env/linux-x86-{sid,std-kube}: optimize image size

Cleanup and optimize Dockerfiles for making images smaller.

Before:
REPOSITORY                       TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
go-builders/linux-x86-sid        latest              9b9e88b7655c        55 seconds ago      1.12GB
go-builders/linux-x86-std-kube   latest              91a5a7a8cb1f        8 seconds ago       986MB

After:
REPOSITORY                       TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
go-builders/linux-x86-sid        latest              aab9e758925e        7 seconds ago       731MB
go-builders/linux-x86-std-kube   latest              8309123c2745        2 minutes ago       577MB

Change-Id: I613896faf0d298448995952d265b1729cd03392c
Reviewed-on: https://go-review.googlesource.com/40409
Reviewed-by: Brad Fitzpatrick <bradfitz@golang.org>
2 files changed