level socket options in oob.
func (c *IPConn) WriteMsgIP(b, oob []byte, addr *IPAddr) (n, oobn int, err error) {
	if !c.ok() {
		return 0, 0, syscall.EINVAL
	}
	n, oobn, err = c.writeMsg(b, oob, addr)
	if err != nil {
		err = &OpError{Op: "write", Net: c.fd.net, Source: c.fd.laddr, Addr: addr.opAddr(), Err: err}
	}
	return
}

func newIPConn(fd *netFD) *IPConn { return &IPConn{conn{fd}} }

// DialIP acts like [Dial] for IP networks.
//
// The network must be an IP network name; see func Dial for details.
//
// If laddr is nil, a local address is automatically chosen.
// If the IP field of raddr is nil or an unspecified IP address, the
// local system is assumed.
func DialIP(network string, laddr, raddr *IPAddr) (*IPConn, error) {
	return dialIP(context.Background(), nil, network, laddr, raddr)
}

func dialIP(ctx context.Context, dialer *Dialer, network string, laddr, raddr *IPAddr) (*IPConn, error) {
	if raddr == nil {
		return nil, &OpError{Op: "dial", Net: network, Source: laddr.opAddr(), Addr: nil, Err: errMissingAddress}
	}
	sd := &sysDialer{network: network, address: raddr.String()}
	if dialer != nil {
		sd.Dialer = *dialer
	}
	c, err := sd.dialIP(ctx, laddr, raddr)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, &OpError{Op: "dial", Net: network, Source: laddr.opAddr(), Addr: raddr.opAddr(), Err: err}
	}
	return c, nil
}

// ListenIP acts like [ListenPacket] for IP networks.
//
// The network must be an IP network name; see func Dial for details.
//
// If the IP field of laddr is nil or an unspecified IP address,
// ListenIP listens on all available IP addresses of the local system
// except multicast IP addresses.
func ListenIP(network string, laddr *IPAddr) (*IPConn, error) {
	if laddr == nil {
		laddr = &IPAddr{}
	}
	sl := &sysListener{network: network, address: laddr.String()}
	c, err := sl.listenIP(context.Background(), laddr)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, &OpError{Op: "listen", Net: network, Source: nil, Addr: laddr.opAddr(), Err: err}
	}
	return c, nil
}